The Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE) was the longest-lasting of China's dynasties. It followed the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600-1046 BCE) and it finished when the army of the state of Qin captured the city of Chengzhou in 256 BCE.Jan 3, 2014

Origins of the Xiongnu
The Xiongnu (Hongnu in Old Chinese, Xwn in Soghdian, probably Old Turkic Qun), also known as the Asiatic Huns, were one of the nomadic peoples of Ancient Central Asia. They're thought to have descended from various Turkic peoples known as Xianyun, Xunyu and Hongyu, yet all the knowledge we have come from Chinese sources written centuries later. However, as time passed, the name Xiongnu was applied to the Xiongnu’s subjects too.Attempts to identify the Xiongnu with later groups of the western Eurasian Steppe remain controversial. Scythians and Sarmatians were concurrently to the west. The identity of the ethnic core of Xiongnu has been a subject of varied hypotheses, because only a few words, mainly titles and personal names, were preserved in the Chinese sources. The name Xiongnu may be cognate with that of the Huns and/or the Huna,^[5] although this is disputed.^[6][7] Other linguistic links – all of them also controversial – proposed by scholars include Iranian,^{[8][9][10][11][12]} Mongolic,^[13] Turkic,^[14][15] Uralic^[16] Yeniseian,^[6][17] or multi-ethnic.^[18]

A city of southern China on the Pearl River Delta near the South China Sea. The capital of Guangdong province, it wasa treaty port after the Opium War (1839-1842).