1.Taaruf-getting to know each other

2.Tafahum-mutual understanding

3.Takaful-mutual support and protection

IMPORTANCE OF USRAH IN CFS IIUM

1)IBADULLAH-We are the servant of the most Merciful.We have to perform our ibadah day and night with full of ikhlas.

2)KHALIFAH-Allah want us to be the khalifah.Human has a role to takecare of the earth and take the responsibility in dunya.

3)KHAYR AL-UMMAH-The muslims community is the best nation raised of mankind because we enjoin good deeds and forbid evil and we believe in Allah.

4)UMMATAN WASATAN- we must have the balancing in dunya and afterlife.

1.Islam- To testify (shahadah) there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His Messenger.

•To perform prayer.

•obligatory:Prayer is a compulsory act of worship in Islam.

•Problem solver:Prayer bring peace and solutions to life’s problems.

•To give zakat.

•Obligatory:Zakat is a compulsory act of worship in Islam.

•Warning:Wealth should not be used for harmful or sinful purposes

•To fast in Ramadan

•Obligatory:Fasting in Ramadan is a compulsory act of worship in Islam

•Beyond hunger: It is not just about abstaining from food and drink but also controlling desires,speech and actions

•To perform Hajj if able

•Obligatory:Hajj is a compulsory act of worship but only for those who are capable

•Unity and equality: Hajj gather muslims from all around the world,reminding them of unity and humility before Allah.

2)IMAN

•Belief in Allah

•Belief in angels

•Belief in revealed books

•Belief in the messengers

•Belief in the Last day

•Belief in qada’ and qadar

3)IHSAN

•To worship Allah as if you see Him and if you cannot see Him,know that He always sees you.

4)The Hour(Day of judgement)

•No one knows except Allah

•Signs:

•A slave woman will give birth to her master.

Summary of Hadith Jibril(Hadith 2)

Context:

Umar ibn al-Khattab reported that a man (who was actually Angel Jibril in human form)came to Prophet Muhammad,sat very close to him and asked questions to teach the companions about religion.

Main points:

1)Iman

•Belief in Allah

Application:

-Regular five daily prayers

-Quranic reflection

•Belief in Malaikah

Application:

-Remember that angles witness our actions

•Belief in kitab

Application:

-Study and and follow the teachings of these books especially quran.

1)Belief in Rasul

Explanation:

All messengers carried the same message which is there is no god but Allah Application:

-Follow the prophets character such as be grateful,patient and humble

2)Belief in Hereafter

Meaning:

The world will surely end on a fixed day.Deeds will be weighed,the wicked punished in hell.

Importance:

-Makes humans conscious of consequences-every action has a result.

3)Belief in qada’ and qadar

-to believe that everything happens by Allah decree.

qada’:Allah determination before events occur.

qadar:the realization of that decree at its appointed time

Wisdoms:

-brings peace of heart

-teaches humility,avoiding arrogance

-encourages tawakkal

-removes negative traits

The truth behind the Judgement day

Eschatology

-The study of concerns expectations of the end of the present age,human history or the world itself.The end of the world is predicted bu several world religions,which teach that negative world events will reach a climax.

Segmentation of signs

-the coming of the last Prophet,Muhammad (S.A.W)

-Earthquake will increase

-Good deeds will decrease

-Arabia become green

-Time will pass rapidly

-Dajjal spawned

-the sun rise from west

1. Respect each other – do not mock or belittle.

2. Help friends who struggle in learning.

3. Avoid jealousy – seek to support, not compete destructively.

4. Study together with adab – discussions, not arguments.

The acquisition of hikmah comes through sincere faith, seeking knowledge, reflecting on the Qur’an and Sunnah, life experiences, patience, and obedience to Allah. Allah grants hikmah to whom He wills, and it increases when a person practices what they know and remains humble.

Hikmah in ibadah (worship) means understanding the purpose behind acts of worship. Acts such as prayer, fasting, and zakat are not rituals without meaning; they purify the heart, strengthen discipline, increase taqwa (God-consciousness), and build a strong connection with Allah. When worship is done with hikmah, it transforms behavior and character.

