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Feminism is a social movement and ideology, that fights for the political, economic and social rights for women. Feminists believe that men and women are equal, and that women deserve the same rights as men in living society. Feminist movements have fought for many various causes which include the right for women to vote, the right to work and to be able to live free without violence. Feminism have occurred in a sporting situation, which involved the US Women's National football team. On 5th of July 2015 the Women's World Cup was held in Canada, which was won by US however this helped with the numbers of people getting interested in watching women's football. In fact the final of the women's final broke the record, for being the most watched football game ever in the United States, Viewing figures of 25.4 million people across America beat the previous set by viewing figures of the men's 2014 World Cup match. This included USA vs Portugal group match reaching viewing figures of 18.2 million. After this the USA women's team, showed that people certainty in America show a lot more interest into the women's national team which also boosted the amount of girls getting involved more into football either by supporting or playing.

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Patriarchy is a social system in which men hold more power than women. It involves a society that is run by men, would be able to use their order of power to use as a advantage towards women. Due to their power in certain societies, women would would largely be left excluded which is totally wrong in my opinion. For example in American society, the idea of Patriarchy is not accepted or practiced as often in the modern day. Nowadays in current American society, women work in executive positions, maintain leadership roles in organisations, and are often decision maintain their households and communications. This is compared to male authorities in the past, which maintained the control as the established gender of authority and exhibited in all situations. Patriarchy has occurred in a sporting situation, which involved 23-time glam slam tennis player Serena Williams. During the 2018 US Open Final, Miss Williams accused umpire Carlos Ramos of sexism and treating her more harshly than men which related to a major incident that occurred during the match. Miss Williams was cited by official Carlos Ramos, for 3 code violations during her loss in the final. Miss Williams 3 code violations included coaching signals, breaking of her racket which cost her a point and calling the umpire a theft which cost her a game. Due to this completely overshadowing a major tennis tournament, which was won by Naomi Osaka

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To make sure that Gender versification is not humiliating for women, I would make a rule to make women do the test in comfortable surroundings. What I mean by this, is that I think that women should not forced/rushed into doing the process which would make them be put off doing something that they weren't sure about. I believe that women should be given the order to how they would want to do the Gender versification testing, because this would help encourage other women to take part. By making this fair for both men and women, I would make sure that the testing would be done exactly the same principle as I believe that both should be advised to do the same test. This would ensure that women would be treated the same as men, as I believe that there shouldn't be a cap as when it comes to Gender versification there shouldn't be unequal rights given to one specific group. For this if a couple were told to do this testing, I would make both to do the test which would be recorded by a nurse at their home would can help with the suitability of doing this test on a frequent basis.

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Gender versification a controversial solution

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Gender versification a controversial solution

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Gender versification in the past has created numerous problems within the sporting world since it's existence in 1950. In 1950 a theory called tanner stages, was introduced as a brand new method that would help define a person's gender after competition. This was a controversial theory, as it involved a scale which an athlete's physical development would be tested in the time frame given. The scale used for the tanner stages, defines the physical measurements of development based on external primary and secondary sex characteristics. In the 1950's when the tanner stage theory was first introduced, this used observational data for males and females which showed the developments of different parts of the human body. This scale was criticized heavily by industries involved in the society, which some experts thought that this theory had potential to lead to disturbing convictions which happened in the United States. By involving the tanner stages theory to use for testing, in the United States this lead to a court case involving something which I don't feel is okay to include into this section. Because of this court case, the author of this classification system argued that age classification that used this scale represented invalid use. Tanner stages does not match with chronological age, but instead includes maturity stages which aren't diagnostic for age estimation.

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Is it fair that Women should be asked and not Men as well?

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Is it fair that Women should be asked and not Men as well?

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I personally don't think that it's fair that women have to be tested for gender versification and Men don't have to be tested at all. This is my opinion because, I think that people no matter of gender should be tested for evidence after sporting events. No matter what gender that you are, anyone who has competed in sport events should be tested as this creates a evenplaying-field for all athletes to be tested  after completion.

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Why was gender versification first introduced in sport?

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Why was gender versification first introduced in sport?

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Gender verification was first introduced in 1966 by the IAAF in response to fears that males with a physical advantage in terms of muscle mass and strength. This would include cheating of masquerading as females in women's competition.This led to an unfair disqualification of women athletes and untold psychological harm. The discredited sex chromatin test, which identifies only the sex chromosome component of gender was found to being mislead. This was abandoned in 1991 by IAAF in favor of medical checks for all athletes (that preclude the need for gender testing). However at Olympic games women would still be tested at Albertville and Barcelona by using polymerase chain reaction which applies genetic sex only. Gender verification would be used in time to be abolished in the sporting community, which is fully fully cognizant of its scientific and ethical implication.

