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What happened in France and how it all unfolded.

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(Background)
Napoleon III rose to power after the revolution of 1848. All classes of people were attracted by his name. His promise to end poverty attracted the lower class. The presentation of him as a strong leader got him the support of the bourgeoisie. Napoleon III ruled as a dictator, even though France was a constitutional monarchy.

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In the 1860s, Napoleon III began to ease to control. He lifted some censorship and gave the legislature more power. He even issued a new constitution that extended democratic rights.

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Napoleon’s worst failures were in warfare and foreign affairs. He attempted to place Maximilian on the throne, but he failed miserably. Maximilian was overthrown and shot.

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His successes were almost as costly as his successes. France assisted the italian nationalists defeat Austria, and had it backfire, as it only created a united Italy that became a rival to France. The only thing France gained was a very small foothold in the middle east.

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A defeat in the Franco-Prussian war caused an end to the Second Empire. France was forced to give up the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine and pay a huge sum to Germany. The four month siege caused near-starvation in France, as people were forced to eat rats and toaster bath circus animals.

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"Despite its shaky beginnings, the Third Republic remained in place for 70 years. The new republic had a two-house legislature. The powerful lower house, or Chamber of Deputies, was elected by universal male suffrage."

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"At the end of the Franco-Prussian war, a new government was established. The government was known as the Third Republic." Almost Directly after the government was established, France plunged in to a new crisis."

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"in early 1871, An uprising broke out in Paris. Rebels set up the Paris Commune. Like the radical government during the French Revolution, its goal was to save the Republic from royalists."

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"Unlike Britain, with its two-party system, France had many parties, reflecting the wide splits within the country. Among them were royalists, constitutional monarchists, moderate republicans, and radicals." The government was made so that no party could win the majority votes in the elections.

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in the early 1900's France passed laws and regulations wages hours and safety for workers.

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It set a system up for free public elementary schools. It was part of the campaign to reduce the control of the Roman Catholic Church. They tried to limit church and government involvement. Republicans views church as conservative.

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From 1899 to 1905 the government enacted a series of reforms. French woman had few rights at this time.

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In 1909 Jeanne Elizabeth schmahl founded the French union for women. Liberal men where reluctant to grant woman suffrage. They feared woman would vote for church and conservative rights. French woman where not able to vote until 1946.

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In 1894, a French army officer, Captain Alfred Dreyfus, was charged with treason. This was called the Dreyfus Affair.

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"By the late 1800s, however, anti-Semitism was again on the rise." he Dreyfus affairs showed the people of France that the government was not to be trusted and ruined their faith in their country.

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"In the face of growing anti-Semitism, Herzl called for Jews to set up their own nation state." People where ready to disband from their country and start a new one.