Magdalena River Watershed by Stormi Fee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q Created by: Stormi Fee en-us 2018-11-27 03:40:57 UTC 2018-12-02 03:25:49 UTC hello@padlet.com Magdalena River Watershed stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/308110560 Created by: Stormi Fee]]> 2018-11-27 03:43:16 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/308110560 Location stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/308115504 The Magdalena River is located in Colombia which is a country in South America. 
  • Colombia is located in the northern region of South America
  • The Watershed stretches from the Andean Cordillera to the Caribbean sea and across the west half of Colombia
  • Magdalena is the principal river and stretches 949 miles with a drainage basin of 105,000 square miles
  • 80% of Colombia's population relies on the basin, population of Colombia ~49.46 million  (Navarro-Racines, 2016) 

]]> 2018-11-27 04:19:14 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/308115504 Demographics stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/308627011
  • Country has a tropical climate, depending on the elevation you are at the climate may vary but stays mostly constant all year
  • ~ 100 inches of rainfall yearly, and with an average annual temperature of 74 degrees Fahrenheit.  (The Weather in Colombia, 2017). 
  • Predication for changes in annual precipitation show decreases of 5% to an increase of 8%  (The Weather in Colombia, 2017). 


]]> 2018-11-28 04:22:16 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/308627011 How the River is a Support System stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/308629312
  • Water aids in agricultural production of coffee, corn, plantains, manioc and cacao
  • Supplies 60% of Colombia's fish consumption which is one of the main sources of protein for the surrounding area
  • Supplies fresh drinking water
  • Generates a large portion of the country's hydroelectric energy
  • River is a source of supporting services for all who flourish in the basin due to its role in food, water, energy security

]]> 2018-11-28 04:43:51 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/308629312 Dams Along the River stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309129929
  • 35 dams currently operating and 100 sites for new projects being planned (Navarro-Racines, 2016)
  • 1989 the first dam was built over the river 
  • The Quimbo Hydroelectric project which was completed in 2011 
    • ]]>     2018-11-29 03:41:57 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309129929     Colombia's Resources stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309130644 Nonrenewable resources
    • Gold, coal, and petroleum
    Renewable resources
    • Hydro power from Dams
    • Some solar and Wind
    Colombia produces enough energy for domestic use, and exports the rest to Venezuela, Panama, and Ecuador.Demand for energy is expected to grow 3.5% per year through 2020 (Population of Cities in Colombia , 2018)

    Picture below is of Colombia's energy mix
    (James, 2018)
    ]]>     2018-11-29 03:49:42 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309130644     Major Concerns Surrounding the River stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309134021
  • Increase population has caused increase energy needs
  • Impact that current dams and future dams have on environmental factors
  • Impacts that caused to surrounding areas that are affected by flood plains
  • Increased flooding, damaging crops, and personal land
  • Decreased supply of fish, decreased food source, and decrease production for local fisherman
  • Displacement of locals due to flooding and war

    • Picture below is of The Quimbo Hydroelectric dam
    ("Progetto idroelettrico El Quimbo")
    ]]>     2018-11-29 04:18:05 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309134021     Ecosystem Impacts stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309137339
  • 2735 different animal species in the diverse ecosystem surround the river 
  • 3 important species are endangered; Brown Spider Monkey, Blue Billed curssrow, and the Magdalena River Turtle. These species are endangered due to habitat destruction from the construction of dams. 
  • These dams have caused alteration in the flow of the river impacting the flow of the river, temperature of water, nutrient levels, oxygen levels, and flood plains areas where birds and other species take home in. 
  • It has also effected the fish population by making migration and spawning more difficult even with fish ladders. This has also made the area more acceptable to invasive species. 

    • Picture below is of the Magdalena River Turtle
    (Zicha, 2011)
    ]]>     2018-11-29 04:51:51 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309137339     Benefits of Hydro Power stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309137424
  • Increase use of energy efficient hydro power has lessen the need to mine non-renewable energy sources, decreasing the pollution in the Magdalena River
  • Provides economic sustainability for Colombia
  • Clean or Green energy source by not emitting any greenhouse gasses in to the atmosphere
  • Average life time for a hydro power dam is between 50-100 years depending on maintenance make it a investment when their are constructed

