Group 17 - Read through the information about your group's country and list ONE point for each of the 5 factors (A PEAR) happening in that country. by Nathalia Costa https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh en-us 2018-07-29 21:14:28 UTC 2024-12-20 01:33:40 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426724 Health means looking at the whole holistic picture of someone - PERSON, ENVIRONMENT AND OCCUPATION and making sure this is sound. ]]> 2018-07-30 06:56:58 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426724 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426734 Health is defined by the culture where it is present, particularly social health]]> 2018-07-30 06:57:12 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426734 Definition https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426744 Health means being able to complete daily activities, habits and responsibilities within an individual, social and professional context without any pain, discomfort or barriers.]]> 2018-07-30 06:57:25 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426744 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426749 An apple a day keeps the doctor away]]> 2018-07-30 06:57:35 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426749 We believe that the World Health Organisation definition is correct, however is not inclusive of some key factors; cultural differences, interpersonal associations, and environmental factors and others. It is a holistic concept, and looks at person, their environment and occupation. https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426792 2018-07-30 06:58:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426792 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426810 What informed me? Nature but also nurture.... my personal beliefs and my educational input]]> 2018-07-30 06:58:54 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426810 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426816 Health is more then just the physical, mental and social well-being of a person. It should also be noted that a lack of debilitating disease or dysfunction is not adequate in assuming the presence of good health. ]]> 2018-07-30 06:59:02 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426816 Health and well-being includes that of endlessly changing factors from social, environmental, behavioural and biomedically families. Together they can form and mould a person into a healthy being, however they can also breakdowns ones self to something unhealthy. https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426886 2018-07-30 06:59:56 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426886 Origins Health Definition https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426922 Upbringing and childhood.
Education.
Environmental and social background.
Health system we have been exposed to.
Political stability.

]]> 2018-07-30 07:00:13 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426922 Finding equal balance between all factors, these being physical, mental & spiritual. Together these form a balanced and well rounded scope of what it means to have good holistic health. https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426968 2018-07-30 07:00:52 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271426968 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427049 1. Good health can also refer to adequate diet and nutrition, lifestyle habits such as exercise and sleep, mental health and spiritual well-being.]]> 2018-07-30 07:02:10 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427049 Perspectives came from family upbringing & cultural background https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427125 2018-07-30 07:03:32 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427125 How perspectives influence practice https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427143 It is important to consider that a broad range of backgrounds produces a broad range of perspectives and they must all be looked at to prevent narrow-mindedness.]]> 2018-07-30 07:03:52 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427143 Perspectives came from: Lifestyle, culture, upbringing, studies, and personal experience. https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427161 2018-07-30 07:04:12 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427161 Perspectives come from your upbringing, personal beliefs and experiences https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427169 They influence your practice in a variety of ways - including patient interaction, motivation, empathy, noticing changes in health, decision making, management of situations and reflection. ]]> 2018-07-30 07:04:21 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427169 Perspectives influence practice how you handle situations, how you reflect on situations, and decision making. https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427229 2018-07-30 07:05:10 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427229 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427320 2. My family greatly influenced my definition of health as they are fairly healthy people and passed on those habits to me. Growing up wanting to be a nurse also influenced my passion for good health and the importance of it and being a good role model]]> 2018-07-30 07:06:43 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427320 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427516  
3. Into the future I will adopt a holistic approach with my patients and address the physical,  mental and emotional aspects of their health 

]]> 2018-07-30 07:09:40 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/271427516 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290136920 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_Brazil]]> 2018-10-08 04:47:58 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290136920 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290136999 a) Efficient, well-run health system b) Affordability 
c) Availability of medicine and technology 
d) Health workers 
▸e) Actions to address social determinants of health
]]> 2018-10-08 04:48:44 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290136999 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137032 a) Efficient, well-run health system b) Affordability 
c) Availability of medicine and technology 
d) Health workers 
e) Actions to address social determinants of health
]]> 2018-10-08 04:49:09 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137032 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137060 a) Efficient, well-run health system b) Affordability 
c) Availability of medicine and technology 
d) Health workers 
e) Actions to address social determinants of health
]]> 2018-10-08 04:49:28 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137060 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137105 a) Efficient, well-run health system b) Affordability 
c) Availability of medicine and technology 
d) Health workers 
e) Actions to address social determinants of health
]]> 2018-10-08 04:50:03 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137105 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137190 a) Efficient, well-run health system 
b) Affordability 
c) Availability of medicine and technology 
d) Health workers 
e) Actions to address social determinants of health
]]> 2018-10-08 04:50:46 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137190 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137391 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_in_Thailand]]> 2018-10-08 04:52:52 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137391 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137427 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_Rwanda]]> 2018-10-08 04:53:12 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137427 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137474 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_policy_in_Bangladesh]]> 2018-10-08 04:53:38 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137474 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137528 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_Mexico]]> 2018-10-08 04:54:09 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290137528 a) Strong and efficient - In 2008, the government spent 9.7% of national expenditure on healthcare, compared with 3.2% in 1996. Health insurance became mandatory for all individuals in 2008, in 2010 over 90% of the population was covered. In 2012, only about 4% were uninsured. https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290152567 B) Affordability - The system is a community-based health insurance scheme, in which residents of a particular area pay premiums into a local health fund, and can draw from it when in need of medical care. Premiums are paid according to a sliding scale, with the poorest members of society entitled to use the service for free, while the wealthiest pay the highest premiums and are charged copays for treatment

