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3. Response Time: I will try to answer questions via post (if any) between 2:00 PM – 3:00 PM on 11 March 2025.

Firstly, education and lifelong learning are essential. Not only for institutions, but also individual. Schools should emphasize digital literacy and also problem-solving, while their curricula must align with industry needs. 

Beyond technical skills, eagerness to learn, adaptability, and resilience are key to long-term employability. Even the report by World Economic Forum/ WEF always put more softskills than technical skills in the top rank of core skills, such as analytical & creative thinking, leadership, and also resilience, agility, & flexibility. 

You might check the latest report here: https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/01/future-of-jobs-report-2025-jobs-of-the-future-and-the-skills-you-need-to-get-them/

Secondly, government can also implement active labor market policies tk help workers transition into new roles. Subsidized training (such as Prakerja), AI-driven job matching, and wage incentives can ease shifts from declining industries and support continuous skill development. 

It is also including the upskilling & reskilling if needed (for the current employment).In addition, regular updates to training and policies will keep the workforce competitive.

Thirdly, government also need labor market flexibility and to evolve the social protection programs.it means that portable benefits must cover gig and remote workers, while flexible work arrangements enable broader workforce participation. 

Also, labor market flexibility and social protection must keep up with changing work trends. With more people in gig work, remote jobs, and hybrid roles, social benefits need to be portable so workers remain protected regardless of their employment type. Encouraging flexible work arrangements also allows more people to participate in the workforce because I think that this is the new labor environment and more empirical studies show that hybrid/FWA is more productive compared to fully online or fully offline work in terms of productivity.

I also want to highlight that the fear that automation will destroy jobs is a job market fallacy. While some jobs disappear, new ones emerge, often with better conditions. Instead of resisting change, workers should focus on reskilling for future roles (please also kindly check the discussion here in Bahasa: https://open.spotify.com/episode/2IDKWaPzoFxqHWz1OgV6rM?si=eilSwVyZRemslzmRZfE2wA%0A).

Finally, governments and schools/universities must also monitor emerging skills and job trends via various job portals for example in order to reduce the missmatch.

By investing in education, career transitions, and labor market reforms, governments (and also supported by schools/universities) can hopefully reduce structural unemployment and build a future-proof workforce.

I hope this is clear.