English Diary by Gurgen Soghoyan https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh en-us 2023-02-26 08:39:32 UTC 2025-12-07 11:54:58 UTC hello@padlet.com Sensory adaptation gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495148995 R. Romo and V. de Lafuente, ‘Conversion of sensory signals into perceptual decisions’, Progress in neurobiology, vol. 103, pp. 41–75, 2013.


]]> 2023-02-26 08:40:23 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495148995 Sensory detection gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495149120 R. Romo and V. de Lafuente, ‘Conversion of sensory signals into perceptual decisions’, Progress in neurobiology, vol. 103, pp. 41–75, 2013.

]]> 2023-02-26 08:40:32 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495149120 Sensory discrimination gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495149211 R. Romo and V. de Lafuente, ‘Conversion of sensory signals into perceptual decisions’, Progress in neurobiology, vol. 103, pp. 41–75, 2013.


]]> 2023-02-26 08:40:42 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495149211 Sensory decision making gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495149753 special type of experiments where animals must learn to integrate relevant sensory signals while ignoring a large number of task-irrelevant covariates.


N. A. Roy, J. H. Bak, T. I. B. Laboratory, A. Akrami, C. D. Brody, and J. W. Pillow, ‘Extracting the dynamics of behavior in sensory decision-making experiments’, Neuron, vol. 109, no. 4, pp. 597–610, 2021.



https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627320309636
]]> 2023-02-26 08:41:16 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495149753 Sensory atenntuation gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495149831 the phenomenon where it was shown that voluntary actions result in attenuation of the action′s sensory effect with the notorious example  that it is difficult to tickle oneself. Sensory attenuation has been thought to result from efferent motor signals predicting the sensory consequences of the upcoming action. Predicted effect and actual sensory feedback are compared: if they correspond, the reafferences that have been anticipated are “canceled“.

C. Roussel, G. Hughes, and F. Waszak, ‘A preactivation account of sensory attenuation’, Neuropsychologia, vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 922–929, 2013.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S002839321300047X?casa_token=X6GegYlLFrkAAAAA:DJHUH3W-CJXgs9yEVtwZHd5_l5Se_trJvQ0CD2BwRPJkH6m-u_4wuZfFPTzmSePX19OFe3p-IEE]]> 2023-02-26 08:41:33 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495149831 Intentional boundary gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495149917 2023-02-26 08:41:43 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495149917 Что-то там про congruency gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495150067 2023-02-26 08:41:55 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495150067 Laminectomy gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495150314 Laminectomy is surgery that creates space by removing bone spurs and tissues associated with arthritis of the spine. It usually involves removing a small piece of the back part (lamina) of the small bones of the spine (vertebrae).


N. E. Epstein, ‘Laminectomy for cervical myelopathy’, Spinal cord, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 317–327, 2003.

https://www.nature.com/articles/3101477]]> 2023-02-26 08:42:31 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495150314 Hysteresis gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495150645 2023-02-26 08:42:50 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2495150645 Embodiment gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2499153413 process that leads to integration of a foreign object into the pre-existent neural infrastructure supporting the body

J. Zbinden, E. Lendaro, and M. Ortiz-Catalan, ‘Prosthetic embodiment: systematic review on definitions, measures, and experimental paradigms’, Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 37, 2022.

]]> 2023-03-01 08:09:46 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2499153413 Sense of ownershio gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2499153553 2023-03-01 08:09:55 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2499153553 High- threshold mechanoreceptor neurons (HTMRs) gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2514181530
sensory neurons that encode harmful mechanical stimuli

L. L. Orefice, ‘Peripheral somatosensory neuron dysfunction: emerging roles in autism spectrum disorders’, Neuroscience, vol. 445, pp. 120–129, 2020.

]]> 2023-03-13 10:28:48 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2514181530 Low-threshold mechanoreceptor neurons (LTMRs) gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2514182234 sensory neurons that respond to innocuous mechanical stimuli.


L. L. Orefice, ‘Peripheral somatosensory neuron dysfunction: emerging roles in autism spectrum disorders’, Neuroscience, vol. 445, pp. 120–129, 2020.]]> 2023-03-13 10:29:30 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2514182234 Vibrotactile adaptation gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2514208578 is followed by significant improvement of the capacity of
subjects to discriminate the amplitude and frequency of
vibrotactile stimuli when the frequencies of the adapting
and standard stimuli are similar

V. Tannan, B. L. Whitsel, and M. A. Tommerdahl, ‘Vibrotactile adaptation enhances spatial localization’, Brain research, vol. 1102, no. 1, pp. 109–116, 2006.


