IDEA Categories & Assistive Technologies by adriana lassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj Cohort 17 - Moreland University en-us 2021-09-08 01:59:45 UTC 2023-10-24 12:37:43 UTC hello@padlet.com 1) Autism adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723461138 Low Incidence (Prevalence: 11% - 4th Most Prevalent)

Definition: "Autism means a developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction, generally evident before age three, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance. Other characteristics often associated with autism are engagement in repetitive activities and stereotyped movements, resistance to environmental change or change in daily routines, and unusual responses to sensory experiences." (IDEA, 2018)]]> 2021-09-08 02:04:53 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723461138 2) Deaf-Blindness adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723464069 Peter McLoughlin

The combination of hearing and visual losses in children and youth cause “such severe communication and other developmental and educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for children with deafness or children with blindness or multiple disabilities. ]]> 2021-09-08 02:06:05 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723464069 3) Deafness adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723465070 Peter McLoughlin

A hearing impairment that is so severe that the child is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification.]]> 2021-09-08 02:06:24 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723465070 4) Emotional Disturbance adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723465763 (Low-Incidence, about 6%)
Conditions which generate behavioral issues fall under the category “emotional disturbance”]]> 2021-09-08 02:06:41 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723465763 5) Hearing Impairment adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723466763 Lovancy Ingram

Hearing impairment means an impairment in hearing, whether permanent or fluctuating, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance but that is not included under the definition of deafness.

Hearing impairment appears to be low incidence based on research from the US Dept. of Education. See graphic at http://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/cgg#1


]]> 2021-09-08 02:07:01 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723466763 6) Intellectual Disability adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723467557 (Low-Incidence)
Intellectual disability is a term used when there are limits to a person’s ability to learn at an expected level and function in daily life. Levels of intellectual disability vary greatly in children. Children with intellectual disability might have a hard time letting others know their wants and needs, and taking care of themselves. Intellectual disability could cause a child to learn and develop more slowly than other children of the same age.

]]> 2021-09-08 02:07:19 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723467557 7) Multiple Disabilities and Severe Disabilities. Low incidence: 2.2% adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723468493 Contributed by Katarzyna Blicharska

The IDEA defines multiple disabilities as: "concomitant impairments (such as mental retardation-blindness, mental retardation-orthopedic impairment, etc.), the combination of which causes such severe educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for one of the impairments".

There are a number of causes for students who
are born with multiple disabilities, some of the most frequently identified causes are:

• chromosomal anomalies
• hereditary and genetics
• prenatal
• postnatal
• infections
• genetic disorders
• traumatic brain injury (TBI). ]]> 2021-09-08 02:07:43 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723468493 8) Orthopedic Impairment adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723469969 MX]]> 2021-09-08 02:08:18 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723469969 9) Other Health Impairments-Hight Incidence 15% of students served under IDEA and Sect.504. adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723470690 Contribution by Katarzyna Blicharska

Other Health Impairments encompass a wide range of medical diagnoses and subsequent health problems that can have a temporary or chronic impact on a student's academic performance.
Although the disease alone may not affect learning, oftentimes the secondary effects of illness and the side effects of medications can have a significant impact on memory, attention, strength, alertness and energy.
Common diagnoses include:
  • Multiple Sclerosis
  • Epilepsy
  • Cerebral Palsy
  • Asthma and Allergies (Multiple chemical sensitivity)
  • Diabetes
  • Heart Disease
  • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
  • AIDS
  • Cancer
  • Drug and Alcohol addictions
  • ADD
  • ADHD
  • Tourette Syndrome

Students with Other Health Impairments who do not fall under categories defined in IDEA may qualify for services under Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973.

Important Organizations:

Council for Exceptional Children
U.S. Department of Education; Office of Civil Rights
]]> 2021-09-08 02:08:35 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723470690 10) Specific Learning Disability Julio Carmona adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723472069 Specific Learning Disability Definition
38.8% the highest disability in the learning field - high incidence

Dyslexia is a specific learning disability that is neurobiological in origin. It is characterized by difficulties with accurate and/or fluent word recognition and by poor spelling and decoding abilities. These difficulties typically result from a deficit in the phonological component of language that is often unexpected in relation to other cognitive abilities and the provision of effective classroom instruction. Secondary consequences may include problems in reading comprehension and reduced reading experience that can impede growth of vocabulary and background knowledge.]]> 2021-09-08 02:09:02 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723472069 11) Speech or Language Impairment adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723473832 High Incidence (Prevalence: 19% - 2nd Most Prevalent)

Definition: "Speech or language impairment means a communication disorder, such as stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance." (IDEA, 2018)

Range includes: fluency disorder or issues, challenges in pronouncing specific sounds, difficulty comprehending words properly, expressing oneself, listening to others and difficulty voicing words.