C) Availability - Rwanda's healthcare system operates roughly 440 health centers, 34 health posts and 48 district hospitals

D) Health workers - The country's villages are served by a network of thousands of community health workers. Rwanda is also currently participating in a seven-year program begun in 2013 that sees hundreds of medical educators and clinicians from 25 American medical institutions, including Harvard Medical School, training Rwandan medical personnel and establish training and residency programs,

E) Social determinant - From 1990 to 2012, an improvement in the drinking water coverage was registered from 59% to 67% and the use of surface water reduced from 25% to 11%. There was also an improvement in the sanitation coverage from 1990 to 2012. This was from 30% to 64%.

Biomedical Factor - In 1990,the percentage of children immunized against measles was roughly estimated to be 82% and by 2012 it had increased dramatically to 98% coverage of measles,3 doses of hepatitis B, 3 doses if pnuemoccal conjugatevaccine and 3 doses of DTP

Behavioural Factor - Exclusive breast feeding rate increased to 85%.]]> 2018-10-08 06:36:08 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290152567 B) In 1992, the New York Times reported that residents of the United States living near the Mexican border routinely crossed into Mexico for medical care. Popular specialties included dentistry and plastic surgery. In 2007, the Washington Post reported that Mexican dentists charged 20-25% of US prices, and other procedures typically cost a third of the US price. https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153211 2018-10-08 06:38:31 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153211 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153366 d) In 1999, the country had some 237,000 physicians. As of 2010, the country had 364,757 physicians. In 2009, for the first time, more new medical licenses were given for women than for men.]]> 2018-10-08 06:39:09 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153366 a) According to the World Health Organization only about 3% of the Gross Domestic Product s spent on health services. https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153445 2018-10-08 06:39:33 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153445 E j_waterton https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153481 In Mexico, health inequality in the population is influenced by such social factors. These include circumstances in which people grow, live, work, and age and the systems put in place to deal with illnesses. In the past decade, Mexico has witnessed immense progress within its health care system that has allowed for greater access to health care and a decrease in mortality rate, but there are still various health inequalities caused by social factors. Poverty plays a big role in role in addressing health care. ]]> 2018-10-08 06:39:43 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153481 a) Efficient, well-run health system https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153588 Most health services in Thailand are delivered by the public sector. They have 3 programs; the civil service welfare system for civil servants, social security for private employees and a universal coverage scheme which theoretically is a universal healthcare scheme. Moreover, 99.5% of the population have health protection coverage.]]> 2018-10-08 06:40:09 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153588 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153597 b) Affordability: annual spending on health care amounted to 345 international dollars per person in purchasing power parity. Total expenditures represented about 4.3 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). Of this amount, 75.8 percent came from public sources and 24.2 percent from private sources. ]]> 2018-10-08 06:40:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153597 a. Health expenditure as % of GDP , 6.2% in 2012 In 2016, a total of €60.52 bn was spent on healthcare in Mexico. Of the total expenditure, 52.3% is sourced publically, and 47.7% is private. Mexico’s healthcare system includes small private systems as well as universal health insurance programs. The result is a mixture of private, public, and employer-funded healthcare schemes. Aside from public insurance and the private healthcare sector, state employees and members of the military enjoy separate insurance schemes. https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153723
Mexico’s healthcare system is relatively unequal. Despite an abundance of high-quality medical services and facilities, many people can only afford basic care. Although the government has begun spending more money on healthcare, it still has one of the lowest per capita expenditures of all OECD countries, outspending only Turkey and Estonia.

]]> 2018-10-08 06:40:45 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153723 Affordability https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153845 Since 1988, the Brazilian constitution has guaranteed that everyone have access to healthcare in Brazil. This service can be obtained from the public national health system, from private providers subsidized by the federal government via the Social Security budget, or from the private sector via private insurance or employers.
Those who cannot afford to pay for healthcare in Brazil use the government’s free public national health system, mentioned above. They pay nothing for doctors’ fees, lab fees, hospitalization, surgery, or even prescription drugs. 
For the highest quality of health care in Brazil, the private system is generally better than the public system, with shorter waits and better care. The more affluent Brazilians generally use this system, which covers about 20% of the Brazilian population. There are several hundred firms offering four principal types of medical plans: private health insurance, prepaid group practice, medical cooperatives, and company health plans.