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Colin Kaepernick - Sponsor Support (Part 1)

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Colin Kaepernick - Sponsor Support (Part 1)

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Sponsorship's for Colin Kaepernick would have a social responsibility to speak out for racism because, Nike took the decision to have Colin to include him on the cover of the 30th anniversary of the "Just Do It" campaign that Nike is famous for publishing worldwide. With Colin be published on the front cover, across America there was a mixed reaction as to whether he should of been allowed to be on the cover due to what had recently happened. In these circumstances that Nike were involved in, the brand had a right to take stand upon the racial injustice that this created. Such massive global brands like Nike, would provide a huge influence to change the social economics which would be given as a opportunity to behave in a positive fashion. To address racism in this manner, the sponsorship's for Colin Kaepernick would have to pick a side and stick with this responsibility which can impact Nike as a company entirely. Due to this matter regarding Nike, this would a very ambitious move by them but it would prove a very important that Nike are trying to tackle a huge ongoing problem within the sporting world.
During Colin Kapernick's stance on the knee during the national anthem, I think that Nike didn't decide to continue their support of Colin Kapernick just so they could boost their profits. In fact when the campaign first began, their share price fell by 2% which involved people who had Nike clothing to burn their clothing and even boycotting the company entirely. Also online sales increased by 31% which showed that in some aspect Colin's figure didn't change that much in terms of sales. During these circumstances Nike stood by their choice of side, which meant that NIKE themselves I think became more of a political right in the branding world. No mater of the controversial view that Colin Kapernick's stance had, I think that NIKE decided beforehand as to whether they would choose to stay on Colin's side which in this case they did. By staying by Colin Kapernick's side, showed high ambitions that would of not only affected their rights as a company but they would of also affected the rights of fellow companies like Adidas and Puma which would of seen the impact that NIKE made by this campaign. Throughout this saga, I think that Colin Kapernick gained a lot of throughout this controversial campaign. Remember he was the first big-name player in the NFL, to lead the knee to the national anthem which showed that he holds tremendous character to stand by such a debatable topic. Especially across America, this act against the anthem by a major sports star this campaign led to a risky issue which was related to issues in America's history. This would of showed when significantly the campaign by Colin Kapernick generated at least $43 million of media coverage, bu it also brought more talk about such a controversial topic within society. I personally think that NIKE also brought some attention from this saga because, this generated a lot of noise from outlets which disagreed with the company which led to disagreement with the message this saga sent. NIKE made strategic decision surrounding it's core and future ambitions with it's audiences across the world. As with any main company would do, it included a major figure in the sporting world who would of brought a huge connection towards the brand and it's fans. Overall I think that Colin Kapernick, gained a significant amount of attention toward himself during this campaign. By doing this campaign, this shows that he wanted to address something that he thought had to be fought against. This turned out to being a major part in battling against something that was a very controversial move that may of effected the rest of his playing career.

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Evaluating the effects of racism in sport

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Evaluating the effects of racism in sport

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Racism in sport has never gone away effectively in the sporting world since existence. An example of when racism and violence has overshadowed a football game in recent time, is the fourth round FA tie between Millwall and Everton. Even though this game provided a shock to the cup completion, on national news two days later however there was videos of violence between rival fans as well as racist chanting during the game by disgraceful Millwall fans. Due to these horrific scenes that happened over the weekend, club chief executive of Millwall Steve Kavanagh whilst speaking to BBC Radio 5 Live's Nihal Arthanayake said "Racism isn't just a Millwall thing but is a problem across society". Currently both the Football Association and the Metropolitan police are investigating the issue, which the after the matter of this Mr Kavanah feels that football authorities should do more to tackle racism especially in football. "We need the authorities, the FA, Kick It Out, ourselves and other clubs, we need to all come together and find a way of actually using football's places in society to educate people". The racist chanting at Millwall, comes weeks after Chealsea FC faced allegations of racist abuse and chanting at games. As well as the chanting during the game, in a separate incident over the weekend a mass brawl happened which the Metropolitan Police believed that involved groups of rival fans. Reacting to the violence, a senior Met police officer said that it was "some of the most shocking football violence seen for some time".

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Explaining the effects of racism in sport

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Explaining the effects of racism in sport

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Racism in sport would include effects of short term, long term and also the issues surrounding racism in a sporting environment. For a short term scenario of racism, this would involve a player getting angry due to racist chanting in the crowd. This would encourage the player suffering from this disgusting behavior, by snapping towards the opponents team and fans. Due to this problem that the referee would have to get a grip of, this would cause games to be postponed due to the unsafe environment that has been created. For a long term scenario of racism, this would involve teams to involve one culture in a team which would involve white teams playing white teams and black teams facing black teams. If this was the case worldwide of sports involvement, then the Olympics wouldn't happen as mixing of cultures wouldn't' be allowed to happen. This would of meant that sport wouldn't be multicultural which racism in towns, cities and country's would become worse and almost impossible to fix.
Sport is one of the biggest multicultural activities in the world, as people from various ethnic backgrounds come together and show their admiration of sport. Sport itself doesn't provoke racism, as the players and the audience that introduce a needless and toxic atmosphere within play. The UK is one of the only countries worldwide that uses sport to prevent racism. This would involve people of all cultural backgrounds to play together, so they can interact with each other to help create a positive society within people in the community.

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Racism is prejudice, discrimination or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that one's own race is superior. This is the belief that all members of each race posses characteristics, ability or qualities specific to that race, especially so as to distinguish it as inferior or superior to another race or races. Judge or victimize someone or group of people based on their race or beliefs. When someone gets abused due to the colour of their skin or religion. Not liking someone based on their culture, or disagreeing with their culture.