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She observed the states of prisons across the nation and began to fight for reform. She is the most critical figure in pushing for prison reform. She made a case for state-supported care to Massachusetts. She established five hospitals after the fact.

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Zebulon, often regarded as "the father of prison reform, began his career as a prison guard in Connecticut, working his way through the ranks with several authority positions, beginning with assistant superintendent position at Albany County Penitentiary in New York.  He later introduced profit-sharing for prisoners, pushed for education and moral teachings for the prisoner and the indeterminate system was also introduced, which gave offenders the ability to be paroled sooner for good behavior. On top of this, he implemented the Elmira system, at the Elmira Reformaratory, New York. This idea was that hard work and good behavior would result in early release from prison.

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First superintendent of an insane asylum
Treated insanity with medication and therapy
Allowed patients to leave when they were better

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During the early 1900s, Samuel June Barrows was a key figure in the Prison Reform. He was appointed international prison commissioner of the United states in 1895, alongside secretary of the Prison Association of New York. He used his influence, as editor of the Unitarian Christian Register , to speak at the National Conference of Charities and Correction, the National International Prison Congresses, and the Society for International Law, in order to aid in the reform.

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Louis Dwight was a prison reform activist alongside Dorothea Dix. He went around to prisons to deliver bibles and eventually founded the Boston Prison Disciplinary Society.

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Prior to the prison reform movement, the mentally ill were often jailed. Insane asylums were the first institutions that were intended to house and treat mentally ill patients.

Insane asylums in this time often had large grounds so patients could tend to the garden as a part of treatment.

Asylums built in this period impressed public officials, as the buildings were designed to be majestic and therapeutic.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nSYM4IS_jiA

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http://www.ushistory.org/us/26d.asp

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The Prison Reform changed the purpose of prisons to try to rehabilitate and help the prisoners, rather than punish them for their crimes.

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House of Refuge in New York
Established in 1824
Destroyed in a fire in 1839

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Prisoners were now considered to be the responsibility of society, rather than of the individuals.

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Prison libraries, basic literacy, reduction of whipping and beating, commutation of sentences, and separation of women, children and the sick