The cost can vary, according to the provider, coverage, and region.

Most of Brazil's medical and hospital services are delivered through the private sector but are paid for by the government through the National Institute of Medical Care and Social Security (INMAPS).
]]> 2018-10-08 06:41:09 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153845 b) government expenditure on health is only about 34% of the total health expenditure, the rest (66%) being out-of-pocket expenses https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153960 2018-10-08 06:41:38 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290153960 d. According to WHO, 2007, 171193 physicians, 223081 nurses, 7943 dentists , 259260 others https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290154167 In addition to the Seguro Popular, there is also a regular healthcare insurance coverage for employees, which is provided by the Institute of Social Security (Spanish only). Those covered pay a monthly premium calculated based on their wages, with both the state as well as their employer chipping in.]]> 2018-10-08 06:42:35 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290154167 Availability of Medicine https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290154570 The responsibility for national production of immunobiologicals is entrusted to public laboratories; which have a long-standing tradition of producing vaccines and sera for use in official programs. The Ministry of Public Health invested some US$120 million in the development of the capacity of these laboratories. In 2000, the supply of products was sufficient to meet the need for heterologous sera.]]> 2018-10-08 06:44:13 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290154570 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290155008 d) Health Workers: Thailand sends volunteers in an emergency (first responders) - only 24 hours of training. There are three levels of medical emergency help in Thailand, from first responder (FR) level to basic life support (BLS) level, and advanced life support (ALS) level. Most volunteers have attained the FR level]]> 2018-10-08 06:45:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290155008 c) The country is experiencing a high rate of urbanization https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290155275 2018-10-08 06:46:23 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290155275 e) Improved Sanitation Facilities increased from 36% in 55% from 1995 to 2013 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290155393 2018-10-08 06:46:47 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290155393 D.) There are an estimated 3.05 physicians per 10,000 population and 1.07 nurses per 10,000 population. Health workers are concentrated in urban secondary and tertiary hospitals, although 70% of the population lives in rural areas. https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290155487 2018-10-08 06:47:09 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290155487 c) Availability of medicine and technology https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290155563 Antibiotics are available over the counter without a prescription. In 2008, 98% of the population had access to an improved water source and 96% of the population have access to an improved sanitation facilities.]]> 2018-10-08 06:47:23 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290155563 a) Less deaths in both males and females in 2000 to 2012, however most were preventable https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290156161 2018-10-08 06:49:31 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290156161 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290156427 e) Addressing social determinants of health: 
water and sanitation - 98% of population has access to improved water source. 96% had access to improved sanitation facilities.]]> 2018-10-08 06:50:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290156427 Actions to Address Social Determinants of Health https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290156998 For those who have a lower SES, they can still access healthcare via the SUS (Unified Health System) which improves their social determinants of health. 
2013 - Family Healthcare Program ]]> 2018-10-08 06:52:16 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290156998 The PSF is as a primary health care strategy centeredon the territory and the health needs of families andcommunities. The program works towards a transformativepractice in which health is the focal point ratherthan illness. The PSF targets inter-sectorial action,moving beyond the health care sector and dealing withsocial determinants of health. https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290157839 2018-10-08 06:55:46 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290157839 c. MexicoHealth Analysis View in online readerText size +-RecommendMexico is the world’s 11th largest pharmaceutical market and one of its most dynamic. Its performance in recent years depends on the metrics it is viewed from. In 2016 the market was worth $13.9bn, down from $17.2bn in 2014, according to data from IMSS health. Average cost of an emergency room visit. In general, health care costs vary widely depending on the doctor, hospital or the magnitude of the situation. However, you can expect to pay a basic sum of between 350-500 pesos for a visit to the doctor. (That's about US$18-25). https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290157914 Pharmaceutical expenditure
(% health expenditure) 32/33
https://oxfordbusinessgroup.com/analysis/thanks-recent-reforms-price-pharmaceuticals-has-fallen-dramatically-good-medicine]]> 2018-10-08 06:56:05 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/290157914 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/292662854 2018-10-15 05:27:25 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/292662854 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/292663196 http://www.mbsonline.gov.au/internet/mbsonline/publishing.nsf/Content/1BC94358D4F276D3CA257CCF0000AA73/%24File/201809-MBS.pdf]]> 2018-10-15 05:29:54 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/292663196 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/292663242 http://www.mbsonline.gov.au/internet/mbsonline/publishing.nsf/Content%20/5585350EF0E0D7D7CA257E1500082D59/%24File/201504-Allied.pdf]]> 2018-10-15 05:30:18 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/292663242 https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/295316641 2018-10-22 07:14:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/295316641 nathalia_kelly https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/295340914 2018-10-22 08:44:10 UTC https://padlet.com/nathalia_kelly/2glwc563i9xh/wish/295340914