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      <title>4th  Period Padlet  by Douglas Altizer</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71</link>
      <description>Origins of Prosocial Behavior</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2020-09-04 12:58:26 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2020-09-04 18:35:24 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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      <item>
         <title>Ken Selection Theory</title>
         <author>04emmaahma1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721773888</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>You are more likely to help people altruistically who are biologically like you out of a biological need to carry on your gene pool.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:20:55 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721773888</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Bystanderism</title>
         <author>80charmorr1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774034</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>not helping someone in need of help<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:20:57 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774034</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Bartal, Decety and Mason (2011)</title>
         <author>27zoedang1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774256</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Carried out a study to see if rats would actively help another rat in distress. Batson also argues that empathy is an innate trait in all of us, but it is not clear why we do not experience a predictable level of empathy in a given situation.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:02 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774256</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Kin Selection Theory</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774312</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The degree of altruism that one demonstrates depends on the number of genes shared by the organisms.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774312</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Cialdini et al (1987)</title>
         <author>48willjohn1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774458</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Supported negative state relief model, which means that individuals just want to reduce discomfort caused by negative situations. Also suggests that egoistic motives cause altruistic behavior, not empathy.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774458</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Loftus &amp; Palmer (1974)</title>
         <author>66sienlang1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774479</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>aimed to show that leading questions could distort eyewitness testimony. The participants were asked to estimate the speed of a motor vehicle. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774479</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Toi and Babson (1982)</title>
         <author>74audrmark1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774661</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>There were two conditions: low empathy and high empathy. There was also easy and hard escape conditions. They found that the low empathy condition helped less when there was an easy escape, and the high empathy condition helped with both escape conditions. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:09 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774661</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Empathy-altruism model</title>
         <author>34elisfron1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774897</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>individuals experience two types of emotions when they see someone suffering<br>1) personal distress --&gt; egoistic helping<br>2) empathetic concern --&gt; altruistic helping</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:14 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721774897</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Loftus and Palmer (1974)</title>
         <author>75graclock2</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721775431</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>aimed to show that leading questions could alter eyewitness testimony. They created a questionaire asking people to  guess the speed of the vehicle </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:25 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721775431</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Warneken et. al</title>
         <author>00madecant1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721775723</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Is altruism hardwired? Researchers looked at the difference between altruistic behavior in 18 chimps and 22 18-month old human infants. The study found that both groups helped over 50% of the time, suggesting that there is an evolutionary root to altruism.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:31 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721775723</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>The  Similarity-Attraction Model</title>
         <author>35mitcgibb</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721775799</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>People who are like or similar are more attracted to each other.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:33 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721775799</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Warneken et al (2007)</title>
         <author>14adelcarl1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721775886</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Spontaneous helping is seen in other primates, so the researchers conducted this experiment to see if human infants would behave in the same way. Their results showed that both chimps and infants helped over 50% of the time. Since both had not been exposed to society and learned through others behaviors, it is evidence of the evolutionary root in helping behavior.  </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:34 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721775886</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Diffusion of Responsibility</title>
         <author>80charmorr1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721776278</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>"someone else will do it"</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:43 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721776278</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Darwin&#39;s Theory of Natural Selection</title>
         <author>49olivcald1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721776493</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Darwin studied Finches on different islands in the Galapagos. This study led to the Theory of Natural Selection, which argues that one adapts to their environment in order to breed and pass on traits/genes. The Kin Selection Theory is based on the Theory of Natural Selection, because it states that the degree of altruism that one demonstrates depends on the number of shared genes.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:46 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721776493</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Biological Altruism</title>
         <author>79gracburr</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721776705</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Suggests that evolution has impacted altruism and explains prosocial behaviors. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:21:51 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721776705</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Warneken et al</title>
         <author>76janeloga2</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721777519</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This study used both chimps and babies to see if alturisum/ pro social behavior is something that we are born with. The study found that over 50% of both chimps and babies helped the researcher. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:22:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721777519</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Pivilian et. al (1969)</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721777694</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>NYC Subway study. Found that it took longer for people to assist a drunk man than an ill man, appearing to confirm that people took longer to consider costs and benefits. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:22:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721777694</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Whiting and Whiting</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721777717</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Children from several different countries participated in a naturalistic observation over several days. They found that children who were assigned more responsibilities growing up typically engaged in more prosocial behavior, suggesting that a collaborative environment can foster altruistic behavior. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:22:07 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721777717</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Pluralistic Ignorance </title>
         <author>80charmorr1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721778329</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>If people see non reactions from others in what seems to be an emergency, they will have a nonreaction</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:22:18 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721778329</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>whiting and whiting</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721779042</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Kids 3-11 in six different countries were tested for helping behavior and see the differences and possible factor being learned culture.  <br>U.S. scored lower in comparison to asian, south american, and african countries. -dax<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:22:33 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721779042</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Social Identity Theory (Levine, 2005) In-group bias means people are more likely to help people in their in-group than out-group</title>
         <author>81ayditoke1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721780135</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:22:54 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721780135</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Selfish Gene Theory</title>
         <author>79gracburr</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721780712</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Organisms/beings attempt to maximize the amount of the best genes being passed down and that in pack animals, the genetic goal is survival over individuals.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:23:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721780712</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Negative state relief model</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721781475</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>egoistic motives lead us to help others in need rather than empathy with another person. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:23:22 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721781475</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Cultural Norms - agreed upon/expected guidelines for the members of a culture</title>
         <author>81ayditoke1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721781552</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:23:23 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721781552</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Inclusive Fitness </title>
         <author>04emmaahma1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721782275</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>A biological group's shared desire to keep their genes present in the gene pool by having as many as possible viable offspring.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:23:37 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721782275</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Duclos and Barasch (2014)</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721783663</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Evaluated the idea of becoming salient( more aware of our ingroup) He showed stories of people who had survived tornado disasters to people who were either primed to think of their independence (individualistic) or their relationships with others in their race (collectivism). When primed individualistically, they donated equally to both in group and outgroups. However, the people in the collective group donated more to their race.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:24:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721783663</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Social Exchange Theory</title>
         <author>34elisfron1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721783971</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>we rationally measure costs and benefits before deciding whether or not to help others</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:24:12 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721783971</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Warneken et al</title>
         <author>52sophesco1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721784618</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Studied altruistic behavior in chimpanzees and 18 month old babies. Warneken sought to study whether or not prosocial behavior is in human nature. Both animal and human helped at same rate but within different times. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:24:25 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721784618</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Social Exchange Theory</title>
         <author>80charmorr1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721787123</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>relationships are based on subjective cost-benefit analysis</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:25:13 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721787123</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Levine (2005)</title>
         <author>81ayditoke1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721788789</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Study done on football players where person in need of help would be wearing either an in-group or out-group football jersey, it was found that football players wearing the in-group jerseys would help more often</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:25:48 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721788789</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Hunter &amp; Linn</title>
         <author>66sienlang1</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721791544</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Volunteering in correlated with self-less activity. They demonstrated that when compared to those who did not volunteer, older adults who volunteered regularly showed greater satisfaction in life and exhibited reduced rates of depression and anxiety.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-09-04 18:26:47 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/daltizer4/1g1wwzvjbxng8g71/wish/721791544</guid>
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