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court hierarchy in victoria

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the victorian court hierarchy consists of the Magistrates' court, the county court and the Supreme court which is divided into the trial division and the supreme court of Appeal

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laws made by other bodies are known as statutory authorities.

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Parliament is a group of people elected by the majority of society to make laws on their behalf.

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Political cartoons have an impact on public opinion of parties and/or politicians and are an interesting record of public opinion across history

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A citizen is a person who is a member of a certain country or city, and is granted certain rights and is expected to act respponsibility

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Civil cases are cases that involves private dispute between two parties about the plaintiff feeling as though their rights have been breached. An example of a civil case was the case Donoghue v. Stevenson, where a manufacturer of ginger beer had caused harm towards their consumer [Mrs. Donoghue] due to their act of negligence.

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There are eight chapters of the Australian Constitution

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The upper house has 76 Senators, 12 from each 6 states and 2 each from the Nothern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory

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Laws made by judges are known as common laws

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The Liberal and Labor parties are the main parties in Australia

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The upper house is called The Senate and the lower house is known as the House Of Representitive

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The political parties; liberal and labor are the main ppolitical parties but there are others such as greens and nationals that are not so important

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The laws are known as legeslation acts
And.....

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There are two types of criminal cases: summary and indictable cases. Indictable cases are offences where an individual or party commits a crime that involves murder, treachery [against the government], arson, assault, and such. The former, summary offences, are offences that involves crimes related to minor offences, such as theft and going over speed limits

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freedom of speech applies to all people living in australia

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There are two types of cases: civil cases and criminal cases.

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About the legal system of Australia

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The upper house and lower house

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What do we now know about civics and citizenship?