In addition, I would like to thank our instructors, friends and family who guided and encourage us in making this group assignment. I would like to thank the Information Management Lecturer, Madam Azura Binti Kamarudzzaman for guiding us to complete this group assignment. She gave guidelines on how to find information, how to write follow the format and it was very helpful to us. Without her guidelines on how, it is impossible for us to complete this task. Next, I would like to thank all my friends who have give good cooperation by helping each other if any of us have problem while doing this assignment. They also gave support and advice to each other so that we can kept the spirit to solve it.

Finally, I would also like to thank our parents who have always support, prayed for us and provides a comfortable learning environment when the world now facing a pandemic Covid-19 problem that is forcing us to study at home. I hope my group assignment will be accepted. All of my group have worked hard and do the best to complete this task.

            Next is archive. Archive is a collection of historical records. Archives contain key source documents accumulated over the life of an individual or organization. This document is kept to show the function of that person or organization. Professional archives and historians generally understand archives as records that have been produced naturally and necessarily produced as products of ordinary legal, administrative, commercial, or social activity. Archive consists of records that have been selected for permanent or long -term preservation on the grounds of cultural or historical value. Archival records are usually unpublished because they are not like books or magazines in which there are many similar copies. This suggests that archives are quite different from libraries in terms of their functions and organization, although archival collections are often found in library buildings.

              Besides is a record center. Record center is a building or facility that is specially designed and built to store and provide good services so that it can provide at the required time quickly, accurately and at low cost. Record center as an authentic and reliable source of information if not stored according to the correct rules will make it difficult for the organization when it needs the archive as a reference. Record centers as evidence of accountability and legal evidence will be a problem when not managed in a good management.

              Furthermore is a museum. Museum is a building used as a place for permanent exhibitions of objects that deserve public attention. The museum showcases ancient relics, historical objects, antiques, sculptures, manuscripts, etc. that come from areas throughout the archipelago. In the case of museums the benefits can be summarized in Educational, Innovative, Creative and Imaginative. All those benefits are based that the museum is indeed a source of information to the public, namely its visitors.

              Finally is Art galleries. Art galleries is a places where people have a shared interest in promoting and appreciating the art of aspiring or enduring artists. Painting is the most common type of art displayed in these places. Aspiring artists can use art galleries as a platform for them to gain recognition and appreciation for their work. Ambitious artists can use art galleries as a platform for them to gain recognition and appreciation for their work. The gallery also encourages aspiring artists to be confident and passionate to showcase their artwork. Many art lovers visit these places to admire and buy the works of various artists and this can motivate the artists. Examination of artwork is very beneficial for young first -time artists as they can get feedback on how to improve their work and see people’s reactions to their artwork. If the artwork is good, it will gain recognition among the society and even the world. Some artists even visit the gallery to get new ideas for their projects and people who want to be one can visit this gallery to know about the various techniques used by the artists, get ideas and inspiration. The gallery also holds art exhibitions for artists to showcase their skills.

The transition to the digital age poses significant challenges for information agencies. They should adapt to avoid becoming the dinosaurs of the future, attracting new and younger customers and developing new economic models. This necessitates significant adjustments in organisations, abilities, and, in some cases, attitudes. Information agencies also have a unique role to play in disseminating knowledge about their collections.

Those organisations developed in unison with their local and national histories. The importance of information agencies is created, shaped, and developed by political, economic, and social factors. We can find diversity and differences among those agencies. The most technologically advanced and well-equipped library is not always the most advanced in terms of encouraging public participation and democracy. Good examples can be found all over the world.

All information agencies were established with their own unique roles and purposes, as well as their own background and level of arrangements, but they were all bound by the same aim and focus on cultivating a knowing society and promoting lifelong learning.

      Additionally, a network was established of interested international Russian history experts to provide ongoing guidance to the online and educational aspects of AMP.

