https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv By: Marianella Pelosi, Pilar Villagra, Rocio Perales, and Martina Lafratto en-us 2020-10-16 18:32:49 UTC 2025-11-19 15:45:47 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/2692.png mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836662176 2020-10-16 18:39:59 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836662176 marianellapelosi https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836664822 2020-10-16 18:40:50 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836664822 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836668314 Fossil fuels were formed a very long time ago, hundreds of millions of year ago to be more precise. ]]> 2020-10-16 18:41:54 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836668314 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836674176 Fossil fuels are non-renewable and are the main category for sources of energy like coal, oil, and natural gas.]]> 2020-10-16 18:43:34 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836674176 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836681162 2020-10-16 18:45:49 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836681162 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836700991 In some areas, the coal was formed in swamps covered with water with a lot of "Sulfur".]]> 2020-10-16 18:52:28 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836700991 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836940933 2020-10-16 20:31:27 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836940933 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836941715 2020-10-16 20:31:53 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836941715 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836942410 2020-10-16 20:32:17 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836942410 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836943648 2020-10-16 20:32:56 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836943648 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836944965 2020-10-16 20:33:38 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/836944965 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/837098040 Coal was formed from dead remains of trees, ferns, and other plants that lived in the "Carboniferous" period, 300-400 years ago.]]> 2020-10-16 22:27:22 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/837098040 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/837110338 As the sea level changed, the sulfur began to form part of the "sedimentation".]]> 2020-10-16 22:40:53 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/837110338 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/837114238 Today the coal of these areas  contain much more sulfur than in other areas.]]> 2020-10-16 22:44:52 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/837114238 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/837117986 Other types of coal were formed from freshwater with very little of "Sulfur". That is why these areas release much less sulfur when burned.]]> 2020-10-16 22:48:32 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/837117986 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/837127728 This is important because when sulfur is mixed with rainwater it becomes weak sulfuric acid, that is like acid rain.]]> 2020-10-16 22:59:26 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/837127728 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/837131159 2020-10-16 23:03:17 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/837131159 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/838041704 The vegetation that is unknown is buried under layers of sediment. This keeps matter in a state without oxygen and as time passes that temperature increases, forming coal.]]> 2020-10-17 22:35:45 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/838041704 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/838073861 In first place, the "peat" is partially decomposed vegetation in which roots and branches can be observe.]]> 2020-10-17 23:40:43 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/838073861 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/838077306 Secondly, the peat is compressed, heated and turns into "Lignite." The Lignite contains more coal than the peat but also contains a lot of unfamiliar woods.]]> 2020-10-17 23:48:13 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/838077306 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/842679270 With increasing temperature, pressure and time, "Subbituminous" carbon and "Bituminous" carbon are formed. These two types contain up to 86 percent of carbon that is burned in industrial boilers to transform it into a processed carbon that is used in the manufacture of steel.]]> 2020-10-19 20:06:32 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/842679270 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/842699948 Finally the "Anthracite" is formed. This is a harder type of carbon that contains  much more carbon. When it burns it produce a lot of heat and also takes longer to form.]]> 2020-10-19 20:13:52 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/842699948 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856889291 The need for energy has become so popular over the years that we are starting to run out of it, very quickly. ]]> 2020-10-23 18:16:12 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856889291 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856891395  You can find fossil fuels in your car or a train, for example. All of these examples burn fossil fuels, however burning fossil fuels over the years has lead to major air pollution. ]]> 2020-10-23 18:16:42 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856891395 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856892341 This is why its important to be more cautious with our carbon footprint.]]> 2020-10-23 18:16:58 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856892341 marianellapelosi https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856905687 2020-10-23 18:20:29 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856905687 marianellapelosi https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856907567 2020-10-23 18:20:59 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856907567 marianellapelosi https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856908897 2020-10-23 18:21:20 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856908897 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856909240 Fossil fuels are mainly made up of dead organisms, like plants and animals. The climate back then was a lot more humid and warm, making the plants grow much more. ]]> 2020-10-23 18:21:27 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856909240 marianellapelosi https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856909941 2020-10-23 18:21:39 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856909941 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856910649 The areas in which fossil fuels were originally created were in swamp-like and forest environments. ]]> 2020-10-23 18:21:51 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856910649 marianellapelosi https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856910713 The gas is less dense than water, so begin to rise up through the porous (sponge-like) rock. It took millions of years for the natural gas to migrate only a few kilometres upwards.]]> 2020-10-23 18:21:52 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856910713 marianellapelosi https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856911672 2020-10-23 18:22:09 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856911672 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856911927 When the trees would die, and the river floods in, it made the trees submerge under the water and not rot (due to the anaerobic conditions). ]]> 2020-10-23 18:22:12 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856911927 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856912644 Then layers of sediments began to set in and the process repeats. As there were more layers being added throughout the years, they began to compress together. ]]> 2020-10-23 18:22:24 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856912644 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856913281 2020-10-23 18:22:34 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856913281 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856926760 2020-10-23 18:26:25 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856926760 https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856942815 2020-10-23 18:30:59 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/856942815 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857204787 2020-10-23 19:57:21 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857204787 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857206881 2020-10-23 19:58:14 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857206881 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857222304 oil comes from the remains of dead organisms, it is made up of a mixture of hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon atoms. It exists in liquid form in underground reservoirs in the tiny spaces within sedimentary rocks.]]