- Goal: The user wants to send an email to a friend to invite them to an event.

2. Formulates Intention

- The user decides they need to open the email app, compose a message, add the recipient, and then click "Send" to complete the action.

3. Specifies Actions at Interface

-The user opens the email application and clicks on "Compose New Email." Then, they type the recipient's email address, subject, and message content.

4. Executes Action

-The user presses the "Send" button after completing the email.

5. Perceives System State

- The system responds by showing a confirmation message, such as "Sending..." or an indicator showing the email is being sent.

6. Interprets System State

- The user interprets the confirmation message to mean that the email is being sent successfully, or notices an error if something went wrong (e.g., an invalid email address).

7. Evaluates System State with Respect to Goal

- The user checks the "Sent" folder to confirm that the email was successfully sent and that it reached the intended recipient. If successful, the goal has been achieved.

1. User Establishes the Goal

• Goal: Pengguna mahu membeli tiket wayang secara dalam talian untuk menonton filem kegemaran.

2. Formulates Intention

• Pengguna memutuskan untuk membuka aplikasi GSC, pilih filem ( EJEN ALI ) masa tayangan, kerusi, dan buat pembayaran.

3. Specifies Actions at Interface

• Pengguna log masuk ke akaun GSC online, pilih “Movie Ticket”, kemudian pilih filem, tarikh (18 Ogos), masa (3 petang) dan tempat duduk (16D).

4. Executes Action

• Pengguna klik pada butang “Buy / Pay Now” dan masukkan maklumat pembayaran (kad kredit / e-wallet).

5. Perceives System State

• Sistem memaparkan mesej pengesahan seperti “Payment Successful” atau “Booking Confirmed”, dan tiket digital dihantar ke email / aplikasi.

6. Interprets System State

• Pengguna memahami bahawa pembayaran berjaya dan tiket telah ditempah. Jika ada ralat (contoh: transaksi gagal), pengguna tahu tempahan tidak berjaya.

7. Evaluates System State with Respect to Goal

• Pengguna periksa email / aplikasi untuk sahkan tiket telah diterima. Jika berjaya, matlamat membeli tiket online tercapai.

1. User Establishes the Goal

Goal: The student wants to register subjects for the new semester using the SPMP system.

2. Formulates Intention

The student decides to log in to SPMP and select subjects according to their study plan.

3. Specifies Action Sequence

The student opens the SPMP website, logs in with their ID and password, selects the “Subject Registration” menu, and then chooses the required course codes.

4. Executes Action

The student clicks the “Register” button after selecting the subjects.

5. Perceives System State

The system displays a status message such as “Registration in progress” or shows a list of the selected subjects.

6. Interprets System State

The student interprets the displayed message to confirm whether the registration was successful, still processing, or if an error occurred (e.g., timetable clash or missing prerequisite).

7. Evaluates System State with Respect to Goal

The student checks the list of registered subjects to ensure all subjects were successfully recorded. If successful, the registration goal has been achieved.

The Seven Stages of Action: Downloading a Movie on Netflix

1. User Establishes the Goal

Goal: The user wants to download a movie from Netflix to watch later during a commute where they won't have an internet connection.

2. Formulates Intention

The user decides they need to open the Netflix app, search for or find the specific movie they want, and then locate and select the download option.

3. Specifies Actions at Interface

The user unlocks their phone/tablet, taps the Netflix app icon, uses the search function to find the movie, and navigates to the movie's details page. They then look for and tap the "Download" button (icon of a downward arrow).

4. Executes Action

The user taps the "Download" button to initiate the download process.

5. Perceives System State

The system responds by changing the "Download" button into a progress indicator (e.g., a circling arrow or a filling bar) and shows a notification that the download has been "Queued" or is "Downloading." A new "Downloads" section may also appear.

6. Interprets System State

The user interprets the progress indicator to mean that the movie is being saved to their device. They understand that once the progress bar is full or disappears, the download is complete and ready to watch offline.

7. Evaluates System State with Respect to Goal

The user goes to the "My Downloads" section within the Netflix app to confirm the movie is present and has a checkmark or "Downloaded" label. They may open the movie briefly to ensure it plays without needing Wi-Fi. The goal is achieved; they have a movie ready for their commute.

-MUHD JOHANEEF HAKEEM BIN CHE MANSOR

-NU'MAN A'DZIMI BIN MOHD SYARIFF

-ANDREW OOI SHEN XIANG

-CHEW KHAI ZHE

-MUHAMMAD ADIB AHNAF BIN MUHAMAD NOOR HAFIZI

1. User Establishes the Goal

Goal: The user wants to buy a new pair of shoes from an online store.



2. Formulates Intention

The user decides they need to open the shopping app/website, search for shoes, choose one, add to cart, and make the payment.



3. Specifies Actions at Interface

The user opens the shopping website/app, types “running shoes” in the search bar, selects a product, chooses size/color, and clicks “Add to Cart.”



4. Executes Action

The user clicks “Checkout,” enters payment and shipping details, and presses “Place Order.”



5. Perceives System State

The system shows a confirmation screen: “Order Placed Successfully,” with an order number and expected delivery date.



6. Interprets System State

The user understands that the order has been accepted and is being processed, or notices an error if payment failed.



7. Evaluates System State with Respect to Goal

The user checks their email or the “My Orders” section to confirm the order details. If the order appears in the list, the goal (buying shoes online) is achieved.

Muhammad Ilham bin Rozali

Zul Aiman Hamizan bin Zulkifli

Zafran Fitri bin Azahari

Finding a Recipe for Cooking

1. User Establishes the Goal

Goal: The user wants to find a recipe to cook spaghetti carbonara for dinner.