      In addition, a planning conference organized by the Library of Congress in Washington, DC, was held on 6 March 1998 at the Abamedia and Internews Network, an international, non-profit network supporting independent media in emerging democracies, in order to discuss with academic advisors and potential funders aspects of online Russian Archives service. The focus of the conference's academics was on visual material on Russian history. AMP's main recommendation was to focus first on making the Krasnogorsk Archive accessible while contacting and providing information about other image archives as needed. Asked for further information.


OBJECTIVE
To receive various copies of the relevant governmental or private records. Prepare and gather records and archives history. Collecting history mistrust of microform books like administrative security and protection at the border in Russia


VISION

To give our custody and control public access to records of the Federal Government. Public access to government records strengthens democracy by allowing Russia to claim citizenship rights, hold their government accountable and understand the history of their governments so as to be able to participate more effectively.


MISSION

We will be known for cutting-edge access to extraordinary volumes of government information and unprecedented engagement to bring greater meaning to the Russia experience.


AIM

The aim National Archive of Russia is to promote the management and use, through sharing, of experiences, research and ideas in the field of professional archiving and managing records and on the management and management of institutions, the preservation of the archive heritage of humanity around the world.

The main function of National Archives of Russia is to collect, preserve and organize Government's records and other materials of historical importance.

COLLECTIONS
Almost all of the classic Russian, Soviet and modern literature is represented by more than 100 collections and individual items

          Information Professional is someone who collects, records, organises, stores, preserves, retrieves, and disseminates printed or digital information. Information professionals work in a variety of private, public, and academic institutions, or independently.

            In archive of Russia they collect receive the relevant governmental or private records. Prepare and gather records and archives history. It also collects historical records – in any media – or the physical facility in which they are located. Archives contain primary source documents that have accumulated over the course of an individual or organization's lifetime, and are kept to show the function of that person or organization. Furthermore, record are documents in any form that are made or received and maintained by National Archive in Russia.

            Archival institutions can be termed either "archives" or "manuscript repositories" depending on the types of documentary material they contain and how it is acquired. "Archives" traditionally have been those institutions responsible for the long-term care of the historical records of the organization or institution of which they are a part.(7) Many archives are public institutions responsible for the records of continuing value of a government or governmental body. The National Archives of Russia is examples of public archives at the national level. Public archives also may be found at every other level of government, including state or province, county, and municipal levels.


INFORMATION SERVICE

             Information Services is considering offering an archival research service to assist faculty, graduate students and research professionals. Dedicated to supplying uncommon Information from extraordinary places for academic, corporate, legal and government needs, East View’s plans include essential updating and expansion of ABB in consultation with Dr. Patricia Kennedy Grimsted, an Associate of the Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies and the Ukrainian Research Institute at Harvard University, and an Honorary Fellow of the International Institute of Social History (IISH) in Amsterdam.


TARGET USERS
Any Russian citizen or any state over the age of 14 can become a user. It is not only important for the archive to extend and make its collections as accessible as possible, while ensuring that rare and valuable editions are preserved.

          Facilities in National Archive of Russia is provide Records Storage Environments. Record storage is inactive records storage and it is up and running, there are a number of internal controls, procedures and practices that need to be put in place to manage the facility on a longer-term basis. This includes knowing when to transfer records, getting control over records coming into the storage area, operating a retrieval service and controlling their destruction or processing as archives.

          Next, Archival Finishes is a opportunity to provide the best records storage environments permissible using recent technological advances. In addition to focusing on temperatures, relative humilities, and the air filtration system, attempted to identify and eliminate materials that could give off substances that might damage archival records stored in the stacks. In addition, National Archive of Russia provide a Fire Protection. Fire Protection is to protect the archival record stored at archive system interface. Among the security systems developed are sprinkler systems, fire detection and alarm systems, and portable compact shelving systems.

           Lastly, they have a security because they must safeguard the permanently valuable records of the Federal Government. So National Archive of Russia have security to protect staff and archival records alike from such threats as theft, unauthorized disclosure of classified information, sabotage, and espionage.


