What are these and what are their impacts on neurotransmission? What step in the process do they disrupt and how? by Jason Williams https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90 en-us 2021-10-27 13:12:19 UTC 2021-10-27 14:28:24 UTC hello@padlet.com Its just a Flat line since the VG Na channels are closed https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848351198 2021-10-27 14:11:43 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848351198 https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848352326 Treats irregular heartbeats and lengthens action potential]]> 2021-10-27 14:12:01 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848352326 It relieves headaches caused by heroin withdrawal https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848357143 2021-10-27 14:13:23 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848357143 https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848359718 Saxitoxin blocks VG Na+ channels so it inhibits action potential or depolarization because no Na+ is flowing in the cell to create action potential.

Creates a flat line when graphed]]> 2021-10-27 14:14:03 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848359718 https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848361334 It won't dip downwards either because it doesn't cause any negative movement]]> 2021-10-27 14:14:30 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848361334 Serotonin is one of the chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) that carry signals between brain nerve cells (neurons). https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848364175 2021-10-27 14:15:18 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848364175 Inhibitory https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848365103 2021-10-27 14:15:33 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848365103 broad-spectrum calcium channel blocker that inhibits glutamate release lpinkhasov1 https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848365523 2021-10-27 14:15:40 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848365523 https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848365668 Na+ channels are blocked entirely, so nothing comes in or out- hence why there is neither a depolarization or hyper-polarization.]]> 2021-10-27 14:15:43 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848365668 its a toxin found within Phoneutria spiders https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848366741 2021-10-27 14:16:01 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848366741 Impact on Neurotransmission https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848367070 Since botox blocks ACh release, it does not send the signal to the postsynaptic nerve. ACh (neurotransmitter) is not released so there is no signal from the presynaptic to the postsynaptic nerve]]> 2021-10-27 14:16:06 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848367070 SRIs block the reabsorption (reuptake) of serotonin into neurons. This makes more serotonin available to improve transmission of messages between neurons https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848367299 2021-10-27 14:16:11 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848367299 https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848367663 Curare is a toxin that inhibits ACh. A neuromuscular blocking agent. ]]> 2021-10-27 14:16:17 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848367663 https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848367868 The most deadly biological chemical known, generated by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum.]]> 2021-10-27 14:16:20 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848367868 Curare is a toxic subtance, and can be used to kill prey. It's classified as a neuromuscular blocking agent, which causes paralysis of the affected skeletal muscles https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848368613 2021-10-27 14:16:32 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848368613 https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848369428 It is most commonly found in marine animals]]> 2021-10-27 14:16:45 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848369428 Curare causes death by making the skeletal muscles relaxed and then paralyzed https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848373213 2021-10-27 14:17:50 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848373213 Biology https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848373308 This drug increases the concentrations of inhibitory neurotransmitters. 

It is a commonly used anti-arrhythmic drug. ]]> 2021-10-27 14:17:51 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848373308 https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848378885 Ingestion of molluscs, who consume planktonic algae, plan by humans results in paralytic shellfish poisoning, which may result in death in a matter of hours if sufficient toxin is absorbed.]]> 2021-10-27 14:19:26 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848378885 What is Botox used for? https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848380103 Botox injections are used to reduce the appearance of facial wrinkles. They're also used to treat conditions such as neck spasms. After someone gets botox, they are unable to move the muscles at the site of injection.]]> 2021-10-27 14:19:45 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848380103 https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848380668 Contryphans are peptides found in venom produced by the cone snail, a neurotoxin. It leads to stiff tain syndrome in mice. They block voltage gated calcium channels, inhibiting the release of vesicles. The graph would be a flat line since no neurotransmitters travel across the synaptic cleft.

]]> 2021-10-27 14:19:54 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848380668 the main toxins in this venom are the voltage gated sodium, calcium and potassium channels https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848381948 2021-10-27 14:20:17 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848381948 https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848386106 suppress abnormal rhythms of the heart]]> 2021-10-27 14:21:23 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848386106 https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848408458 Contryphans are a kind of peptide that is an active component of the powerful venom generated by cone snails.]]> 2021-10-27 14:27:25 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848408458 acts on the ion channels and chemical receptors of the neuromuscular systems of insects and mammals https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848412126 2021-10-27 14:28:23 UTC https://padlet.com/biojdw/1ni0zuiaelvj5g90/wish/1848412126