https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VB2eRwOp_Ck

• Nicola Sturgeon : «Les brexiters ont été ignorants du début à la fin»

• -  what there is – or not – in the center, which defines the TOPIC
• -  the left- and right-hand side of the picture, which helps convey movement
• -  the upper and lower part of the picture, which define the background and the foreground
• -  lighting, which follows the FOCUS of the picture
• -  the situation of communication: when was the picture released, by whom, to what readership?
• Always ask yourself WHY the picture is as it is meant to be.

• Prepare your presentation thoroughly. Write your own text with the information you have gathered. Use different sources.
• Structure your work: clearly define what is in your introduction (what you are going to talk about), the body of your talk (your topic, your ideas, facts and arguments) and your conclusion.
• Use formal language.
• Use short, simple sentences to express your ideas clearly.
• Pause from time to time and don’t speak too quickly. This allows the listener to understand your
• ideas.
• Speak clearly and at the right volume.
• Practice your presentation. If possible, record yourself and listen to your presentation. If you can’t
• record yourself, ask a friend to listen to you.
• Make your opinion very clear. Use varied expressions to give your opinion.
• Look at the people who are listening to you.
• Familiarize yourself with your slideshow (only pictures and a few key sentences)
• For the cartoon analysis, evaluate political cartoons for their meaning, message, and
• persuasiveness. Description is a means, not an end. Determine whether you agree or disagree with the author’s message.
• Conclude your talk with a question to your classmates in order to trigger a short discussion.

• Do not...
• • Write out the whole presentation and learn every word by heart.
  • Write out the whole presentation and read it aloud.
  • Use very informal language or slang (ex: “I’m gonna tell you”, “and all that stuff”) • Only look at your note card.
  • Just copy and regurgitate a Wikipedia page.
• For your note card: You are just allowed the plan of your presentation, a few names and dates.

1. 1)  Have a good command of the vocabulary you are supposed to use (ex: if you know that your topic will be related to political parties for example, do check whether you could express yourself as thoroughly and precisely as possible without using too simple words or without repeating yourself)
2. 2)  Get yourself a little corpus of quotations, ideas, some definitions and key facts. Opposing views need not be addressed directly in your essay but might be inferred indirectly in the choice of arguments you use to back up your views.
3. 
   

• -  Leave plenty of time! Never start your assignment at the last minutes, you will end up tired and displeased with your work.
• -  Reference your notes. When you are researching your topic, make sure you take down full details of your sources as you go along. If you're quoting verbatim (using a direct quote, word for word) or using diagrams, make a note of the page numbers or the website too.
• -  Use your own words. This will help you make sure you understood what you just read / learnt.
• -  Reference as you go. Do not forget to include the references as you go along. This will avoid
• last minute panic, when you realize that you lost some of the references.
• -  Avoid essay-writing services. Teachers are interested in what you have to say.
• -  Check your references. Make sure you use quotation marks when you use quotes. Make sure any long quotes are indented (= starting further from the margin than the rest of the text) and have a citation. Double-check your reference and your biography.

• You can go to the following web page to take a quiz on plagiarism and make sure you understand what it is:
• http://www.sussex.ac.uk/skillshub/?id=377

9, rue Ferrare,77300Fontainebleau

NPR., December 14, 2020