Hikmah in Islam shows that Islam is a balanced and merciful religion. Islamic laws aim to protect faith, life, intellect, lineage, and property. Every ruling has wisdom behind it, even if humans do not fully understand it. Hikmah teaches Muslims to be moderate, just, and compassionate.

Hikmah in education emphasizes holistic development — nurturing the mind, soul, and character. Education in Islam is not only about gaining knowledge but applying it ethically. A person with hikmah uses knowledge responsibly and benefits society.

Niyyah means intention. The definition of niyyah is the sincere purpose in the heart to perform an action for the sake of Allah. In Islam, niyyah determines the value of an action. A good deed done with the wrong intention may lose its reward, while a simple act done sincerely can be rewarded.

Amal refers to actions or deeds. The definition of amal includes all actions, whether physical or spiritual, that are done by a person. Amal is judged by both niyyah and compliance with Islamic teachings. Good intentions must be accompanied by correct actions.

Ehsan means excellence and perfection. The definition of ehsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and even if you do not see Him, knowing that He sees you. About ehsan, it represents the highest level of faith, where a person performs every act with sincerity, awareness, and excellence, seeking Allah’s pleasure in all aspects of life.

Ibadah refers to acts of worship performed with sincere intention (niyyah) to obey Allah and seek His pleasure. The hikmah (wisdom) of ibadah comes from divine guidance in the Qur’an and Sunnah, aiming to shape a believer’s faith, character, and relationship with Allah and society.

Prayer (Ṣalāh) is a compulsory act of worship that involves specific physical actions and recitations performed at fixed times daily. Its function is to establish a direct connection with Allah, strengthen faith, and remind believers of their purpose in life. Prayer disciplines the soul, prevents immoral behavior, and nurtures humility, patience, and inner peace.

Fasting (Ṣawm) is the act of abstaining from food, drink, and sinful acts from dawn to sunset during Ramadan with sincere intention. Its function is to develop self-control, taqwa (God-consciousness), and spiritual awareness. The benefits of fasting include purification of the soul, empathy for the poor, discipline of desires, and improvement of physical and mental health.

Zakah is an obligatory form of charity given from one’s wealth to specific categories of recipients. It is defined as the purification and growth of wealth through sharing. The benefit of zakah lies in reducing poverty, promoting social justice, purifying the giver’s heart from greed, and strengthening unity and compassion within the Muslim community.

Hajj is a pilgrimage to Makkah performed once in a lifetime by those who are physically and financially able. Its benefit includes spiritual renewal, forgiveness of sins, strengthening unity among Muslims, and reinforcing equality, patience, and obedience to Allah.

Overall, ibadah nurtures a balanced individual who is spiritually strong, morally upright, and socially responsible.

Solat requires meeting conditions of obligation (Islam, sanity, maturity) and conditions of validity such as purity, covering aurah, facing qiblah, and praying within the correct time. The rukun solat (essential pillars) include niyyah, standing (if able), takbiratul ihram, al-Fatihah, ruku’, sujud, tahiyat akhir, salam, and performing them in order. Actions like excessive movement, talking, eating, losing wuduk, or changing intention invalidate solat. Sunnah acts enhance prayer, while makruh actions reduce its quality.

Wuduk is essential for purity. Its rukun include intention, washing the face, arms, wiping the head, washing the feet, and order. Wuduk can be nullified by actions such as sleeping deeply, losing consciousness, or bodily discharges. Performing wuduk properly and calmly is encouraged.

Tayammum is a substitute for wuduk when water cannot be used due to absence or harm. It requires intention, using clean earth, and maintaining order.

Khushu’ is not a rukun but a highly encouraged state of focus, humility, and awareness when praying. It is hindered by distractions and attachment to worldly matters. Khushu’ can be improved through good preparation, understanding prayer recitations, praying calmly, avoiding distractions, and sincerely focusing on worshipping Allah.