]]> 2023-03-13 10:54:57 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2514208578 Two-interval forced-choice (2IFC) tracking paradigm gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2514211801 an adapting stimulus (either 5 or 0.5 s in duration), (2) a standard stimulus (0.5 s) delivered at the same site as the adapting stimulus, and
(3) a test stimulus (0.5 s) delivered to a skin site different from
the standard stimulus. Duration of the inter-stimulus (ISI) and
inter-trial (ITI) intervals was held constant for all runs at 2 and
30 s, respectively

V. Tannan, B. L. Whitsel, and M. A. Tommerdahl, ‘Vibrotactile adaptation enhances spatial localization’, Brain research, vol. 1102, no. 1, pp. 109–116, 2006.]]> 2023-03-13 10:58:07 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2514211801 Sensory compensation gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2514217992 the process of neural and behavioral reorganization following sensory loss is known as sensory compensation.

M. Pieniak, K. Lachowicz-Tabaczek, M. Karwowski, and A. Oleszkiewicz, ‘Sensory compensation beliefs among blind and sighted individuals’, Scandinavian journal of psychology, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 72–82, 2022.]]> 2023-03-13 11:04:17 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2514217992 Fibrosis (fibrotic scarring) gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2514225659 is a pathological wound healing in which connective tissue replaces normal parenchymal tissue to the extent that it goes unchecked, leading to considerable tissue remodelling and the formation of permanent scar tissue.

T. A. Wynn, ‘Fibrotic disease and the TH1/TH2 paradigm’, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 583–594, 2004.]]> 2023-03-13 11:11:00 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2514225659 Evoked compound AP (eCAP) gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2531393023 resulting neural signal from action potentials of many axons that comes as superposition of the action potentials (AP).  In this case the amplitude of the eCAP will be much larger than that of a single AP (∼100 µV for cuffs), see figure 6(a) for an exemplar recording of both spontaneous APs and eCAPs.

R. G. L. Koh, J. Zariffa, L. Jabban, S.-C. Yen, N. Donaldson, and B. W. Metcalfe, ‘Tutorial: A guide to techniques for analysing recordings from the peripheral nervous system’, Journal of Neural Engineering, 2022.]]> 2023-03-25 17:33:09 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2531393023 Rectified-bin-integration (RBI) approach gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2531394936 the approach in processing of electroneurographical (ENG) signal that aims to simply detect the presence of neural activity. It relies on an assumption that windows that contain neural activity, as well as noise, produce higher values than those that only contain noise. The methods results in a decreased temporal resolution.

R. G. L. Koh, J. Zariffa, L. Jabban, S.-C. Yen, N. Donaldson, and B. W. Metcalfe, ‘Tutorial: A guide to techniques for analysing recordings from the peripheral nervous system’, Journal of Neural Engineering, 2022.


]]> 2023-03-25 17:37:53 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2531394936 PNI Selectivity gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2531395695 refers to the ability of the peripheral nerve interfaces (PNI) to stimulate, or record from, specific axons, fascicles, or nerves, whilst being insensitive to off-target axons, fascicles, or nerves. Depending on the application, the desired stimulation selectivity may differ from the recording selectivity; for example, two different electrodes may be used to stimulate and record in the same prosthesis and the overall selectivity may vary from one application to another.

R. G. L. Koh, J. Zariffa, L. Jabban, S.-C. Yen, N. Donaldson, and B. W. Metcalfe, ‘Tutorial: A guide to techniques for analysing recordings from the peripheral nervous system’, Journal of Neural Engineering, 2022.]]> 2023-03-25 17:39:57 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2531395695 PNI Stability gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2531396458 the ability of peripheral nerve interface (PNI) to inflict as little physiological or histological damage to the tissue as possible. These properties are governed by factors such as the mismatch of mechanical properties between the tissue and the electrode, as well as the immunological reaction of the tissue to different materials and surface treatments.

R. G. L. Koh, J. Zariffa, L. Jabban, S.-C. Yen, N. Donaldson, and B. W. Metcalfe, ‘Tutorial: A guide to techniques for analysing recordings from the peripheral nervous system’, Journal of Neural Engineering, 2022.]]> 2023-03-25 17:41:40 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2531396458 Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2531400358 is a method that can provide fascicular-level selectivity with an extraneural approach using electrodes distributed around the nerve. EIT is an emerging medical imaging technique in which changes in the impedance of a conductive volume, such as a nerve, may be imaged using an array of external electrodes. In this method, a flexible, cylindrical, multi-electrode cuff is placed around a nerve, and the imaging technique of fast EIT is applied to image the activity within the fascicles. Changes in impedance caused by small decreases in bulk tissue resistance occur as ion channels open and close, and these can be detected (with some averaging) using the external electrodes.

