https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4 en-us 2018-10-02 14:24:05 UTC 2018-10-31 06:05:28 UTC hello@padlet.com weberca1 https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/288156216 2018-10-02 14:40:38 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/288156216 jacquesmi https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/288156580 2018-10-02 14:41:08 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/288156580 jacquesmi https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291739682 Turbidity, measured in NTU (nephelometric turbidity units), is a measure of the clarity of a sample of water. It measures the how much light is scattered by the particles in the water when the sample is subjected to light. Higher turbidities mean that the water is murkier.]]> 2018-10-11 14:13:12 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291739682 weberca1 https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291751535 Nutrients are elements found in water that are necessary for plant growth. But excess amounts can cause problems. Some nutrients include phosphorus and nitrate.]]> 2018-10-11 14:30:31 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291751535 weberca1 https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291751596 Eutrophication: An increase in algae in the environment often due to excess nutrients in a body of water.
Point-Source Pollution: "Water pollution coming from a single point, such as a sewage-outflow pipe."]]> 2018-10-11 14:30:38 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291751596 weberca1 https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291751700 Water should not contain more than 10 mg/L of Nitrate or more than .1 mg/L of Phosphorus. There is no defined minimum. ]]> 2018-10-11 14:30:47 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291751700 jacquesmi https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291751818 2018-10-11 14:30:57 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291751818 jacquesmi https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291751984 Most turbidimeters can only calculate values between 0-40 NTU. However, water can have a much higher turbidity than 40 NTU. If the water sample is above 40 NTU, the sample must be diluted by adding reagent water until it is below 40 NTU. The actual turbidity can then be calculated by multiplying the measured turbidity by the total volume of water in the sample. The Environmental Protection Agency states that drinking water should not have a turbidity over 5 NTU, and   recommends that it is less than 1 NTU.
https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-08/documents/method_180-1_1993.pdf ]]> 2018-10-11 14:31:10 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291751984 weberca1 https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291752021 Both Nitrate and Phosphorus are expressed in values of milligrams per liter (mg/L).]]> 2018-10-11 14:31:13 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291752021 weberca1 https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291752127 Nitrate and Phosphorus are released through point-source pollution, namely through wastewater-treatment facilities. In addition, Nitrate cant be released into the atmosphere from runoff contaminated by fertilizer, from through automobiles.]]> 2018-10-11 14:31:24 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291752127 jacquesmi https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291752193 The unit used to measure turbidity is NTU (nephelometric turbidity units). Turbidimeters generally calculate values from 0-40 NTU. The higher the value, the murkier the water is. The value is determined by shining a bright light on a water sample at a 90 degree angle. The more that the light is scattered by the particles in the water, the higher the turbidity. A sample that is measured at 0 NTU means that the light passed through the sample without being scattered.]]> 2018-10-11 14:31:30 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291752193 jacquesmi https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291752241 There are a few human causes of unnatural changes of turbidity levels. One human activity that causes the turbidity of nearby bodies of water to increase is construction. When construction projects are started, the area that is being worked on is completely cleared until there is just soil left. Because there is nothing holding the soil down, runoff from storms can erode soil particles and carry them into larger bodies of water which increases turbidity. Another human causes the raises turbidity is agriculture. When an area of land is cleared of natural vegetation before a farmer plants his crops, runoff can carry soil particles into other bodies of water and increase the turbidity. One human activity that actually lowers turbidity is building dams. Dams cause the turbidity of the water downstream of the dam to decrease.]]> 2018-10-11 14:31:35 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291752241 weberca1 https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291752242 Too many nutrients in an atmosphere can cause the ecosystem to be imbalanced, as excess algae built up through eutrophication dies, depleting oxygen from the water, and killing many aquatic animals. Nitrates also have the ability to kill people, especially if a young child drinks the contaminated water.]]> 2018-10-11 14:31:36 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291752242 jacquesmi https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291752391 High turbidity in bodies of water can affect the environment in negative ways. High turbidity can hurt fish ecosystems in many ways. Freshwater fish can be killed by the particles in the water and fish eggs do not develop the same way. It can also affect the migration pattern of certain fish, and cause them to not migrate. High turbidity also decreases the amount of food available to fish because plants and algae can not survive in highly turbid waters. Fish can also lose their ability to fight diseases and their growth rate can decrease. In addition to hurting fish ecosystems, turbid bodies of water are not as aesthetically pleasing as clear waters.]]