Chemistry by 20 Ryan Choo 朱文康

Chemistry by 20 Ryan Choo 朱文康 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok Group Activity 3 en-us 2021-07-26 06:30:55 UTC 2025-12-05 11:15:26 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f9ea.png 31 jerryyap819 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660844910 Ethanol is a renewable biofuel because it is made from biomass. Ethanol is a clear, colorless alcohol made from a variety of biomass materials called feedstocks (the raw materials used to make a product). ]]> 2021-07-26 06:45:19 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660844910 23 1745229 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660845429 Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. ]]> 2021-07-26 06:46:02 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660845429 Group Members 1791323 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660845982 01 Ang Jing Wen
18 Low Chong Shern
20 Ryan Choo
23 Sze Pui Min
31 Yap Yan Shan

]]> 2021-07-26 06:46:51 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660845982 31 jerryyap819 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660848248 2021-07-26 06:50:02 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660848248 23 1745229 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660850420 Ethanol is used in toiletries, pharmaceuticals, and fuels, and it is used to sterilize hospital instruments. It is, moreover, the alcohol in alcoholic beverages.The anesthetic ether is also made from ethanol.]]> 2021-07-26 06:52:53 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660850420 31 jerryyap819 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660851518 1-Decanol is used in the manufacture of plasticizer, lubricant, surfactants and solvents. Its ability to permeate the skin has led to it being investigated as a penetration enhancer for transdermal drug delivery]]> 2021-07-26 06:54:10 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660851518 23 1745229 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660851865 Methanol is used as a solvent, as a raw material for the manufacture of formaldehyde and special resins, in special fuels, in antifreeze, and for cleaning metals.]]> 2021-07-26 06:54:37 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660851865 31 jerryyap819 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660868770 Undecanol(C11H23OH). It has a floral citrus like odor, and a fatty taste and is used as a flavoring ingredient in foods. It is commonly produced by the reduction of undecanal, the analogous aldehyde(A colorless, oily liquid, undecanal is a component of perfumes)]]> 2021-07-26 07:19:04 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1660868770 18 174978 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661067595
Properties of Alcohol :

Highly Flammable
Combustion releases a lot of heat without soot
Colourless
Chemically reactive
Low boiling point
Dissolves many organic molecules(Organic Solvent)

Uses of Alcohol in Manufacturing sector
Example:

Ethanol is used as a raw material in the manufacture of polymers, fibres, explosives and also plastics.
Ethanol is oxidised to ethanoic acid for making vinegar

Uses of Alcohol in Biofuel
Example:

Ethanol can be used as fuel for vehicles. Ethanol burns well, producing 70% as much heat per litre as petrol does.
At the same time, ethanol is a clean fuel. Combustion of ethanol produces carbon dioxide and water, with little atmostpheric pollution.
Methanol is used as fuel for racing cars.

]]> 2021-07-26 12:59:03 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661067595 Title 174978 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661088765 The properties & uses of alcohol in biofuel and manufacturing sector ]]> 2021-07-26 13:25:15 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661088765 Ethanol Molecule 174978 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661111429 2021-07-26 13:54:14 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661111429 20 1791323 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661208116 Alcohols are organic molecules assembled from carbon (C), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H) atoms]]> 2021-07-26 15:50:44 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661208116 20 1791323 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661213089 2021-07-26 15:55:11 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661213089 1 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661943289 alcohol is an organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group (−OH) bound to a saturated carbon atom.The type of alcohol in the alcoholic drinks we drink is a chemical called ethanol.To make alcohol, you need to put grains, fruits or vegetables through a process called fermentation.]]> 2021-07-27 08:14:54 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661943289 1 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661943896 The most common ethanol production processes today use yeast to ferment the starch and sugars in corn, sugar cane, and sugar beets. Corn is the main feedstock for fuel ethanol in the United States because of its abundance and relatively low price historically. The starch in corn kernels is fermented into sugar, which is then fermented into alcohol.]]> 2021-07-27 08:16:00 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1661943896 20 1791323 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1662699659 Combustion of Alcohols
~Alcohols burn in excess oxygen, O₂to produce carbon dioxide, CO₂ and water, H₂O.
~Example:

C₂H₅OH + 3O₂ 🡪 2CO₂ + 3H₂O
^(Ethanol)~The combustion of ethanol, C₂H₅OH releases large quantities of heat. It can be used as fuel of rockets.

]]> 2021-07-28 03:17:24 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1662699659 20 1791323 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1662735300 Oxidation of Alcohols
~Alcohols can be oxidised to form carboxylic acids in the presence of a suitable oxidising agent.
~Common oxidising agents include acidified potassium manganate(VII), KMnO₄ solution and acidified potassium dichromate(VI), K₂Cr₂O₇solution.
~Example:
C₂H₅OH + 2 [O] 🡪 CH₃COOH + H₂O
^{(Ethanol) (Ethanoic acid)}C₃H₇OH + 2 [O] 🡪 C₂H₅COOH + H₂O
^{(Propanol) (Propanoic acid)}]]> 2021-07-28 03:55:50 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1662735300 20 1791323 https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1662735932 Dehydration of Alcohols
~Dehydration of alcohols involves the removal of a water molecule from each alcohol molecule to produce a corresponding alkene.
~Water molecules are removed from alcohols when alcohol vapour is flowed over a strongly heated catalyst, such as porcelain chips, aluminium oxide, alumina or concentrated sulphuric acid.
~Example:
_{porcelain chips}
C₂H₅OH -------------> C₂H₄ + H₂O
^{(Ethanol) △ (Ethene)}_{porcelain chips}
C₃H₇OH -------------> C₃H₆ + H₂O
^{(Propanol) △ (Propene)}
]]> 2021-07-28 03:56:37 UTC https://padlet.com/1791323/2j86j2xp1x1c93ok/wish/1662735932