A metaphor compares two different things directly by saying one is the other. Example: "The world is a stage."

2. Simile

A simile compares two things using "like" or "as." Example: "She runs like the wind."

3. Personification

Personification gives human traits to non-human things. Example: "The sun smiled down."

4. Hyperbole

Hyperbole is an exaggeration used for effect. Example: "I'm so hungry I could eat a horse."

Figurative language makes writing more engaging by painting vivid pictures in the reader's mind, enhancing emotional connections, and adding depth to the text. It helps readers experience feelings and imagery beyond the literal meaning of the words.