Important organizations:
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA)
Apraxia Kids
We Stutter
]]> 2021-09-08 02:09:44 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723473832 13) Visual Impairment Including Blindness adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723475700 Lovancy Ingram

Visual impairment including blindness means an impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely affects a child’s educational performance. The term includes both partial sight and blindness. 

 Visual impairment appears to be low incidence based on research from the US Dept. of Education. See graphic at http://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/cgg#1 ]]> 2021-09-08 02:10:29 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723475700 Deaf-Blindness is the smallest percentage of all low incidence disabilities. 0.0% petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723652960 Peter McLoughlin.  
Apparently only 1% of children identified as deaf blindness are completely deaf or completely blind.  The other 99% have different levels of combined hearing and vision loss]]> 2021-09-08 03:17:06 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723652960 Deafness is a low incidence disability. petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723678138 Peter McLoughlin
About 0.22% of the population are deaf in America.  Over half of that are people over 65 years of age.]]> 2021-09-08 03:27:41 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723678138 Gloves that help the blind to see! petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723729002 Peter McLoughlin

It seems pretty basic at the moment, but you can imagine that with more advances, blindness may be a thing of the past!]]> 2021-09-08 03:48:54 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723729002 Great Video on how technology is changing deafness. petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723765122 Peter McLoughlin

Truly inspirational people. A real eye opener! These implants are amazing! Can you imagine not hearing, getting one of these devices and hearing for the first time? Wow!]]> 2021-09-08 04:05:54 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723765122 Deaf Baby hears for the first time. petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723776555 Peter McLoughlin

Omg..... you gotta watch this. I have tears in my eyes!]]> 2021-09-08 04:11:33 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723776555 How the new implants work petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723836129 Peter McLoughlin]]> 2021-09-08 04:41:16 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1723836129 % of students under the IDEA by disability type. petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1727955273 Peter McLoughlin

This is from one of the links Orphelia sent us.

This resources has information on a few more: 
https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=64 ]]> 2021-09-09 13:08:49 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1727955273 Understanding ASD - Resources adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1729768272 Signs and Symptoms of High-Functioning Autism
"While it is not an official medical diagnosis, “high-functioning autism” is often used to refer to people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who can speak, read, write, and manage their day-to-day lives without much assistance"

Autism Speaks - "There is no one type of autism, but many."
According to the Centers for Disease Control, autism affects an estimated 1 in 54 children in the United States today.]]> 2021-09-10 02:27:09 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1729768272 Assistive Technology for ASD adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1729785843 Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) - is a specific type of assistive technology that can benefit people with autism of all ages by promoting independence, expanding communication, and increasing social interactions.]]> 2021-09-10 02:33:49 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1729785843 Accommodations and Strategies for ASD adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1729787353 Adriana Lassus

Graphic organizers - Organizing ideas visually allows students with LDs to see the connections between ideas
Social Stories - Short story with realistic pictures which is intended to help an autistic child, teen, or adult to better understand and/or navigate his or her world.
PECS - Picture exchange communication system
Stress Balls, Worry Beads, Standing Desks - For sensory issues and anxiety
Noise-canceling Headphones, Weighted Vests, and Tinted Glasses - To help students avoid excessive sound and light
Written Planners, Color-Coded Schedules, and Visual Reminders - For executive functioning
Ordered Routines - That are clearly established and provide stability
Warning and Preparation - When changes are anticipated
Choice Boards - Choice boards display a limited number of options for activities to support difficulty figuring out what to do next
Frequent Breaks - Having a quiet place to go or being able to move around can be beneficial
Help with Class Notes - Some students are permitted to tape record class, use another student’s notes, or use the teacher’s outline for the class
Extra time - May be required for long-term projects or exams]]> 2021-09-10 02:34:22 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1729787353 Assistive Technology for Autism adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1729831756 Example: Kiwi, a “socially assistive robot” created by a team of researchers from the University of Southern California that teaches autistic children both how to do math and socialize]]> 2021-09-10 02:51:37 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1729831756 Understanding Speech or Language Impairments - Resources adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1729979115 Why are speech and language skills so critical for literacy?

