3. Describe endocytosis in general, then each type specifically: (Study Fig. 5.8 carefully) 
     a) Phagocytosis 

     b) pinocytosis 

     c) receptor-mediated endocytosis (Review Fig. 5.9 carefully) 

4. What happens during exocytosis? 

     a) Give examples of different substances secreted by exocytosis.

2.  Water is a polar molecule, so how do large quantities of  
     water get across the phospholipid bilayer? Water moves by osmosis and has high solvency abilities

3.  Explain the difference between a solute and a solvent. A solute is the substance being dissolved, a solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute

4.  The total solute concentration in a solution is called 
      __osmolarity_________________

5.  What is tonicity? The measurement of relative concentrations of solute between two solutions

6.  How are water concentrations and solute concentrations  
      related to each other? They are inversely related because water moves frmo an hypotonic environment

7.  Water diffuses from a ______hypotonic___________ environment into a  
      ______________hypertonic ________ environment.

8.  Explain how water moves in a dynamic equilibrium. Equal amounts of water move in and out of the cell at equal rates

9.  In plant cells, environmental hypertonicity results in  
    ________less cellular solute____________, which results in water 
    ______plasmolysis_______________  the cell.

10.  In plant cells, environmental hypotonicity results in  
  _______more cellular solute ______________, which results in water 
  _______plasmolysis _____________  the cell.

11.  Explain why a plant cell does not lyse/explode when in 
      environmental hypotonicity. Osmotic pressure

12.  In animal cells, environmental hypertonicity results in a 
       cell that is ___shriveled__________.

13.  In animal cells, environmental hypotonicity results in a 
       cell that is ___lysed __________

14.  How does a paramecium avoid lysis in a hypotonic   
       environment? excess water collects in the vacuole and the pumped out

2.  Describe the most common use for each of the following 
     types of graphs:
     - Line graph: tracks changes over time, trends or progresses
     - Scatterplot: to determine relationship between two things
     - Histogram: show how values in data set are distributed across evenly spaced intervals
     - Bar graph: compare multiple groups or treatments to each other
     - Box and whisker plot: show variability in the sample
     - Dual Y: illustrate relationships between two independent variables

3.  What types of graphs are used in the practice problems 
     in this video? Bar graph, line garph

2.  What are the two components of water potential? water and solute potential

3.  Water moves from areas of _____high______ water potential to areas of __lower______ water potential.

4.  The value of water potential can be ___positive____, _____0____, or ____negative______.

5.  What is the water potential of pure water? 0

6.  How does increasing the amount of solute affect water potential? an increase in solute potential and decrease in water potential

7.  What does an ionization constant tell you? What the pressure potential is in gregards to the molar concentration

8.  What is C? molar concentration

9.  In water potential calculations, what units (Fahrenheit, Celsius or Kelvin) must be used for temperature? Celsius

10.  What is the water potential of a 0.5 M sucrose solution at 21 degrees Celsius in an open system? 273

11.  What is the pressure potential in an open system? zero