    • Picture below is of the Magdalena River 
    ]]>     2018-11-29 04:52:54 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309137424     Downfalls of Hydro Power stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309137439
  • These dams have impacted the rivers ecosystem by disrupting the natural flow/ cycle of the river. This has affect fish population and other species that use the river as a highway
  • Increased flooding and displacement of people and wildlife. 
  • Dams are expensive to construct 
  • The flooding is also causing pollutants from mining and agriculture farms to seep into the water ways and carry it down to main drinking sources
    • Below is a picture of the Magdalena basin being flooded 
    (Goez, 2012)
    ]]>     2018-11-29 04:53:09 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309137439     Connection to Ready Player One: Environmental Change and their impacts stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309138588
  • A rise in increased population also increases demand for energy production, this is results in environmental impacts
  • This is similar in Ready Player One, when the Global Energy Crisis hits due to all natural energy sources being depleted (Cline, 2013)
  • Increased construction of dams have increased the amount of displacement of people from their homes due to them being in the path of flood plains. This happens when people are displaced in the "stacks" which were mobile homes stacked on top each other resulting a form of poverty.
  • The impacts that the use of energy has on the way of living is vital for a striving future, like in the book the environment can make a come back if we continue on the path of destruction.
    • Picture below is of stacks in Ready Player One 
    ]]>     2018-11-29 05:06:11 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309138588     Solution for Flow of the River stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309582293 Removing Large dams would be an expensive project and may not solve all the surrounding impacts that the dams have made to the environment. Instead of removing the dams;
    • Management the flow rate of the dams
    • Provide maintenance and update the older dams so that are running more efficiently
    • The Government of Colombia is planning on improving conservation efforts and promote a better environment by better managing the dams and the flood plain zones.
    • Currently there is a Hyrdrometorologic Alter Network for the river basin. It was established in the 70's. This is an alarm radio network system that alerts when flood waters are increasing. The river has 59 automatic stations but they need maintenance and improvements. 

    ]]>     2018-11-29 22:20:29 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309582293     The Triple Bottom Line stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309583816 Has three pillars of sustainability are society, economy, and the environment. Using the Magdalena River hydro power as an example of how hard it is to have a successfully triple bottom line due to all the factors. For this example the economy is growing but as a result social equity and the environment are not doing as equally well. As a throwaway economy that maybe developing into sustainable with the correct management. ]]> 2018-11-29 22:26:40 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309583816 Solution for the Environment and Fishing stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309628108
  • To construct larger fish ladders near the river's dam
  • Increase fish stocking programs for native species of fish
  • Put a limit or cap to how many fish locals can get and put a stop to large fishing operations that are local. Give the fish time to re-coop.
  • Dredging has also been happening where their is large sediment built up and machines are coming in to dredge these areas.

    • ]]>     2018-11-30 02:51:30 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309628108     Solution for Displacement of People stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309628144
  • As the economy makes a come back and the Colombia war has been on the decline I see a decrease in the amount of poverty.
  • An increased amount of climate change will still be impacting the flooding waters during the rainy season.
    • Below is a news article from 2008 when a levee broke free from the Magdalene River
    ]]>     2018-11-30 02:51:40 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309628144     Conflict/War in Colombia stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309628694
  • Multiple agencies have jurisdiction over the basin, 734 municipalities and 13 federal agencies(Stories in Colombia, 2018)
  • After a 50 year war between the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia came to a peace agreement in 2016. This will prevent further war and following terms of agreement this will put violence and combat that has impacted society to rest. The government will continue to negotiate further peace agreements. 
    • Attached is a timeline if you would like to know more about the history of war with Colombia that has affected people. 

    ]]>     2018-11-30 02:55:40 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309628694     Displacement of Locals stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309646229 Displacement of Colombia citizens surrounding the river is due to flooding and war conflict.
    • Displacement of people seeking refugee due to flooding once had rich land that they could grow crops on, fish, and pan for gold, now struggle to find a stable place to live. 
    • Houses that have been destroyed in the wake of the flooding are leaving people homeless and force to go else where.
    • Destruction of fertile land has lead to low crop production and a high unemployment rate.
    ]]>     2018-11-30 05:33:59 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309646229     Slums of Colombia stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309647299
  • Slums are settlements due to results of rapid population growth that does not have housing and standard living. They are usually shacks that were developed without any planning. 
  • There is also a slum formation in Magdalena's flood plains due to people not being able to find basic needs and needing to rely on the land for a small amount of crop. This happened due to war and flooding of original housing.