Spoken language provides the foundation for the development of reading and writing. Spoken and written language have a reciprocal relationship – each builds on the other to result in general language and literacy competence, starting early and continuing through childhood into adulthood.

Responsiveness to Intervention: New Roles for Speech-Language Pathologists


Speech Language Therapy:
Speech and language therapy provides treatment, support and care for children and adults who have difficulties with communication, or with eating, drinking and swallowing.
Speech and language therapists (SLTs) are allied health professionals. They work with parents, carers and other professionals, such as teachers, nurses, occupational therapists and doctors.
]]> 2021-09-10 03:59:58 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1729979115 Assistive Technology for Speech or Language Impairment adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1731437456 Electronic Fluency Devices
Electronic Fluency Devices are devices intended to help improve the fluency of people with stutters. They do this by playing the sound of the user's own voice back into their ear, slightly altered.

Augmentative and Alternative Communication Devices
Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is the use of symbols, aids, strategies, and techniques to enhance the communication process. This includes sign language, various communication boards, and both manual and electronic devices help those who have trouble with communication

Applications for Tablet or Phones:
Speech Journal: Audio wed to images for multiple learning/teaching goals
Articulation Station: For kids struggling with pronunciation
Speech Wizard: helps students to practice their sounds, sentences, and phrases
Talk for Me: Text-to-Speech application
]]> 2021-09-10 16:50:57 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1731437456 Accommodations and Strategies for Students with Language Impairment adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1731438447
  • Ensure that the student has a way to appropriately express their wants and needs
  • Reinforce communication attempts (e.g. their gestures, partial verbalizations) when the student is non-verbal or emerging verbal 
  • Use pictures or photographs to reinforce and review the vocabulary that has been taught
    • ]]>     2021-09-10 16:51:23 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1731438447     Accommodations and Strategies for Students with Speech Impairment adrianalassus https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1731932854
  • Model correct speech patterns and avoid correcting speech difficulties
  • Be patient when student is speaking, since rushing may result in frustration
  • Allow alternative ways of communicating like gestures, writing or drawing
    • ]]>     2021-09-10 22:10:46 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1731932854     Accommodations for deafness petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1732266801 Peter McLoughlin

    T    he most commonly used accommodations for deafness are:
    -    Sign Language
    -Speech-to-Text and Captioning Services
    -Assistive Listening Devices and Systems
    -Oral Transliteration
    -Cued Language Transliteration.


    ]]>     2021-09-11 05:17:07 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1732266801     Accommodations for blindness petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1732275931 Peter McLoughlin

    The following accommodations are typical for a student with blindness:

    • Audiotaped, Brailled, or electronically formatted lecture notes, handouts, and texts
    • Verbal descriptions of visual aids
    • Raised-line drawings and tactile models of graphic materials
    • Braille lab signs and equipment labels; auditory lab warning signals
    • Adaptive lab equipment (e.g., talking thermometers and calculators, light probes, and tactile timers)
    • Computer with optical character reader, voice output, Braille screen display and printer output
    ]]>     2021-09-11 05:36:43 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1732275931     7 Smart technologies for blindness. petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1732289175 Peter McLoughlin

    A.I that gives audio descriptions of the area around us.
    3-D Sound Maps.
    Braille touchscreens.
    Bluetooth beacons to help navigate through buildings.
    Electric vehicles.
    Smart glasses.]]>     2021-09-11 06:05:31 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1732289175     Cool Specs petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1732293900 Peter McLoughlin]]> 2021-09-11 06:15:06 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1732293900 Iris Vision petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1732369612 Peter McLoughlin

    Using your phone for VR to enhance the environment.]]>     2021-09-11 08:27:10 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1732369612     A Smart Cane for the blind petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1733275809 Peter McLoughlin]]> 2021-09-12 06:25:07 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1733275809 Thanks for finding this Adriana! petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1733283387 Peter McLoughlin]]> 2021-09-12 06:34:23 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1733283387 Solar Ear. petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1733294069 Peter McLoughlin]]> 2021-09-12 06:42:51 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1733294069 10 year old girl designs jewelry for hearing aids. petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1733302562 Peter McLoughlin