BUILDING DESIGN & LANDSCAPE
  Landscape architecture of National Archive of Russia, the profession of landscape architecture has been built on the principles of dedication to the public safety, health and welfare; and recognition and protection of the land and its resources This building have 9 levels which is all levels have a fire protection such as fire detection and alarm systems, and portable compact shelving systems.

          The Biblioteca Joanina in Portugal is an example of a Baroque library. Gaspar Ferreira, the architects, successfully completed the project in 1728. This library was erected on top of the old building as part of the School of Coimbra. The inside is lavishly adorned with gold and costly paintings, plasterwork, and sculpture. There are three rooms in the library.

         The three chambers are there solely for effect, not so much for structural reasons. Each area conveys a distinct message. The first chamber is devoted to medieval literature. The second chamber is dedicated to the study of law and hard science. Theologian and canon law texts are kept in the third chamber. The chambers are divided by arches. They are built of wood and plaster and are painted to resemble brick.

         Architects may use paint and powder methods to make virtually anything seem more like sandstone or granite. They employed this approach to get a rich look at a low cost.

         The builders and planners used a lot of color in this library to make people feel dramatic, and they added cherubs and painted ceilings to complete the look. Timber separating walls provide for extra shelf space while also concealing the steep flight of steps leading to the gallery on each side of the room.

           In 1716, the university rector asked from King Joo V some basic library modifications in order to house additional works on theological, psychology, and law obtained as part of the institution's new curriculum. The King, on the other hand, regarded this as a chance to raise the bar and granted permission to the institution to build a new, contemporary library.

The ceremonies held at the Baroque Library should be culturally, scientifically, or technologically significant. As a result, the goal of this thesis is to investigate and assess the thermal and acoustic characteristics at the Joanina Library. The major goal is to identify significant impediments.

To give unbiased professional opinions and guidance on all issues concerning the growth of libraries, information centres, and the profession. Not only that, In all elements of the library and information profession and services, create and promote standards.

MISSION
The bibliographic and documentary heritage's protection, enrichment, technological treatment, and distribution. Through the supply of its materials and a bibliography information system, it supports university and non-university research and education.

To be known globally as a research institution whose high-quality knowledge creation impacts the educational process and increases information exchange with society, and which responds to everyone's issues and contributes without reservations to an environmental sustainability.

From the breadth of the outer walls to the inner woods, the entire structure is designed to preserve the bibliographical material. There are two tiny bat colony that protect the collecting of bibliophagous insects, which are still helping to preserve the books. From 1777 through the mid - century, it was utilized as a study. With beginning of the current year, XX with the opening of the present-day General Library.


FUNCTIONS

It is now one of the world's most important archive library. It houses 56,000 books, the majority of which originate from the fifteenth to the eighteenth centuries. The library was placed on the World Heritage List in 2013 as a symbol of the value of intelligence and understanding. It keeps its original purpose while simultaneously acting as a museum and a venue for cultural activities. 

Water penetration, humid, and salt eclogite have to be better managed at the site when the Joanine Library was added to the 2014 World Monuments Watch in order to provide an indoor environment suitable for the building's book collection and delicate construction components. Improved project manager would allow these objectives to be met while simultaneously enhancing visitor accessibility, resulting in a win-win situation.

ORGANIZATION CHARTS

50,000 volumes, most written and the others published, spanning the 15th through the 19th century. Books in medicine, geography, history, humanistic studies, physics, civil and canon law, philosophy, and religion are one of the titles available.

       The Library will assign a person to each event who will be responsible for assisting the event's preparations. The event organizer will be required to obey that person's instructions. Academic libraries' primary function is to support higher education research and teaching needs, however they may also have other roles.