> 2018-10-11 14:31:46 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291752391 jacquesmi https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291969322 A method for determining the cloudiness of water. NTU (nephelometric turbidity units), the unit used to determine turbidity, gets its name from nephelometry.]]> 2018-10-11 21:28:33 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291969322 jacquesmi https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291969662 The quality of being clear and not having visible particles in water.]]> 2018-10-11 21:30:09 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291969662 jacquesmi https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291975875 Water that has a turbidity value of 0 NTU; water completely clear of foreign particles.]]> 2018-10-11 22:09:05 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291975875 jacquesmi https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291980878 The process in which water wears down the surface of the earth. Water can pick up soil particles as it flows over soil, and can break down rocks that it is running over.]]> 2018-10-11 22:45:01 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291980878 jacquesmi https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291980903 Stormwater that flows over the surface of land until it reaches a larger body of water. This occurs when the land that rain lands on is not permeable.]]> 2018-10-11 22:45:13 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/291980903 https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/295980446 Dissolved Oxygen is the microscopic bubbles of gaseous oxygen mixed into the water and used by organisms within the water. Aquatic plants release oxygen back into the water as a byproduct of photosynthesis.]]> 2018-10-23 14:39:18 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/295980446 millardda https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298834306 2018-10-31 04:22:11 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298834306 millardda https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298834403 Brings water and air in close contact in order to remove dissolved gases (such as carbon dioxide) while also oxidizing any materials like iron.]]> 2018-10-31 04:23:10 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298834403 millardda https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298834989 The process by which a plant uses carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to produce its own food, then releasing oxygen as a byproduct. Plants in water cause the water to increase int dissolved oxygen.]]> 2018-10-31 04:29:41 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298834989 millardda https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298838775 The amount of a substance that will dissolve in another substance. The solubility of the oxygen is effected by temperature and salinity, or salt level.]]> 2018-10-31 05:09:58 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298838775 millardda https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298839177 To increase a concentration beyond its saturation point. In terms of dissolved oxygen two main things can push it to supersaturation, rapid aeration and rapid temperature increase.]]> 2018-10-31 05:15:03 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298839177 millardda https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298839631 Water reaches equilibrium towards 100% air saturation, dissolved oxygen levels also change with temperature, salinity and pressure changes. Therefore, dissolved oxygen levels can range from less than 1 mg/L to more than 20 mg/L depending on how all of these factors interact with each other. Though much of the level depends on the season, location, and depth when referring to a fresh body of water. Some states, like Michigan, enacted requirements to have minimum concentration levels of dissolved oxygen like 7 mg/L for cold-water fisheries and 5 mg/L for warm-water fisheries. In salt water it ranges from 9 mg/L at the poles to 4 mg/L at the equator usually.]]> 2018-10-31 05:20:37 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298839631 millardda https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298840731 The unit to measure dissolved oxygen is in dissolved oxygen concentrations of milligrams per-liter or (mg/L). The higher the value the more saturated the water is with oxygen. Dissolved oxygen is dependent on water temperature meaning colder water can hold more dissolved oxygen.]]> 2018-10-31 05:33:10 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298840731 millardda https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298841951 There are little to no human direct causes to affecting the dissolved oxygen levels. A few ways humans could affect would be through clearing land, point source pollution, nutrient pollution, and destruction. When clearing land it could send excess matter into streams it could cause the micro organisms to use more oxygen than can be replaced. Point sources like discharge could lead into waterways and be decomposed by bacteria leading to areas of low dissolved oxygen downstream. Nutrient pollution can cause excess plant and algae growth more bacteria that eat dead plant material use oxygen. Finally, destruction can decrease the amount of shade and warm the water, warmer water can't hold as much dissolved oxygen as cooler water can.]]> 2018-10-31 05:45:03 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298841951 millardda https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298843023 There are many environmental consequences from dissolved oxygen with one being the aquatic life. Fish are highly dependent on the water to regulate themselves so if the dissolved oxygen levels were to exceed 110% can have a chance in the fish getting gas bubble disease where the bubbles block the flow of blood through blood vessels causing death. On the other end of the spectrum, if levels drop too low, like 1-2 mg/L for only a few hours it can can lead to the death of large amounts of fish, meaning the lower and longer the dissolved oxygen levels are, the more stress that is put on the aquatic life.]]> 2018-10-31 05:57:25 UTC https://padlet.com/jacquesmi/1pix8ehtd8t4/wish/298843023