Wavelength -is the length of the wave
Amplitude - is the highest amount of vibration that the medium gives from the rest position

Rest Position - is the position where a wave would be if there was no movement.
Examples of Transverse waves:

light, infrared, ultraviolet, radio waves, microwaves, x-rays, and gamma rays.

Refraction: is when the atoms are not pressed together, they're spread out
Wavelength: The gap between two crests or troughs
Examples of Longitudinal Waves:
Sound waves, Clapping, Vibrating Drumheads, Tsunami Waves, Earthquake (Seismic-P wave),Vibration in Window Panels after a Thunder, and Music Woofers

Seismic waves - Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through Earth's layers, and are a result of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, magma movement, large landslides and large man-made explosions that give out low-frequency acoustic energy.

AMPLITUDE - amplitude modulation, AM is used for audio broadcasting on the long medium and short wave bands, and for two way radio communication at VHF for aircraft.

WAVELENGTH - The energy of a wave is directly proportional to its frequency but inversely proportional to its wavelength. That means the greater the energy, the larger the frequency and the shorter the wavelength. Given the relationship between wavelength and frequency, short wavelengths are more energetic than long wavelengths.

SPEED -  It is important to know the speed of a wave, because this is the speed at which the energy it carries is transferred from one place to another. Speed is a measure of how fast something is.
Timber (tone color) - Timbre refers to the colorr of the tone, or the "feel" of the voice. Sounds with different timbres create different wave shapes that influence our sound perception. In physics, this is referred to as the timbre of a wave. It's what makes it possible for people to easily distinguish sounds (e.g. cat's meow, running water).The sound created by the piano has a distinct color hue from the sound produced by the guitar.

In music, duration is the amount of time the pitch or tone lasts. They can be described as long, short, or time-consuming. The length of a note or tone determines the timbre and rhythm of a sound. A classical piano piece appears to have notes longer in length than the notes played by a keyboard player at a pop concert. In physics, the duration of a sound or a tone starts when the sound registers and stops after it cannot be detected.

The frequency for minute hand is 3600 s and 

While the frequency for hour hand is 43200 s and

The time period and frequency relation is given as f = 1/T

Here, T is the time period and f is the frequency.

Now time period for the second hand is = 1 min = 60 s. So frequency, fs = 1/60s
fs = 0.0166Hz = 1.67 x 10^-2Hz

Time period of minute hand = 1 hour = 3600 s.

so frequency, fm = 1/3600s = 2.77 x 10^-4Hz

Time period of hour hand = 12 hour = 43200 s.

so frequency, fh = 1/43200s = 2.3 x 10^-5Hz

2.The eardrum will vibrate with vibrates with the different sounds

3.These sound vibrations make their way through the ossicles to the cochlea

4Sound vibrations make the fluid in the cochlea travel like ocean waves

5.Movement of fluid in turn makes the hair cells The auditory nerve picks up any neural signals created by the hair cells. Hair cells at one end of the cochlea transfer low pitch sound information and hair cells at the opposite end transfer high pitch sound information.

6.The auditory nerve moves signals to the brain where they are then translated into recognizable and meaningful sounds. It is the brain that “hears”.

Without sound signals waves, human beings will not be able to speak verbally. Your vocal cords produce sound waves, which are then distributed through the air to the ears of the listeners. Current communication systems, such as radios and televisions, use the same fundamental principle to relay sound to your ears.

Scientists use sound waves in sonar devices to study the oceans. Sonar sends out sound waves, which then echo back to the source as the object is struck. Scientists may use this echo to assess the scale and position of the entity that echoed back on the sound waves. Navy boats are now using sonar equipment to hunt for enemy submarines.

Geologists use sound waves to search for minerals such as oil underneath the ground. They bounce sound waves through the ground and calculate the direction they move across the earth. By analyzing the way the sound waves move across the earth, geologists may draw inferences about the composition and make-up of the earth. Geologists may also use the waves generated by earthquakes to study the land in a similar way, as well as to study the impact and strength of the earthquakes themselves.

Many animals or creatures are using sound waves to search for food. In specific, Bats use the form of a sonar to hunt for prey. The Bats project sound waves that bounce off the prey. When the sound waves return to the bats, they may assess their distance from their prey. In this way, even if the eyesight is relatively low, bats can search successfully at night. Some marine mammals / sea creatures, such as dolphins, and whales use similar modes of echolocation to search for prey and to communicate with each other.

The former one passes at the speed of sound, while the latter communicates with the external electromagnetic fields applied. The following are few differences usually encountered between acoustic and optical phonons.

Acoustic phonons:

Optical phonons: