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Definition: Prewriting is defined as the getting ready to write stage. This is done by talking, reading, and writing to see what you know and what direction you want to go in. Students choose topics, set goals, produce ideas, and develop a writing plan.
Personal Experience Example: An example of a personal experience for me is when I was in high school and asked to write an essay I would brainstorm my ideas and thoughts by writing it out. Sometimes I would create a web or take notes on ideas that came to mind.
Children Observation: I have observed children in my 1st grade classroom. For example, my mentor teacher asked the students to fill out a worksheet that ask them questions like "My favorite holiday is...because..", so some of the students started to gather and organize information by talking with their classmates and doing informal writing.

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Definition: Drafting is the time to pour out your ideas; not worrying about fixing spelling, punctuation, grammar, and other errors.Student write without interruption and without undue attention to correctness or mechanics.
Personal Experience: When I was in high school I had to do a graduation project which involved writing a paper. During class time after I choose the topic and organized my thought I wrote a rough draft that put my thoughts and ideas in paragraph form.
Children Observation: In a fifth grade classroom students were asking to write a essay about an important event in their lives. So each student began by crafting a lead. After talking with classmates, I observed a student retelling a brief story in the introduction paragraph of their paper as he began his rough draft.

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Definition: Revising is the process of clarifying and refining ideas written in the draft. Revision requires adding, substituting, deleting, and rearranging materials. Changes are made in the writing, ideas are elaborated to make the writing detailed and interesting.
Personal Experience:Last semester for my methods science course, I write this very detailed lesson plan called a 5E lesson and after I wrote it I emailed it to my teacher for her to give me feedback and make suggestions, when she sent it back I reviewed her suggestions an feedback as well as reread the draft. Children Observation: In a fifth grade class students were put in groups were they exchanged drafts and their peers read the papers to gave constructional feedback about the paper they read. This lead to conversation between the group members with questions about their paper as well as compliments and suggestions.

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Definition: Editing is putting the piece of writing into its final form. Students correct the paper for spelling, punctuation, and other writing conventions.
Personal Experience: From the 5E lesson, once I received the draft with the suggestions and rereading it, I took a few days off and then came back to it to proofread the draft.I made corrections and fixed any addition errors.
Children Observation: The fifth grade students after revising their papers, the next week they proofread and corrected as many mechanical errors they noticed while proofreading. Some of the students did it individually while others meet with the teacher to assist them.

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Higgins, B., Miller, M., & Wegmann, S. (2007). Teaching to the Test... Not! Balancing Best Practice and Testing Requirements in Writing. International Reading Association , 60(4), 310–319.
Tompkins, G. E. (2012). Teaching Writing Balancing Process and Product. Boston, MA: Pearson.

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Definition: Publishing is the stage where the finished product is shared with the appropriate audience. Students publish the writing piece in some way, such as by making a book or simply typing it on the computer.
Personal Experience: When I finished writing a paper for my high school graduation project I then gave it to a group of teachers, administrators, and parent volunteers to determine if I would graduate.
Children Observation: In a second grade class I was observing, the students were making books with each page being a different type of writing(how to, persuasive narrative, etc.) once the book was complete the teacher set out a day for each student to share their books with their classmates and parents.