Khushūʿ in Ṣalāh means having full presence of the heart and mind before Allah, shown through calmness, humility, and attentiveness. It is not just about physical movements, but sincere inner focus. Allah describes successful believers as those who humble themselves in prayer (Qur’an 23:1–2)  .

Ṣalāh performed with khushūʿ strengthens one’s relationship with Allah, shapes good character (akhlāq), and helps prevent sinful behaviour. It becomes a source of spiritual help and patience (Qur’an 2:45)  .

Khushūʿ in prayer builds several key Islamic values:

• Al-Ṭāʿah (Submission & Loyalty): Obedience and sincerity to Allah, training discipline and acceptance of His commands.

• Al-Jihād (Striving in Allah’s Path): Inner struggle against laziness and distractions (jihād al-nafs), strengthening consistency in worship.

• Muḥāsabah (Self-Reflection): Evaluating intentions and actions, becoming aware of sins and shortcomings.

• ʿIffah (Modesty & Self-Restraint): Guarding oneself from immoral acts, as true Ṣalāh restrains from shameful deeds (Qur’an 29:45).

• Tawaḍḍuʿ (Humility): Recognising dependence on Allah, removing pride, and expressing humility especially through sujūd.

Overall, khushūʿ is the soul of Ṣalāh. It strengthens īmān, improves behaviour, and builds a strong Islamic personality. True Ṣalāh does not stop at prayer—it transforms the heart and is reflected in daily life.

Fasting is an act of worship prescribed by Allah for believers, just as it was prescribed for earlier nations. This command is addressed specifically to people of faith, showing that sincere belief is essential for fasting to be valid. Allah mentions previous nations to ease the burden on Muslims and to motivate them to uphold fasting even better.

The main purpose of fasting is to develop taqwa (mindfulness of Allah). Taqwa means being cautious and protecting oneself from wrongdoing, similar to carefully walking on a thorny path. Fasting helps build this mindfulness by training a person to control desires and avoid sinful behavior. As emphasized in a hadith, fasting is not only about abstaining from food and drink, but also about avoiding lies and bad conduct.

One of the greatest virtues of fasting is sabr (patience) and self-restraint. Fasting develops patience in obeying Allah, staying away from prohibitions, and enduring hardships. Imam al-Ghazali described three levels of fasting:

1. Minimum – refraining from food, drink, and marital relations.

2. Intermediate – preventing the limbs (tongue, eyes, ears, hands) from sin.

3. Optimal – guarding the heart from distractions that turn it away from Allah.

Fasting also nurtures rahmah (mercy and empathy). Hunger and thirst help Muslims understand the suffering of the poor, encouraging compassion and generosity. Islam further promotes feeding those who fast, promising equal reward for the one who provides food without reducing the fasting person’s reward.

In short, fasting purifies the soul, strengthens self-discipline, deepens empathy, and brings believers closer to Allah.

Zakah holds a very high status in Islam, as it is consistently mentioned alongside prayer in the Qur’an and is the third pillar of Islam, as stated in the Hadith of Jibril. This shows that zakah is as essential as prayer in a Muslim’s life. In the Qur’an, zakah is also referred to as sadaqah, although zakah is obligatory while sadaqah is voluntary charity. Through zakah, Islam promotes spiritual purification, social responsibility, and economic balance within society  .

One of the main virtues of zakah is tawakkul (reliance on Allah). By giving zakah, a Muslim demonstrates trust in Allah’s commands and belief in His promise that wealth given for His sake will be replaced and increased. Zakah teaches believers not to depend solely on material possessions, but to rely fully on Allah. Another key virtue is ukhuwah (brotherhood), which strengthens unity and harmony among Muslims. Zakah nurtures empathy, reduces selfishness, and encourages care for the needy. It also reflects both a vertical relationship with Allah and a horizontal relationship with fellow humans, making zakah a comprehensive act of worship with deep spiritual and social impact  .