    Hayleigh’s Cherished Charms:  Sometimes a low-tech innovation can have as big an impact as their high tech counterparts.  At the age of ten, a girl named Hayleigh noticed that her many of her classmates at a school for the deaf and hard of hearing hid their hearing aids behind their hair.  “I wanted to make my hearing aids shine and be fancy and proud of my hearing aids,” says Hayleigh.  So she started designing jewelry that can best be described as "hearing aid bling".]]>     2021-09-12 06:53:59 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1733302562     An app that allows the deaf to read messages instantly. petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1733310069 Peter McLoughlin]]> 2021-09-12 07:03:07 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1733310069 A tablet that reads sign language and coverts it to voice. petermcloughlin https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1733314609 Peter McLoughlin]]> 2021-09-12 07:09:20 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1733314609 Understanding Other Health Impairments Classroom context katarzynablicharska https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734263651 Contribution by Katarzyna Blicharska

    There is a great variability in severity levels and manifestations of impairments resulting from medical conditions. 
    The effects can span from physical to intellectual and emotional in nature. Each individual and disability require specific classroom environment adaptations.
    Here are some guidelines to consider to prepare a supportive and inclusive classroom:
    • Enhance disability awareness/empathy in students. For example: allow students to use assistive devices in order to gain empathy and understanding of their peer limitations and challenges. 
    • Monitor Medical Guidelines. Student's medical needs are the primary concern. Be aware of student's medical emergency plan, scheduled medication times, medication effect monitoring, communication lines with parents/guardians. 
    • Rethink Emergency Procedures. Beware of evacuation and emergency procedures in case of fire, earthquake, tornado or other. Practice emergency situations and assign peer assistance to disabled student. 
    • Plan for fatigue. Students with health impairments may tire more quickly or require a shortened school day, plan for breaks.
    • Adapt physical environment to meet student's mobility/positioning needs.
    • Adapt instructional materials to the individual needs of the student.
    • Adapt instruction content and pace to include the student. 
    • Adapt evaluation, extend time for evaluation, extend time for classwork as necessary. 
    • Cooperate with Educational Assistants and Paraprofessionals assisting the student. 
    ]]>     2021-09-12 22:34:01 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734263651     Accommodations and Strategies for OHI katarzynablicharska https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734298921 Contribution by Katarzyna Blicharska

    Many of the medical conditions are unpredictable in nature. Flexibility, creativity as well as contingency planning are necessary for student success. 
    Student's health, wellbeing and safety take the precedence.
    Some of the most common accommodations include:
    • Clear and highly organized contents, materials, outlines and task assignments. 
    • Planners and timelines that set agenda for extended periods of time like a mid quarter, quarter or semester. 
    • Providing materials through digital media: google classroom, emails or hard copy mail in/pick up for guardians.
    • Providing recorded lectures and sessions.
    • Speech to text and text to voice technologies where necessary.
    • Speech recognition  computer input devices, ergonomic keyboards, one-handed keyboards, expanded keyboards.
    • Ergonomic work stations.
    • Environment adaptation to reduce fatigue and stress.
    • Extended time for assignments and assessments. 
    • Forum for electronic discussions and meetings: Zoom, GoogleMeet etc.
    • Graphic organizers for writing assignments.
    • Structured learning environment with consistent roles and routines. 
    • Assistance of Educational Assistant or Educational Paraprofessional.
    • Use of peer note taker.
    • Planning for extended absences and delivery of educational services. 
    Learning Disabilities Association of America
    ]]>     2021-09-12 23:18:21 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734298921     Assistive technology for OHI katarzynablicharska https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734361050 Contribution by Katarzyna Blicharska

    Assistive technology is any kind of software, equipment, or product that helps a disabled individual learn, improve or maintain specific functional capabilities. 
    Technology is crucial in helping students access education. 

    Most common categories of Assistive Technologies are:
    • Learning
    • Mobility
    • Verbal Communication
    • Hand and Finger Dexterity
    • Cognitive Memory
    • Hearing



    Job Accommodation Network (JAN) is a great resource for both employers and educators.  


