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Change accelerated when people, resources, and ideas from the whole world came together. Due to this, the world became more advanced and modern.

People like scholars translated books, taught others and collectively learned to gain knowledge.

There were religious groups that had their own belief that were debated; however, missionaries spread religions all over the world.

Another group included ruling groups that debated law while military struggles continued.

Scholars went to Spain to translate books from Arabic to Latin in the 1100's. Most scholars had ancient and eastern knowledge heritage.

Knowledge of the scholars only reached Europe in the 12th century with the origin being Greek, Arabic, Chinese, and Indian.

It was part of fields like natural sciences, math, applied sciences as well as philosophy.

European universities in towns were built due to the increasing demand for education.

Printing went from China to Europe and European and Korean artisans invented printing with moveable metal type during the same time.

-Gutenberg's printing press
-Paper making spread to Europe
-1000's of books were sold which built Europe's libraries.

Martin Luther King brought the Protestant Reformation after 1517 when he translated the Bible into German to challenge the Catholic Church's authority.

Wang Yangming emphasised rational thought and reflection and challenged New-Confucian doctrines.

"Spanish conquistadors ended Aztec and Inca rule and claimed their lands in Mesoamerica and Andean South America."

Europeans brought African slaves across the Atlantic into their communities. Slave trade grew by around 1,000 every year in the 1500's to 80,000 in the 1700's.

"Traders and Sufi orders spread Islam in Africa and Asia.

The Ottoman Empire expanded into eastern Europe, and Islam spread into the Balkans.

Catholic missionaries and religious orders followed the spread of empires in Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Protestants colonised North America."

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It was very hard to cure and there were not enough medication to give to the people

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- Diseases were spread tremendously through the columbian exchange.
- diseases from the new world which were Europe, Asia and Africa where spread the Oceana and America ( the new world) when trading was happening through the commodities.
- Diseases from the old world to new world:
1. Small pox
2. Measles
3. Malaria
4. Chicken pox
- Diseases from new world to Old world
1. Syphilis
2. Polio
This is showing how the Europeans had more diseases to spread than the native Americans. These diseases started to kill the Native Americans A lot hampering the new worlds growth as a Civilization.

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BHP 8: Investigating the Consequences of the Columbian Exchange

Plants that moved from the Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Maize, potatoes (regular and sweet), cassava, vanilla, peanuts, tobacco, beans, squash, tomatoes, cocoa, pineapples

Plants that moved from Afro-Eurasia to the Americas
Wheat, barley, oats, sugarcane, olives, peaches, pears, grapes, okra, cabbage, spinach, turnips, mustard, coffee

Intentional vs. Unintentional Exchange

many foods, ex. tomatoes, corn, potatoes, turkeys, travelled to Europe for the first time intentionally

interesting bc these foods are well established in Europe today

some plants were unintentionally exchanged

travelled as accidental "passengers" in other food sources

ex. a few grains of wheat were found in a barrel of rice, they were planted and in a few years people could produce bread in Peru

Effects (https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/nunn/files/nunn_qian_jep_2010.pdf)

many new species of plants (ex. potatoes, sweet potatoes, maize, cassava) were caloric, nutritional improvements over those previously existing

important in evolution of local cuisines

discovery of Americas provided Old World with a lot of land good for cultivation of crops that would be in high demand in the Old World

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From Europe:
Horses
Cattle
Honeybees
Sheep
Rats
Chickens
Pigs

From North America:
Turkey
Fish (?)

Americas has Maiz and other crops as their main source of food with the growing popularity of Agriculture. Europe, Africa, and Asia was able to thrive off their usage of actual Animals for a good source of protein. There isn't as much information towards this