R. G. L. Koh, J. Zariffa, L. Jabban, S.-C. Yen, N. Donaldson, and B. W. Metcalfe, ‘Tutorial: A guide to techniques for analysing recordings from the peripheral nervous system’, Journal of Neural Engineering, 2022.]]> 2023-03-25 17:49:43 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2531400358 Microelectroneurography gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540760344  is the method to record impulse traffic in peripheral nerves of human subjects.

A. B. Vallbo, K.-E. Hagbarth, and B. G. Wallin, ‘Microneurography: how the technique developed and its role in the investigation of the sympathetic nervous system’, Journal of applied physiology, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 1262–1269, 2004.

https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/japplphysiol.00470.2003]]> 2023-04-01 18:23:12 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540760344 Population Coding Theory gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540760625 2023-04-01 18:24:00 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540760625 Sensory Integration Theory: gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540760818 2023-04-01 18:24:32 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540760818 Two-point threshold theory: gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761035 2023-04-01 18:25:09 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761035 Neural Tuning Theory: gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761123 2023-04-01 18:25:24 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761123 Bayesian Inference Theory: gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761134 2023-04-01 18:25:26 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761134 Sparse Coding Theory: gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761307 2023-04-01 18:25:51 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761307 Active Touch Theory: gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761343 2023-04-01 18:25:59 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761343 Predictive Coding Theory gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761428 2023-04-01 18:26:12 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761428 Embodied Cognition Theory: gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761573 2023-04-01 18:26:38 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761573 ephaptic coupling gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761836 2023-04-01 18:27:26 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540761836 compound muscle action potential (C gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540762405 2023-04-01 18:29:00 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540762405 fascicle-specific targeting (FAST) technique. gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540852127 2023-04-01 22:57:43 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540852127 Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540852138 a neurosurgical approach  that implies a small, autologous partial muscle graft being reinnervated by a transected peripheral nerve branch. Following initial implantation, the muscle graft temporarily degenerates due to lack of innervation and vascularization. During this time, cells in the graft periphery are sustained via diffusion from the surrounding tissue [15]. Over the course of several months, the graft is revascularized, regenerates (creating new, healthy muscle fibers), and is reinnervated by the transplanted nerve through axonal sprouting and elongation within the graft.


Z. T. Irwin et al., ‘Chronic recording of hand prosthesis control signals via a regenerative peripheral nerve interface in a rhesus macaque’, Journal of neural engineering, vol. 13, no. 4, p. 046007, 2016.

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1088/1741-2560/13/4/046007]]> 2023-04-01 22:57:46 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2540852138 Muscle flaps gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2541050390 the biomaterial harvested from a patient’s healthy muscles and transplanted to the site of injury
to overcome the consequences of a significant tissue damage.  Although this method is efficient, it has several drawbacks, such as donor site morbidity and limited muscle availability.

T. Kaufman et al., ‘Innervation of an engineered muscle graft for reconstruction of muscle defects’, American Journal of Transplantation, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 37–47, 2019.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1600613522088979]]> 2023-04-02 10:56:24 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2541050390 gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2541240350 A myofibric tissue that is constructed from a triculture of myoblasts, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts seeded onto 3D biodegradable scaffolds. The grafts are cultured in vitro for up to 3 weeks to allow for myotube assembly from myoblasts. Endothelial cells and fibroblasts are added to support vascular integration into the host and to enhance the host angiogenic response after transplantation to a murine muscle defect.

T. Kaufman et al., ‘Innervation of an engineered muscle graft for reconstruction of muscle defects’, American Journal of Transplantation, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 37–47, 2019.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1600613522088979]]> 2023-04-02 17:05:42 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2541240350 scar tissue gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2541241189 2023-04-02 17:07:37 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2541241189 fusimotor system gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2543506914 https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/jn.00933.2017]]> 2023-04-04 10:31:35 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2543506914 γ-system gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2543507192 2023-04-04 10:32:02 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2543507192 juxtaneural gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2543520631 2023-04-04 10:51:44 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2543520631 invasive nerve splitting approach gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2543522511 2023-04-04 10:54:37 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2543522511 M response gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2543563592 2023-04-04 11:50:47 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2543563592 antidromic excitation gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2543563746 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mus.10149]]> 2023-04-04 11:50:59 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2543563746 Engram gsogoyan98 https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2549868439 An engram is a unit of cognitive information imprinted in a physical substance, theorized to be the means by which memories are stored as biophysical or biochemical changes in the brain or other biological tissue, in response to external stimuli.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627317304567#bib20]]> 2023-04-11 08:14:14 UTC https://padlet.com/gsogoyan98/20wziz2fwuxaxlmh/wish/2549868439