       Maintain the image of the organization for fairness, ability, and secrecy. Becoming an informational profession is a difficult endeavour. Not only do you need a good educational background, but you also need a lot of experience working in a library. Their duties, responsibilities, and contributions to the success of a digital project


INFORMATION SERVICES

       Information services include not just solutions where librarians actively provide information to users, but also interface designed by librarians and tailored to users so that users may locate information on their own. Users request receptive information services (sometimes known as collective information services), which are supplied in response. The user may make the request in person, over the phone, by email, or through other means e-mail. Requests may be for basic information about library, its services, or its patron’s layout, how to join, how to utilise the catalogue, or for locating an answer to a specific inquiry or retrieving a specific document as from libraries.

        The objective of information services is to give the user with the information they are looking for. User demands should be anticipated and met by information services. It should raise user understanding of information resources' ability to meet specific information demands.


TARGET USERS

        Teenagers are the library's primary audience. The existing surveys of adult’s library using reveal three key trends: women use libraries more than males, and individuals with higher levels education use libraries more than those with a poor income. Many youngsters are escorted by parents to the library. Most current cultural habits research, among other things, maps library uses among the sections utilised by Gallup.

        As a result, the modern society sector accounts for 20.9 percent of the market, compared to 3.7 percent for the conventional individual-oriented section. This difference is crucial to the usage of culture as a whole. If the library's usage by diverse segments is to change, more clearly profiled offerings must be provided alongside those used by historically strong society current segments.

 FACILITIES

In heritage structures, adapting spaces to multiple usage archetypes can be difficult. Facilities were designed for a certain type of use and require special steps to guarantee a comfortable interior environment when that use is altered. Passively methods, such as air conditioning, are often utilised as an alternate to installing equipment. Unfortunately, its execution frequently results in poor results. As a result, it's critical to identify the major roadblocks to attaining comfort conditions in repurposed historic structures. The current study looks on the thermal comfort conditions observed by employees in office spaces within the University of Coimbra's ancient structure.

Between May September 2020, a monitoring programme was conducted to measure the quality of indoor environments. Because to the present COVID-19 epidemic, offices were not fully occupied. On August 19, 2020, a climatic analyser was used to conduct a one-day assessment of thermal comfort, and six occupants were assessed. The primary findings revealed that warming of areas causes pain. The causes were a result of a mix of poor execution of free cooling measures and facility usage. It was also suggested that, in the event of maximum capacity, HVAC systems be installed.


BUILDING DESIGN AND LANDSCAPE

            Article During King Joo V's reign, the Joanine Library (the "Old Library") at Portugal's University of Coimbra was erected between 1717 and 1728. With exception of the roof, many of interior surfaces of the Joanine Library—columns, walls, bookshelves, and doors—are painted black or vermillion “japanning” and adorned in Chinese-style patterns known as “chinoiserie.” 

            In this article, I describe the findings of my investigation into this interior, including why japanning and chinoiserie were chosen for the interior decoration, as well as some of the key design aspects I discovered within these. Relationships between other global areas and Europe clearly characterised the sites where art was made in both those regions, but at the time, there were no avenues of trade.

            Created with gold and wood imported from Brazil, the Old Libraries at the University of Coimbra has a fully European baroque look outside but is adorned in chinoiserie on the inside. We can see the effects of an endeavour to incorporate parts of the Old Library, which was driven only by intellectual curiosity and not by Western aspirations of discovery or conquering of a different culture and a new aesthetic.

       Museum, institution dedicated to preserving and interpreting the primary tangible evidence of humankind and the environment. In its preserving of this primary evidence, the museum differs markedly from the library, with which it has often been compared, for the items housed in a museum are mainly unique and constitute the raw material of study and research. In many cases they are removed in time, place, and circumstance from their original context, and they communicate directly to the viewer in a way not possible through other media. Museums have been founded for a variety of purposes: to serve as recreational facilities, scholarly venues, or educational resources to contribute to the quality of life of the areas where they are situated to attract tourism to a region to promote civic pride or nationalistic endeavour; or even to transmit overtly ideological concepts. Given such a variety of purposes, museums reveal remarkable diversity in form, content, and even function. Yet, despite such diversity, they are bound by a common goal the preservation and interpretation of some material aspect of society’s cultural consciousness.