    ]]>     2021-09-13 00:12:10 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734361050     Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Julio Carmona https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734487281 Understanding TBI
    Physical disabilities:
    Individuals with TBI may have problems speaking, seeing, hearing, and using their other senses. They may have headaches and feel tired a lot. They may also have trouble with skills such as writing or drawing. Their muscles may suddenly contract or tighten (this is called spasticity). They may also have seizures. Their balance and walking may also be affected. They may be partly or completely paralyzed on one side of the body, or both sides.

    Difficulties with thinking:
    Because the brain has been injured, it is common that the person's ability to use the brain changes. For example, children with TBI may have trouble with short-term memory (being able to remember something from one minute to the next, like what the teacher just said). They may also have trouble with their long-term memory (being able to remember information from a while ago, like facts learned last month). People with TBI may have trouble concentrating and only be able to focus their attention for a short time. They may think slowly. They may have trouble talking and listening to others. They may also have difficulty with reading and writing, planning, understanding the order in which events happen (called sequencing), and judgment.

    Social, behavioral, or emotional problems:
    These difficulties may include sudden changes in mood, anxiety, and depression. Children with TBI may have trouble relating to others. They may be restless and may laugh or cry a lot. They may not have much motivation or much control over their emotions.
    ]]>     2021-09-13 01:09:08 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734487281     Severe and Multiple Disabilities Educational Placement Considerations. katarzynablicharska https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734503607
    Contributed by Katarzyna Blicharska

    The optimal educational placement of students with multiple or severe disabilities is determined by the case conference team who considers priorities of the student, the family, the medical needs and peer-support concern to design the best environment for the student.
    At times, inclusive placement is not possible and a self-contained classroom is designated as the most optimal setting. The term “self-contained classroom” refers to a classroom, where a special education teacher is responsible for the instruction of all academic subjects. 
    The classroom is typically separated from general education classrooms but located within the school.
    Depending on individual ability, the students can join their peers for lunch, recess and campus activities. ]]>     2021-09-13 01:16:12 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734503607     Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Julio Carmona https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734517130 Assistive Technology for TBI

     For some individuals, reading a clock with hands may be difficult. An alternative choice may be a digital clock displayed in clear view. A Talking Clock and Talking Calendar will announce the time of day and date aloud with the push of a button, and can be accessed as many times as the individual needs the information. For those needing reminders across environments, talking watches with date and time features are also available.

    A checklist may be used to help remind a person to complete certain tasks. For example, a daily checklist placed inside the door to a home may include reminders like, “take house key”, “turn off iron” and “lock front door”. Home-made labels can also help people remember the contents of a drawer or closet and can be made using words or pictures.

    Devices

    Small voice recorders on keychains or message recorders can be pre-recorded with reminder messages including appointments, telephone numbers, grocery lists, or prescription refills. Slightly more elaborate memo recorders, like the Voice Cue have clocks and alarms that can be programmed to make specific announcements, some at the same times each day of the week. When set ahead of time, a device called the Watch Minder® can remind a person to do specific tasks like “call home” or “go to work”.

    Handheld microcomputers, such as the Palm Pilot ®, use touch screen capability and allow an individual to easily input, save, and retrieve notes, telephone numbers, dates and daily reminders, and to-do lists. A built-in calendar displays the entire month at a glance while cursor controls allow scrolling from day-to-day or month-to month.

    The Visual Assistant is a handheld microcomputer that provides task-prompting support by providing digital pictures, along with custom recorded audio messages that provide step-by-step instructions.

    The Ultra Key Seeker beeps and flashes to assist in locating lost keys. A vibrating alarm clock called the Shake Awake® can be placed inside a pillowcase or under the mattress to assist with varied sleep patterns, such as insomnia and reversed sleep-wake schedules.
    ]]>     2021-09-13 01:21:51 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734517130     Adaptations/accommodations for students with Multiple/Severe Disabilities. katarzynablicharska https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734561753 Contributed by Katarzyna Blicharska

    The nature of severe and multiple disabilities requires special education and related services from many educational team members and specialists including:
    • Occupational therapists 
    • Behavioral therapists
    • Physical therapists
    • Speech and language therapists
    • Paraprofessionals and Educational Assistants 

    Common accommodations include:
    • Assigning Paraprofessional assistance
    • Adapting curriculum and differential instructions
    • Assisting with feeding and toileting 
    • Assisting with dressing, eating and washing
    • Supervising during recess and breaks
    • Assisting with mobility 
    • Taking notes for students, applying assistive technology
    • Focus on activities that can be engaged in by all students without modifications
    • Multilevel curriculum instruction-differentiated instructions
    • Curriculum overlapping
    Special Healthcare adaptations: respiratory support, intravenous nutritional support, breathing support. 

