Unit 1 : America's Philosophy of Rights Timeline by Abdelrahman Ahmed

Scientific Revolution 1543–1750

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 14:58:54 UTC

The rise of new scientific methods and new experimintations on the human body that led to many achievements. Thanks to the scientifc revolution, we got a better understanding of the human body.

Age of Enlightenment 18th century

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 15:03:07 UTC

It was the age where philosphers emphasized reason, individualism, and skepticism over tradition and faith. It inspired the idea of liberty, equality, and property. These ideas were what led to the begging of the American and French revolution.

Issac Newton 1643-1727

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 15:06:20 UTC

He is known for his laws of motion, discovery of gravity, and his developtment of calculas. Such discovries helped scientists advance even more and his laws of motion apply to us to this day.

John hunter 1728-1793

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 15:49:34 UTC

A scottish surgeon who is known as the father of modern surgery. He transformed medicine through his experimental observation approach to surgery anatomy. He helped us have understanding of the human anatomy and how it works.

Montesquieu 1689-1755

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 15:57:29 UTC

He is known for his theory of sepration of power which is implented in many constituations. He also invented the theory on the influence of climate, and devlepoed the idea of the government understanding the health of the public.

Voltaire 1694-1778

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He was a french philosophor who wanted freedom of speech, religion, and separation of church and state. One of his achievements toward public health was his advocacy for smallpox inoculation.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau 1712-1778

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 17:00:11 UTC

He was an 18th century philosophor who had theories on the natural goodness of humanity corrupted by society, and influential political and educational ideas. He also created The Social Contract. His thoughts inspired the French revoultion.

Benjamin Franklin 1706-1790

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 17:06:22 UTC

He was a famous as a scientist and diplomat, he invented the lighting rode and he was known as one of the founding fathers of the United States, he is also known for being on 100 dollar bill. He helped the improvement of public health thorugh championing smallpox inoculation.

Cotton Mather 1663-1728

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 17:11:05 UTC

He was man known for his witch trials in salem. His achievement toward the advancement of public health was championing the practice of smallpox inoculation when the epidemic occured in Boston in 1721.

Colonial Sanitation Laws 17th century

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During the colonial period, New York City struggled with waste management and sanitation, leading to public health laws that were largely reactive and inconsistently enforced. Laws were first passed in the 17th century to address the most flagrant abuses, but unsanitary conditions became a severe problem as the city's population grew.

American Revolution Smallpox Inoculations 1775-1776

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 17:21:56 UTC

During the war of the American revolution, Genral Washington lost many soliders to the virus of smallpox. He then took a risky move to help gain immunity against the virus, and it was by infecting a live virus to the soliders to make them gain immunity against it. It was a very risky move that could´ve risked him his army but it was succes in help them gain immunity against the smallpox.

Declaration of Independence ratified 1776

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 17:25:49 UTC

The Declaration of Independence was officially signed on July 4, 1776 where it marked the sepration from Great Britain. It established the 13 colonies as independent states.The public had to wait until 1777 to see the virsion listing the actual signers.

U.S. Constitution is ratified 1788

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 17:44:54 UTC

The U.S. Contituation was officaly signed on June 21, 1788. The General Welfare Clause, located in Article I, Section 8, Clause 1, grants Congress the power to collect taxes and spend money to provide for the common defense and the general welfare of the nation.

Bill of Rights ratified 1791

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 17:48:14 UTC

The Bill of Rights was officially signed on December 16, 1791. The Bill of Rights was proposed by Congress on September 25, 1789. This process followed significant debate from Antifederalists who feared a lack of protection for individual liberties under the original Constitution.

John Locke 1632-1704

1066526_1 — 2025-09-19 17:57:10 UTC

John Locke was one of the Enlightment thinkers who inspired the American revoultion, through his belifies on life, liberty, and property. His influence on medical empiricism was a great contribuation to public health.