2. Formulates Intention

The user decides they need to open a recipe app or website, search for a spaghetti carbonara recipe, and choose one that looks suitable.

3. Specifies Actions at Interface

The user opens the recipe app or website, types “spaghetti carbonara recipe” in the search bar, browses the available options, and clicks on a recipe that seems appealing.

4. Executes Action

The user selects the chosen recipe and opens the full instructions to view ingredients and steps.

5. Perceives System State

The system displays the complete recipe with ingredients, cooking time, steps, and maybe even ratings or reviews from other users.

6. Interprets System State

The user reads the recipe details and determines whether it suits their preferences checking cooking difficulty, required ingredients, and preparation time.

7. Evaluates System State with Respect to Goal

The user decides to follow the recipe and if the dish turns out as expected, the goal is successfully achieved.

MUHAMMAD ADAM FARHAN BIN MD KHAIRIZAL (F1038)

MUHAMMAD HARIS IKHWAN BIN MOHAMAD KAMIL (F1005)

MUHAMMAD AQASHA ANDREW BIN MOHAMAD FIRUS (F1084)

1. Pengguna Membentuk Matlamat (User Establishes the Goal)

Matlamat: Pengguna mahu membeli tiket wayang untuk menonton filem kegemaran pada hujung minggu.

2. Pengguna Merumuskan Niat (Formulates Intention)

-Pengguna membuat keputusan bahawa mereka perlu membuka aplikasi/laman web pawagam, pilih filem, lokasi pawagam, tarikh, masa tayangan, tempat duduk dan membuat pembayaran.

3. Pengguna Menentukan Tindakan pada Antara Muka (Specifies Actions at Interface)

-Pengguna membuka aplikasi/laman web pawagam, klik pada filem yang ingin ditonton, pilih tarikh dan masa, pilih tempat duduk yang masih kosong, dan klik ke halaman pembayaran.

4. Pengguna Melaksanakan Tindakan (Executes Action)

-Pengguna memasukkan maklumat pembayaran (kad/debit/e-wallet) dan klik butang “Bayar” untuk mengesahkan pembelian tiket.

5. Pengguna Memerhati Keadaan Sistem (Perceives System State)

-Sistem memaparkan mesej pengesahan seperti “Pembelian Berjaya” serta memberikan e-tiket dengan kod QR.

6. Pengguna Mentafsir Keadaan Sistem (Interprets System State)

-Pengguna mentafsir bahawa transaksi berjaya berdasarkan mesej pengesahan dan e-tiket yang diterima.

7. Pengguna Menilai Keadaan Sistem Berdasarkan Matlamat (Evaluates System State with Respect to Goal)

-Pengguna menyemak emel atau aplikasi untuk memastikan e-tiket diterima. Jika tiket sah dengan maklumat filem, masa, dan tempat duduk yang betul, matlamat telah tercapai.

Step-by-step using Norman’s Execution-Evaluation Cycle:

1) User establishes the goal

→ You want to inform your teacher and explain why you missed class.

2) Formulates intention

→ You intend to write a polite, clear letter explaining your absence and ask for any missed work.

3) Specifies actions at the interface

→ You decide to open your microsoft word, choose the recipient (your teacher), and plan the structure of the letter.

4) Executes action

→ You write the letter and send it.

5) Perceives system state

→ You see that the email was sent successfully.

6) Interprets system state

→ You interpret that your teacher will receive your explanation.

7) Evaluates system state with respect to goal

→ You confirm that your goal explaining your absence and maintaining communication has been fulfilled.

2. Formulates Intention : The user decides they need to open the AirAsia app/website, search for flights, select a suitable option, and complete the payment.

3. Specifies Actions at Interface : The user identifies the steps: Open Airasia app/website,search flight, select date, choose flight, enter passenger details, make payment.

4. Executes Action : The user opens the app/website, selects departure and destination, inputs travel dates, chooses passengers, and clicks “Search.” Once the payment is completed, the user receives a booking confirmation.

5. Perceives System State : The system responds by showing a confirmation screen, a booking reference number, or a message like "Processing your booking…"

6. Interprets System State : The user understands the displayed information, such as confirmation of the selected flight.

7 Evaluates System State with Respect to Goal : The user checks the booking confirmation and ensures that the flight time, price, and seat selection are correct after proceeding with payment.

2.SAFIRA KHIARINA

3.NUR ERDINA

4.NUR ASYIKIN

TEAM MEMBERS

1. SRINIVASA (F1012)

2. DINESSHWARAN (F1016)

3. HAZEEQ AFNAN (F1004)

4. MAHALETCHUMI (F1014)

Example Scenario: Writing a Letter Explaining Absence from Class

Step-by-step using Norman’s Execution-Evaluation Cycle:

1) User establishes the goal

→ You want to inform your teacher about your absence for class

2) Formulates intention

→ You intend to write a polite, clear letter explaining your absence and ask for any missed work.

3) Specifies actions at the interface

→ You decide to open your microsoft word, choose the recipient (your teacher), and plan the structure of the letter.

4) Executes action

→ You write the letter using Microsoft Word and send it through email.

5) Perceives system state

→ You see that the email was sent successfully.

6) Interprets system state

→ You interpret that your teacher will receive your explanation.

7) Evaluates system state with respect to goal

→ You confirm that your goal explaining your absence and maintaining communication has been fulfilled.

2. Muhammad Hakimi Bin Mohd Salleh

3. Muhammad Zhaqwan Bin Zulkarnain

4. Muhammad Danial Adha Bin Abdullah