    National Center for Learning Disabilities 
    ]]>     2021-09-13 01:39:50 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734561753     Traumatic Brain Injury- TBI Julio Carmona juliocarmona2 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734777164 TBI Resources and accommodations

    Some accommodations to improve concentration include:
    Have student sit near teacher in the classroom, Keep distractions to a minimum, Use peer note-takers,
    Allow student to use a tape recorder, Provide assignments in writing, Teach in small groups.
    Schedule classes when student’s attention is best, Focus student’s attention with verbal and nonverbal cues, Allow student to have frequent breaks.

    Accommodations  teaching strategies for traumatic brain injury to improve executive function include:

    Have student return homework in a specific place, Display, classroom schedule, Review daily routines with student.
    Encourage student to use daily organizer when giving assignments., Encourage student to outline assignments, Break projects into steps.

    When forming accommodations and teaching strategies for traumatic brain injury, remember to seek input from parents, special education staff, and others involved in the student’s recovery. Encourage other students to help their classmate with classroom activities and moving from one class to another. With consistency and positive support, the student can reach his maximum academic potential.

    ]]>     2021-09-13 03:05:58 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734777164     12- Brain Traumatic Injury- TBI Julio Carmona juliocarmona2 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734857764 TBI Definition
    Low incidence 0.4%.
     Learning disorders (Dyslexia, Dysgraphia, Dyscalculia, Dyspraxia) are a group of disorders that inhibit the brain’s ability to receive, process, store, respond to, and communicate information. Most children with learning disorders have average to above-average intelligence but often process information differently than others, leading to issues in the classroom. Parents saw a 42% improvement, on average, in their child’s ability to learn in school after completing the Brain Balance program.

    The unique symptoms your child is coping with may be able to improve through a unique combination of physical, sensory, and cognitive activities that help build stronger connections across different regions of the brain.

    ]]>     2021-09-13 03:39:57 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734857764     Specific Learning Disabilities Julio Carmona juliocarmona2 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734895506  Assisting Specific Learning Disabilities

    Screen all students for potential reading problems at the beginning of the year and again in the middle of the year.
    Provide time for differentiated reading instruction for all students based on assessments of students’ current reading level. Provide intensive, systematic instruction on up to three foundational reading skills in small groups to students who score below the benchmark score on universal screening. Monitor the progress of tier 2 students at least once a month. Provide intensive instruction on a daily basis that promotes the development of the various components of reading proficiency to students who show minimal progress after reasonable time in tier 2 small group instruction (tier 3).

     Accommodations
     Allow students to access instructional materials in ways that do not require them to read standard print presented in a standard visual format: Verbal instructions, Repetition, audio format, larger prints and fewer item per page 

    ]]>     2021-09-13 03:57:44 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734895506     Specific Learning Disability Julio Carmona juliocarmona2 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734929058 Assistive Technology
    Speech Voice Recognition, Text to Speech, Mind Mapping, Touch Typing, Tablets, Apps and Handheld devices      ]]>     2021-09-13 04:14:40 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734929058     Specific Learning Disabilities Julio Carmona juliocarmona2 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734953420 Knowing the Dyslexia:
    Symptoms include-     Delay in speech, Issues recalling or naming letters, numbers and colors, Misspells words , Difficulty with learning numbers, and Trouble learning.