> 2020-10-23 20:04:30 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857222304 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857230755 2020-10-23 20:08:03 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857230755 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857255285 2020-10-23 20:18:48 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857255285 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857268643 Organisms absorbed energy from the sun and stored it as carbon molecules within their bodies. Once they died their remains sank to the bottom of the oceans or riverbeds and were buried in layers of sand, mud, and rock.]]> 2020-10-23 20:24:50 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857268643 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857273012 Over millions of years, the remains were buried deeper and deeper under more sediment and organic materials. The enormous pressure, high temperatures, and lack of oxygen transformed the organic matter into a waxy substance called kerogen.]]> 2020-10-23 20:27:00 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857273012 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857275349 With even more heat, pressure, and time the kerogen transforms into hydrocarbons.]]> 2020-10-23 20:28:07 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857275349 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857276977 Different combinations of pressure, heat and the composition of organic material will transform hydrocarbons into oil.]]> 2020-10-23 20:28:55 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857276977 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857295666 2020-10-23 20:38:26 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857295666 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857304964 Oil has become the world's most important source of energy, it is used for products underpin modern society, mainly used energy, heat homes and provide fuel for vehicles and aeroplanes to carry goods and people all over the world.]]> 2020-10-23 20:43:22 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857304964 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857313577 2020-10-23 20:48:08 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857313577 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857315639 2020-10-23 20:49:15 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857315639 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857322644 2020-10-23 20:52:56 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857322644 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857323899 2020-10-23 20:53:35 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857323899 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857339338 2020-10-23 21:01:43 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857339338 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857353940 It is a fact that the world will run out of oil, and since it takes millions of years to make it, we can’t just create more.]]> 2020-10-23 21:09:51 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857353940 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857359112 So, to reeplace oil we'll use renewable resources like wind, solar and hydro power. Cars might run on electricity, or even water. We might rely more heavily on public transportation, like trains and buses. It would be a new and different reality we'll have to adapt at.]]> 2020-10-23 21:13:03 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857359112 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857373277 petroleum is mostly used as a source of energy. It is used in three major ways:
- Transportation
- Electricity Generation 
- Material Production.]]> 2020-10-23 21:22:03 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857373277 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857392745 2020-10-23 21:35:07 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857392745 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857397329 2020-10-23 21:38:05 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857397329 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857401360  We use fuel, to propel vehicles, to heat buildings, and to produce electricity.]]> 2020-10-23 21:40:49 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857401360 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857404175 Synthetic mateials are more durable than most natural fibers and will readily pick-up different dyes.]]> 2020-10-23 21:43:00 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857404175 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857406311 2020-10-23 21:44:33 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857406311 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857409354 2020-10-23 21:46:52 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857409354 rocioperales https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857410013 2020-10-23 21:47:24 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/857410013 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877581254 Today, oil, coal, and gas provide for about 80 percent of our energy needs.]]> 2020-10-30 18:52:10 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877581254 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877596690 2020-10-30 18:57:19 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877596690 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877599688 Unearthing, processing, and moving underground oil, gas, and coal deposits take an enormous toll on our landscapes and ecosystems. The fossil fuel industry leases vast stretches of land for infrastructures such as wells, pipelines, access roads, as well as facilities for processing, waste storage, and waste disposal.]]> 2020-10-30 18:58:13 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877599688 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877600422 Coal, oil, and gas development pose myriad threats to our waterways and groundwater. Coal mining operations wash acid runoff into streams, rivers, and lakes and dump vast quantities of unwanted rock and soil into streams. Oil spills and leaks during extraction or transport can pollute drinking water sources and jeopardize entire freshwater or ocean ecosystems. Fracking and its toxic fluids have also been found to contaminate drinking water, a fact that the Environmental Protection Agency was slow to recognize.]]> 2020-10-30 18:58:29 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877600422 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877601182 Fossil fuels release harmful air pollutants long before they’re burned. Indeed, some 12.6 million Americans are exposed daily to toxic air pollution from active oil and gas wells and from transport and processing facilities. These include benzene (linked to childhood leukemia and blood disorders) and formaldehyde (a cancer-causing chemical). A booming fracking industry will bring that pollution to more backyards, despite mounting evidence of the practice’s serious health impacts. Mining operations are no better, especially for the miners themselves, generating toxic airborne particulate matter. Strip mining—particularly in places such as Canada’s boreal forest—can release giant carbon stores held naturally in the wild.]]> 2020-10-30 18:58:45 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877601182 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877601845 When we burn oil, coal, and gas, we don’t just meet our energy needs—we drive the current global warming crisis as well. Fossil fuels produce large quantities of carbon dioxide when burned. Carbon emissions trap heat in the atmosphere and lead to climate change. In the United States, the burning of fossil fuels, particularly for the power and transportation sectors, accounts for about three-quarters of our carbon emissions.]]> 2020-10-30 18:58:59 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877601845 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877602778 Fossil fuels release more than just carbon dioxide when burned. Coal-fired power plants singlehandedly generate 42 percent of dangerous mercury emissions in the United States, as well as two-thirds of U.S. sulfur dioxide emissions (which contribute to acid rain) and the vast majority of soot (particulate matter) in our air. Meanwhile, fossil fuel-powered cars, trucks, and boats are the main contributors to poisonous carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide, which produces smog (and respiratory illnesses) on hot days.]]> 2020-10-30 18:59:19 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877602778 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877832494 2020-10-30 20:31:05 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877832494 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877834761 2020-10-30 20:31:58 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877834761 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877839529 2020-10-30 20:34:05 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877839529 mlafratto https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877842929 2020-10-30 20:35:40 UTC https://padlet.com/mlafratto/17ldjgby8lig1ncv/wish/877842929