Author: Maria Christina B. Araujo, and Monica F. Costa

Source: ASU library / Netherlands: Elsevier Inc

Date Published: May 2019

In “A critical review of the issue of cigarettes butt pollution in coastal environments”, Maria Christina B. Araujo, and Monica F. Costa (2019) discuss an issue of cigarettes butt pollution in coastal environments and solution of it. Cigarette butts are the item which is most frequently littered in beaches. This issue is related to littering in urban areas with high population densities because they are transported by wind and runoff though drainage systems there. Cigarette butts would affect out health, coastal environment, and biota, so their pollution is connected with serious social and economic damages. To solve the issue, it is effective to adopt policies, campaigns, infrastructures and legislations to improve our, especially smoker’s, awareness, toward the issue (Maria Christina B. Araujo, & Monica F. Costa, 2019).

 

 

Author Rath, Jessica M ; Rubenstein, Rebecca A ; Curry, Laurel E ; Shank, Sarah E ; Cartwright, Julia

Source  ASU library 
Data published 2012,06 

In “Cigarettes litter: smokers attitudes and behaviors,” Rath, Jessica M ; Rubenstein, Rebecca A ; Curry, Laurel E ; Shank, Sarah E ; Cartwright, Julia, 2012, writs about smokers behavior and attitude. Cigarettes are very harmful to the environment. However, there are a lot of people who litter cigarettes. By conducting survey, majority of smokers still do not have recognized cigarettes butts as litter or waste. These people three and half times likely litter compared to people who have never littered cigarettes. This means education about cigarettes is still needed. 
Takaharu Usui