    Resources
    Treatments:
    There is no specified treatment for dyslexia but the child can be helped with tutoring by using apt educational approaches and techniques.
    Self care: Encourage to recognize sounds, Read out simple words to help child recognize, Use pictures and videos to, help them learn, Work with visuals to express thoughts
    Therapies: Psychotherapy

    Causes
    While the exact cause is unknown, possible risk factors are:
    Family history, Premature birth or low birth weight of the baby, Exposure to alcohol or drugs such as nicotine during pregnancy and Infection that alters development of the brain in fetus. 
    ]]>     2021-09-13 04:27:00 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1734953420     Assistive Technology for Hearing Impairment lovancyingram https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738038936
  • Assistive listening devices (ALDs) help amplify the sounds you want to hear. ALDs can be used with a hearing aid or cochlear implant to help a wearer hear certain sounds better.
  • Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices help people with communication disorders to express themselves. These devices can range from a simple picture board to a computer program that synthesizes speech from text.
  • Alerting devices connect to a doorbell, telephone, or alarm that emits a loud sound or blinking light to let someone with hearing loss know that an event is taking place.
  • Hearing loop (or induction loop) systems use electromagnetic energy to transmit sound.  Amplified sound travels through the loop and creates an electromagnetic field that is picked up directly by receiver that is built into many hearing aids and cochlear implants. 

    • ]]>     2021-09-14 02:40:54 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738038936     Definition madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738044893 1. An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory or health factors.
    2. An inability to build/maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers.
    3. Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances.
    4. A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression.
    5. A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated personal or school problems (this includes schizophrenia). This does not apply to children who might be socially maladjusted unless they have an emotional disturbance.]]>     2021-09-14 02:43:02 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738044893     1. Anxiety Disorders madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738053884 Anxiety can be excessive, persistence, seemingly uncontrollable, and overwhelming. An irrational fear of every day situations may be involved. This high level of anxiety is a definite warning sign that a person may have an anxiety disorder.]]> 2021-09-14 02:46:24 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738053884 2. Bipolar Disorder madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738055260 Also known as a manic depressive illness, bipolar disorder is a serious medical condition that causes dramatic mood swings from overly high and/or irritable too sad and hopeless, and then back again, often with periods of normal mood in between.]]> 2021-09-14 02:46:55 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738055260 3. Conduct Disorders madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738057718 Conduct disorder refers to a group of behavioral and emotional problems in young people. Children and adolescents with this disorder have great difficulty following rules and behaving in a socially acceptable way. This may include aggression to people/animals, distruction of property, lying or stealing, truancy or other serious violations of rules.]]> 2021-09-14 02:47:49 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738057718 4. Eating Disorders madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738058721 Eating disorders are characterized by extremes and eating behavior— either too much or too little— or feelings of extreme distress or concern about body weight or shape. This includes anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating.]]> 2021-09-14 02:48:12 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738058721 Assistive Equipment and Tech for Hearing Impaired Persons lovancyingram https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738059571 Lovancy Ingram

    Infrared system- Transmits sound wirelessly via invisible light beams. The receiver must be in direct line of sight of the light beam from the transmitter. Commonly used in churches, theaters and auditoriums. It can only be used indoors; sunlight may interfere with transmission.

    Apps- Can turn a smartphone or tablet into a signaler, assistive listening device, accessible telephone device or caption viewer. Apps from hearing aid manufacturers and smart home technology devices can provide both alerts and remote controls.

    TY (or TDD)-Telephone device with a keyboard and a text display screen. Users communicate over the telephone by typing and reading their conversations.

    Captioning- Subtitles in various formats. Often used in conjunction with TV, live performances or events, etc.


    ]]>     2021-09-14 02:48:32 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738059571     5. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738060740 OCD is actually considered an anxiety disorder. It is characterized by recurrent unwanted thoughts and/or repetitive behaviors.]]> 2021-09-14 02:48:56 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738060740 6. Psychotic Disorders madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738064400 This is another umbrella term used to refer to severe mental disorders that caused abnormal thinking and perceptions. Two of the main symptoms are delusions and hallucinations. Delusions are false belief, hallucinations are false perceptions. Schizophrenia is one type of psychotic disorder there are others as well.]]> 2021-09-14 02:50:15 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738064400 Article about students struggles in the classroom madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738110041 2021-09-14 03:09:07 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738110041 A great article discussing accommodations and modifications in the classroom for emotional behavioral disorders madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738115752 2021-09-14 03:11:33 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738115752 Accommodations for Hard of Hearing Persons lovancyingram https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738123563 Lovancy Ingram

    Sign Language interpretation
    Assistive Listening Devices and Systems
    Cued Transliteration
    Oral Transliteration
    Speech-to-Text and Captioning Services]]>     2021-09-14 03:14:40 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738123563     Other techniques to use in the classroom madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738125099
    Support the student’s inclusion. - Emotional disturbances, by their very nature, can make it difficult for people to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships. You can support the student with an emotional disturbance in subtle but meaningful ways, especially during group work, cooperative learning activities, peer interactions, and team projects. There may also be times to let the student work alone, take a break, or have a hall pass for some quiet time apart.