OBJECTIVE

To meet this vision, it is the objective of the Museum to undertake more marketing, effective research, documentation, and presentation of historical artefacts, and the development of activities aimed at stimulating interest in culture and the arts. To this end, the museum envisages as its immediate objectives the following areas preservation, education, management of, and fiscal responsibility for, the culture of its community. Maintain and develop facilities which protect the collections in a controlled environment, free of congestion, with regulated light, temperature and humidity levels and safe from damage by pests.Create an environment which presents the nation’s history and culture in an effective and inviting atmosphere.Expand community awareness of the role of the museum through education programmes.Landowners to assist in the identification, research and interpretation of sites in order to protect valuable heritage sites and generate revenue for landowners

Museums are expected to have a formally stated and approved mission that states what the museum does, for whom, and why. A museum’s mission statement is the primary benchmark against which to evaluate the museum’s performance. It defines the museum’s unique identity and purpose, and provides a distinct focus for the institution. A mission statement articulates the museum’s understanding of its role and responsibility to the public and its collections, and reflects the environment in which it exists.

VISION
The Museum will become known as a world-class museum. It will enhance this reputation by working locally, nationally and internationally to maintain and strengthen its focus on the diverse cultures of Fiji. It will be a place where the tangible and intangible heritage of these cultures is safeguarded and made accessible to community members and researchers. Its innovative and imaginative exhibitions and programmes will serve local communities and be a significant draw for all visitors. It will make a difference in people’s lives.


FUNCTION/ ACTIVITY

         The purpose of modern museums is to collect, preserve, interpret, and display objects of artistic, cultural, or scientific significance for the education of the public. From a visitor or community perspective, the purpose can also depend on one's point of view. A trip to a local history museum or large city art museum can be an entertaining and enlightening way to spend the day. To city leaders, a healthy museum community can be seen as a gauge of the economic health of a city, and a way to increase the sophistication of its inhabitants. To a museum professional, a museum might be seen as a way to educate the public about the museum's mission, such as civil rights or environmentalism. Museums are, above all, storehouses of knowledge. In 1829, James Smithson's bequest, that would fund the Smithsonian Institution, stated he wanted to establish an institution "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge’.

          Museums of natural history in the late 19th century exemplified the Victorian desire for consumption and for order. Gathering all examples of each classification of a field of knowledge for research and for display was the purpose. As American colleges grew in the 19th century, they developed their own natural history collections for the use of their students. By the last quarter of the 19th century, the scientific research in the universities was shifting toward biological research on a cellular level, and cutting-edge research moved from museums to university laboratories. While many large museums, such as the Smithsonian Institution, are still respected as research centers, research is no longer a main purpose of most museums. While there is an ongoing debate about the purposes of interpretation of a museum's collection, there has been a consistent mission to protect and preserve cultural artifacts for future generations. Much care, expertise, and expense is invested in preservation efforts to retard decomposition in aging documents, artifacts, artworks, and buildings. All museums display objects that are important to a culture. As historian Steven Conn writes, "To see the thing itself, with one's own eyes and in a public place, surrounded by other people having some version of the same experience can be enchanting."An example of a very small museum: A maritime museum located in the village of Bolungarvík, Vestfirðir, Iceland showing a 19th-century fishing base, typical boat of the period, and associated industrial buildings.

          Museum purposes vary from institution to institution. Some favor education over conservation, or vice versa. For example, in the 1970s, the Canada Science and Technology Museum favored education over preservation of their objects. They displayed objects as well as their functions. One exhibit featured a historic printing press that a staff member used for visitors to create museum memorabilia.[8] Some seek to reach a wide audience, such as a national or state museum, while some museums have specific audiences, like the LDS Church History Museum or local history organizations. Generally speaking, museums collect objects of significance that comply with their mission statement for conservation and display.Although most museums do not allow physical contact with the associated artifacts, there are some that are interactive and encourage a more hands-on approach. In 2009, Hampton Court Palace, palace of Henry VIII, opened the council room to the general public to create an interactive environment for visitors. Rather than allowing visitors to handle 500-year-old objects, the museum created replicas, as well as replica costumes. The daily activities, historic clothing, and even temperature changes immerse the visitor in a slice of what Tudor life may have been.

