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This activity is designed to teach basic function of the modal verb – “would/could”.

Materials: decorations, worksheets, modal dialogue

·Set 3 virtual booths (selling foods and knickknacks) in the classroom and tell students they are attending a carnival.

·Give each student a worksheet beforehand on which it is written the target language on how to make request and respond accordingly (e.g. What would you like to eat ? Could you…? May I ask…?)

·Before the stimulation, invite 2 students to read a modal dialogue between a stallholder and a customer.

·Choose 6 students as stallholders and rest students will be customers. 

·Stimulation starts. Students begin to ask about the price, make requests and make a bargain, etc. during the stimulation. Teachers walk around to check whether they use modal verbs correctly and give instant feedback.

·Wrap up the content and make sure students know the exact way to use modal verbs.

This activity is designed to exercise substantive clause (adverbial clause and subject clause for example).

Material: draft paper, excerpts from a book

·Students watch a video clip from the Game of Thrones.

·A teacher hands out each student an adapted excerpt from the book the Game of Thrones (the plot is same as the video clip). (*The modified version has 6-8 adverbial clauses and subject clauses.)

·Have students read the excerpt. After reading, induce them circling the adverbial modifier and subject of each clause.

·Ask students to continue to write stories that happen after the excerpt. The teacher should remind students they must use 6-8 adverbial clause and subject clause in their writing.

·Under the guidance of the teacher, students refine their drafts.

·Have students share their stories on the social media.