    Set clear behavioral rules and expectations for the entire class. - Students with emotional disturbances are frequently the targets (rather than the initiators) of other students’ misbehaviors. Having a stated, explicit classroom management plan provides a solid structure by which both teacher and students can address inappropriate behavior, understand consequences, and develop a shared approach to behavior in class and toward one another. This IRIS training module may help you set up such a plan.

    Recognize the student's accomplishments. - Some students benefit from working toward a tangible goal on an hourly, daily, or weekly basis. With a bonus points system, students earn points that can be saved up and cashed in for rewards at a later time. When designing a point system for students with emotional disturbance and behavioral problems, it is important to design the task and its time frame to fit the points. If the payoff is too far into the future, the student may give up on the task. Students may also be encouraged to record their progress on a chart or record sheet that enables them to see their progress toward the goal.

    Encourage organization and routine. - Teach students to keep track of their assignments, grades, and targeted behaviors using reminders such as assignment sheets, daily schedules and to-do lists. Help students manage their time by establishing routines for making transitions between lessons, getting and putting away materials, and requesting assistance. Students can have cue cards on their desk or notebook to serve as visual cues for transition steps. Provide time-management reminders, such as 10-, 5-, or 2-minute warnings before clean-up time, to establish time limitations for completing work. ]]>     2021-09-14 03:15:16 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738125099     Signs of intellectual disability madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738141083
  • sit up, crawl, or walk later than other children
  • learn to talk later, or have trouble speaking
  • find it hard to remember things
  • have trouble understanding social rules
  • have trouble seeing the results of their actions
  • have trouble solving problems

    • ]]>     2021-09-14 03:21:52 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738141083     Someone with intellectual disability has limitations in two areas. These areas are: madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738150968
    •  Intellectual functioning. Also known as IQ, this refers to a person’s ability to learn, reason, make decisions, and solve problems.
    •  Adaptive behaviors. These are skills necessary for day-to-day life, such as being able to communicate effectively, interact with others, and take care of oneself.
    ]]>     2021-09-14 03:24:16 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738150968     What services are available for people with intellectual disability? madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738157234
    For babies and toddlers, early intervention programs are available. A team of professionals works with parents to write an Individualized Family Service Plan, or IFSP. This document outlines the child’s specific needs and what services will help the child thrive. Early intervention may include speech therapy, occupational therapy, physical therapy, family counseling, training with special assistive devices, or nutrition services.

    School-age children with intellectual disabilities (including preschoolers) are eligible for special education for free through the public school system. This is mandated by the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Parents and educators work together to create an Individualized Education Program, or IEP, which outlines the child’s needs and the services the child will receive at school. The point of special education is to make adaptations, accommodations, and modifications that allow a child with an intellectual disability to succeed in the classroom.



    ]]>     2021-09-14 03:26:49 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738157234     What is an intellectual disability? madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738168744 2021-09-14 03:30:11 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738168744 Research to Treatment madelinelush1 https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738173535 2021-09-14 03:32:02 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738173535 Accommodations for Visually Impaired Persons lovancyingram https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738178137 Lovancy Ingram

    -Audiotaped, brailled, or electronically formatted lecture notes, handouts, and texts.
    -Verbal descriptions of visual aids.
    -Raised-line drawings and tactile models of graphic materials.
    ]]>     2021-09-14 03:34:02 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738178137     Assistive Technology for Visually Impaired Persons lovancyingram https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738215779 Lovancy Ingram

    Screen readers are software programs that allow blind or visually impaired users to read the text that is displayed on the computer screen with a speech
    synthesizer or braille display.

    Blindness cane     -  Blindness canes are used by people with low or no vision in order to navigate unfamiliar environments. People typically learn how to use blindness canes from orientation and mobility (O&M) specialists

    Computers can be used as assistive technology in the classroom for displaying accessible assignments and allowing students to take notes that they can read. 


    ]]>     2021-09-14 03:49:09 UTC https://padlet.com/adrianalassus/1j1ivmwop0e5c9wj/wish/1738215779