            The statutes of the International Council of Museums (ICOM), adopted in 1970, define a museum as "a non-profit, permanent institution in the service of society and its development, open to the public, which acquires, conserves, researches, communicates and exhibits the tangible and intangible heritage of humanity and its environment for the purposes of education, study and enjoyment". A proposed change to this definition, which would have museums actively engage with political and social issues, was postponed in 2020 after substantial opposition from ICOM members.


COLLECTIONS
The collection now comprises only some 2,000 works, but it is regarded by many as the most representative sampling of European painting in the world. It has the most comperhensive collection of Italian renaissance paintings outside Italy, with works by most of the great Florentine and Venetian masters of that period. There are also impressive holdings of works by various British, Dutch, French, Spanish, and Flemish painters from the 15th to the 19th century. Among the artists represented are Leonardo,Raphael, and Vermeer. The museum’s small collection of French impressioniest and Postimpressionist paintings is notable, and most of the works are exhibited.


INFORMATION SERVICES
The theme of National Palace Museum Taipei is historic sites,art and cultural centers,family activities and also Northern Taiwan.This  National Palace Museum Taipei is about family and campus teaching especially for student and teacher.The suggest month for visitior is all year .We can visit this place every day except on Monday.Services and facilities are they have shopping place,toilet,parking,lost and found,locker and broadcast services.


TARGET USERS
At our museum, we've started shifting to #1 as an aspirational goal. This is that vision of inclusion that inspired me years ago. We got our hands on our local census data (free and easy). When we collect demographic data about participants, we measure it against the census figures. This helps us with program planning: we know who we are "under-engaging" and can work to involve them. It helps with fundraising: we can talk knowledgeably about how our visitors line up to the age, income, and ethnic diversity of our County. But as we've continued working on #1, I started wondering about  What if there is a group that is particularly marginalized, underrepresented, or underserved when it comes to the arts.For example, there is good research suggesting that school field trips to art museums are disproportionately valuable for students from poor and rural backgrounds. Does this mean that we should try to make school tours disproportionately accessible to these students? If the opportunity for impact is greater, should we go there? If the cost of doing so is more,

BUILDING AND LANDSCAPE

        The National Gallery is an art museum in Trafalgar Square in the City of Westminister, in Central London. Founded in 1824, it houses a collection of over 2,300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900.The Gallery is an exempt charity, and a non-departmental public body of the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. Its collection belongs to the government on behalf of the British public, and entry to the main collection is free of charge. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic it attracted only 1,197,143 visitors, a drop of 50 percent from 2019, but it still ranked eighth on the list of most-visited art museums in the world.

        Unlike comparable museums in continental Europe, the National Gallery was not formed by nationalising an existing royal or princely art collection. It came into being when the British government bought 38 paintings from the heirs of John Julius Angerstein in 1824. After that initial purchase the Gallery was shaped mainly by its early directors, especially Sir Charles Lock Eastlake, and by private donations, which now account for two-thirds of the collection. The collection is smaller than many European national galleries, but encyclopaedic in scope; most major developments in Western painting "from Giotto to Cézanne" are represented with important works. It used to be claimed that this was one of the few national galleries that had all its works on permanent exhibition,but this is no longer the case.

         The present building, the third to house the National Gallery, was designed by William Wilkins from 1832 to 1838. Only the facade onto Trafalgar Square remains essentially unchanged from this time, as the building has been expanded piecemeal throughout its history. Wilkins's building was often criticised for the perceived weaknesses of its design and for its lack of space; the latter problem led to the establishment of the Tate Gallery for British art in 1897.

 
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART