Social Impact: The Soviet invasion had various impacts on both Afghanistan and the Soviet Union. In Afghanistan, it created a long and destructive conflict that resulted in the displacement of many people worldwide, the destruction of infrastructures, and the loss of many lives. This invasion also led to a rise in the rebellion of armed resistance groups like the mujahideen who sought to overthrow the Soviet-backed communist government. This group contributed to later problems throughout the Soviet Union. This included many deaths and injuries revolving around soviet soldiers of up to 15,000, causing the public to be unhappy with the war effort and government foreign policies. 

Political Impact: The establishment of Al-Qaeda had both domestic and international impacts on society. In Afghanistan, foreign fighters like Osama bin Laden supported groups like the mujahideen. The experience of fighting fostered in these groups in Afghanistan helped to form a strong network to fight against the Soviet Union. The Al-Qaeda ideologies and beliefs influenced other terrorist organizations and groups, as well as, Islamic movements in the region. This group's presence and ideologies had a major effect on international relations, such as creating more cooperation among countries in trying to prevent terrorism.

Social Impact: This bombing and attack in New York City had lasting effects on society towards terrorism, foreign policies, and security within the country. It led to the public’s concern and threat of later or future attacks that could occur through terrorism. It put residents of New York in shock, which caused fear and anxiety to most regarding the safety of their city. The bombing also had a wide impact on Muslim communities. It led to discrimination against Muslim communities in the U.S. causing many to be faced with suspicion and unfair prejudices. This tragic event caused the government and society to approach terrorism and security with more caution to prevent such acts.

Political Impact: The bombings caused tensions between the U.S. and the governments of Kenya and Tanzania, along with other countries within the region. These tensions came from the concerns of whether the governments could provide the necessary security for citizens from terrorist attacks. Within the U.S. there was an increased emphasis on preventing terrorism and holding the perpetrators accountable for their actions. Security measures were taken more cautiously in which anti-terrorism laws were enhanced and stronger security in diplomatic facilities. For example,  the Anti-terrorism and Death Penalty Act gave the government more authority to investigate and stop terrorist acts.

Political Impact: This horrific event caused national security policies to be created like the USA Patriot Act which enabled investigators to gather information when looking into the full range of terrorism-related crimes. This act helped expand their powers to stop future terrorist acts. This event also caused the U.S. to build mutual connections and relationships with other countries in trying to prevent terrorism and be more secure. It also played a role in affecting civil liberties. It created debates regarding a need for better surveillance and security in determining when such attacks would occur. Changes in immigration policies also occurred. The requirements and security were stricter, meaning increased inspections of people from certain countries in an effort to prevent terrorism. 

In March 2003, “U.S. forces invaded Iraq vowing to destroy Iranian weapons of mass destruction and end the dictatorial rule of Saddam Hussein. When intelligence of the weapons proved illusory and a violent insurgency arose, the war lost public support. Saddam was captured, tried, and hanged and democratic elections were held. More than 40,000 British troops are committed in support of the invasion.” With this America's citizens' views on the war shifted and chose a more diplomatic approach to a solution. However, we had support from our allies and our soldiers who supported the US government to continue with their plans.

Social Impact: The invasion of Iraq caused many casualties and the displacement of many people to occur. The civilian population suffered from lots of violence through military action and it disrupted services like education. And healthcare. Massive anti-war protests worldwide occurred where millions of people gathered on the streets in cities everywhere. These protests highlighted that the war was unjustified and should not happen as it would just further everyone’s suffering and certain country’s instability. The service members who fought in the military suffered from immense trauma and the many tours they went on caused them to not be able to see their families as much.