CO2 + H2O + Light --> C6H12O6 + O2

Autotrophs are also known as producers. Think about the produce section of a grocery store, that's where all the vegetables and fruits (plants) are.

Examples: trees, grass, flowers

Examples: humans, dogs, cats, bears, squirrels

In chemical equations, they are BEFORE the arrow.

In photosynthesis, the reactants are:

Carbon dioxide (CO2), Water (H2O), Sunlight (energy)

In cellular respiration, the reactants are:

Sugar (Glucose- C6H12O6), Oxygen (O2)

In a chemical equation, they are AFTER the arrow.

In photosynthesis, the products are:

Sugar (Glucose- C6H12O6), Oxygen (O2)

In cellular respiration, the products are:

Carbon dioxide (CO2), Water (H2O), ATP (energy)

Chloroplasts are found in the green leaves of plants.

It absorbs the light from the sun.

It reflects green and yellow which is why most plants are green.

Productivity increases when water, light, and carbon dioxide are available.

Productivity decreases when there is a lack of water, light, and/or carbon dioxide available.

ATP is energy that our cells need to do work.

C6H12O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O + ATP

Who does it? Plants, Animals, Decomposers

Two kinds of cellular respiration: aerobic and anaerobic

creates 36 ATP molecules

creates 2 ATP molecules

Example: fermentation-

Alcoholic fermentation is what happens with the yeast when you make bread.

Contains NON-LIVING factors: rock, soil

Geo= Earth

Examples: a volcano, a mountain, a hill, underground

HYDRO= water

• Surface water

  • oceans, lakes, river

• Groundwater

• Water trapped in the soil

• Water in the atmosphere as vapor

• Frozen water

  • ice caps, glaciers

BIO= Life

Animals, plants, bacteria, fungi

ATMOS= Air

Four layers: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere

Primarily composed of Nitrogen (78%) and Oxygen (21%)

When it erupts, it is sending gases out into atmosphere.

When these winds meet over water, the atmosphere is interacting with the hydrosphere.

When animals (living) exhale carbon dioxide and when plants (living) release oxygen, they are interacting with the atmosphere.

The underwater volcano and tectonic plates are part of the geosphere. When it creates a tsunami, the geosphere is now interacting with the hydrosphere.

Energy flows.

Think of the word "vapor."

When a solid or liquid form of water falls from the sky.

Example: fungi like mushrooms

Example- Temperature regulation

Positive: One direction (only up or only down)

Example- Blood clotting

More algae= more death of plants below the surface

Death of plants below the surface= increase of decomposers

More decomposers= more oxygen used up

More decomposers using up more of the oxygen= death of aquatic animals and plants

More death= more decomposers= more oxygen used up= more death= more decomposers= more oxygen used up

THE CYCLE KEEPS ITSELF GOING

oceans, in land (fossil fuels), in plants, in atmosphere (carbon dioxide)

When it rains, runoff will take the chemicals from the ground and wash them into our water sources.

Each helps the other to grow.

Corn- offers structural support for the beans to grow

Beans- take nitrogen from the air and the vines pulls the three sisters together

Squash- leaves keep surrounding soil cool and protection from animals