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How did migration to the United States and the doctrine of Manifest Destiny change popular ideas of American identity and citizenship, affect territorial expansionism, cause conflict and impact regional and racial identities?

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The Irish came over to the United States due to an unfortunate Potato famine in Ireland. They started off in New York and once enough money was made they moved out west towards the Dakotas.
https://seamusdubhghaill.com/2016/09/09/first-effects-of-an-gorta-mor-the-great-famine/

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When Texas was becoming a state, many were unsure whether to make it a slave state or a free state. Southerners began to flock over there in hopes of voting yes on slavery. Northerners did the same, but wanted it to be a free state.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_annexation

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The Mexican-American War of 1846 was over the state of Texas. Many who wanted to win it over would come down to Texas to help fight for Texas independence. The United States eventually won the battle and gain Texas.
https://www.mymexicanwar.com/

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January 1848, the California Gold rush brought over three hundred thousand people to the west looking for gold. Most of them were young, white men which would soon cause problems as crime increased in California. They moved there in hopes of gaining land and riches.
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This began in 1848, around the same time as the California Gold rush. The large population of Chinese in California caused many to want to move there before CA was made an official state in the Union. They were worried about all of these Chinese becoming United States Citizens.
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This purchase was from 1853 to 1854. It would give the United States more land to the southwest. It was between the U.S. and Mexico where we gained some more land. This land would appeal to many southerners looking for more land and acres at a cheaper price.
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The Kansas-Nebraska Act was created in 1854. This act would allow the people to choose whether they wanted slavery in the west or not. This caused the Northern abolitionists to move in hopes of stopping the spread of slavery while the Southerners moved wanting to expand it.
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The Pony express began in 1859 and went until 1860. This network would allow for faster transporting out west. They could send messages across the U.S. in less time. This way they would be able to reach out to the west as well as the east and Midwest.
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Why did attempts at compromise before the war fail to prevent the conflict?

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How did the maturing of northern manufacturing and the adherence of the South to an agricultural economy change the national economic system and impact the Civil War? How was the American conflict over slavery part of larger global events?

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The south secedes from the Union which greatly increases the tensions between the north and south. The Southerners are willing to break away from the Union in order to preserve slavery which some of them understand to be wrong. They simply state it as a "necessary evil".
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Lincoln was officially inaugurated in 1861. He is president throughout all of the Civil War. The southerners do not like him because of his beliefs and some want to secede because of it. His main priority is to preserve the Union even if it means saving slavery.
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The Confederates and Union went from fighting with wooden battle ships to ones made of metal. After seeing the Confederates with their ironclad USS Merrimack, the Union began to copy their ships and created their own ironclad and named it USS Monitor
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In 1863, riots erupted in the North, specifically New York. Many immigrants lived there and were being drafted into the army even though it wasn't their war to fight. It did nothing for them so in rebellion, the Irish went around hanging blacks.
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The Emancipation Proclamation was created in 1863. It freed all of the slaves that had joined the Union or were apart of it from the beginning. This was ignored in the south obviously because they were rebelling against African American rights and slavery.
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How did the Civil War struggle shape Americans' beliefs about equality, democracy, and national destiny? To what extent, and in what ways, did the Civil War transform American political and social relationships?

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How did the growth of mass migration to the United State, the end of slavery, and technological, including the railroad, and military developments transform the environment and settlement patterns in the south and the west?

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This order was given in 1865 by William T. Sherman. It gave forty acres of land down in the south by Georgia and South Carolina to black families. This was land taken from plantation owners which angered many southerners.
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The Freedmen's Bureau was established in 1865. It was made to help support the African Americans who had been slaves in the south before the Civil War.
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Abraham was shot and eventually killed by John Wilkes Booth in 1865. Lincoln was shot in the head in Ford's Theater in D.C. Andrew Johnson was announced president shortly after.
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In 1865, Johnson was made president and began to pardon Confederates. At first, no one cared because it was normal for presidents to pardon. But after seeing how many he pardoned, the radical northerners began to speak out. He pardoned thousands of Confederates.
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Southerners began to come up with certain laws to maintain white supremacy. They wanted whites to be the superiors race so they came up with the Black Codes that limited blacks on what they could and couldn't do. This included jobs.
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The KKK was created in 1865 in order to scare of African-Americans and other ethnic groups. They also went after religious groups. This group attacked blacks and killed many of them in order to intimidate them.
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Congress vetoed Johnson's veto which gave more rights to the African Americans. For the first time it would allow African-Americans to vote in Washington D.C.
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The first African-American is able to hold political power in the states. P.B.S. Pinchback. He replaces Henry Clay but does not last long. Racists are able to impeach of him.
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To what extent, nd in what ways, did Reconstruction altered relationships between the states and federal government, and lead to debates over new definitions of citizenship for minority groups.