    • https://www.monografias.com/trabajos43/magdalena-river-basin/magdalena-river-basin2.shtml
    ]]>     2018-11-30 05:48:53 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309647299     Outlook for the Economy stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309647376 Colombia has a emerging economy, even though it is growing there is still 34% of the population of Colombia that lives in poor conditions.
    https://borgenproject.org/10-facts-about-poverty-in-colombia/
    If you would like to learn more about the current economy please see attached. ]]>     2018-11-30 05:49:55 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309647376     Visiting the Magdelena River stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309647395
    Best towns to visit near the Magdalena River; Bogota is a hot local tourist spots, Some other towns to visit are Honda and San Agustin are both reachable by car.  Mompox is only reached by boat or canoe.

    Below is a witty blog that gives you insight on visiting the Magdalena River ]]>     2018-11-30 05:50:09 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309647395     To Sum It Up stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309647514
  • Balancing energy and the environment along with providing for a growing population is a struggle for Columbia. 
  • Hydro power is efficient way to reduce carbon emission by using a renewable resource.
  • Though Hydro power comes with benefits it is making a huge impact on the environment and ecosystem
  • The river is a important source for people and animals in Colombia and hopefully with new managing tactics it will over come the downfalls

    • ]]>     2018-11-30 05:51:50 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309647514     Bibliography stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309906195 Cline, E. (2013). Ready Player One. New York : Broadway Books 

    Geraats, J. (2017, January 08). Colombia crossing the Magdalena river from Aipe to Villavieja. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xai-Cl4BfTc

    Goez, H. H. (n.d.). Flood management and slums formation in Magdalena?s River Basin-Colombia (página 2). Retrieved from https://www.monografias.com/trabajos43/magdalena-river-basin/magdalena-river-basin2.shtml

    James, C. S. (n.d.). Colombia's hurdles to developing a viable renewable energy sector. Retrieved from http://carlosstjames.com/renewable-energy/colombias-hurdles-to-developing-a-viable-renewable-energy-sector/

    Mcgee, J. (2015, July 21). Opinion Climate Change . Retrieved from Make a Contribution : https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jul/21/organic-farms-carbon-footprint-climate-change

    Navarro-Racines, C. E. (2016, July 14). Climate projections on Colombia’s Eastern Plains by 2040. Retrieved from CIAT Website: https://blog.ciat.cgiar.org/climate-projections-on-colombias-eastern-plains-by-2040/

    Population of Cities in Colombia . (2018, October 16). Retrieved from Word Population Review: http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/colombia-population/cities/

    Progetto idroelettrico El Quimbo[Photograph]. (2011). Huila Department on Colombia's Magdalena River.

    Second Longest River In Europe. (n.d.). Retrieved from homesecurity.press: https://www.google.com/search?q=famous+rivers+and+mountains+of+south+america&tbm=isch&tbs=simg:CAQSmQEJewpRJrwbL9YajQELEKjU2AQaBggVCAEICQwLELCMpwgaYgpgCAMSKP8VkR6bC_1kV9hX7Ff4V-hXzFYoeyjjPOOM-zjiqKqQqyDirKsk4xzgaMJk6eih39y9xtBfOuBF_1P0Fk141eCSyPSLwDRdFYxD

    Stories in Colombia. (2018, October 17). Retrieved from The Nature Conservancy: https://www.nature.org/en-us/about-us/where-we-work/latin-america/colombia/stories-in-colombia/magdalena-river/

    The Weather in Colombia. (2017, September 08). Retrieved from Uncover Colombia: http://www.uncovercolombia.com/en/item/the-weather-in-colombia

    Zicha, O. (n.d.). BioLib: Biological library. Retrieved from https://www.biolib.cz/en/image/id34513/

     

    ]]>     2018-11-30 18:11:53 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309906195     stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309908195 2018-11-30 18:15:49 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309908195 stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309908242 2018-11-30 18:15:56 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309908242 Conservation Efforts of The Magdalene River Turtle stormileefee https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309908270
  • The Magdalena River Turtle is listed as a critically endangered species due to habitat destruction and hunting for meat. 
  • It is a large freshwater turtle and has been an important factor for the natives of the river. It is a good source of income and food for locals and holds some traditional values for natives.
  • Efforts have been made to conserve this species by WCS and TSA to keep funding for creating artificial beaches protected from flood waters and clean up on banks allowing adequate vegation for turtles to thrive in. 
    • Attached is a PDF explain some conservation efforts
    ]]>     2018-11-30 18:15:59 UTC https://padlet.com/stormileefee/18htrfltgy2q/wish/309908270