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These sculptures are found on the west portal of the Reims Cathedral. On the left, there is the angel Gabriel telling the virgin Mary that she will give birth to Christ, the son of God. On the left, Mary is pictured once again, but this time with her cousin St. Elizabeth. During this scene, Mary is pregnant with Jesus and her cousin St. Elizabeth is pregnant with John the Baptist. These sculptures are newer than older Gothic sculptures, so they seem like separate beings from the pillars, unlike early Gothic sculpture.

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Beau Dieu also known as the beautiful god is known as the Most prominent statue on Amiens Facade. This stands free from the building however the statue is still placed under an architectural canopy. I found this interesting from its name and what it means. This piece was Deemed as Christ as the Last Judge in the tympanum above, however Beau Dieu looks handsome, and kind. He appears to bless those who enter as he tramples a lion and dragon (symbolizing evil) effortlessly.

Kilpatrick 12/3/20

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The Virgin with the Dead Christ was from Germany. It was also made out of wood . The wood was then painted. The widespread trouble of the 14th century  brought on an awareness of suffering. This was made because sorrow became an often theme with Christian art.  Often depicted were the dance of death, Christ as the man of sorrow, and the seven sorrows of the Virgin Mary.  The art also shows how Artists emphasized the traits of human suffering in powerful, expressive exaggeration.

Dominic Parise 3/12/2020

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They put figures in a more open spaced area instead of being secluded and squeezed together as many Romanesque artist did when painting figures in manuscripts or placing sculptures in niches.  One of the most popular religious themes in art of the time was the portrayal of the life of virgin Mary, in fact in the picture of the stained glass above, one can see that the use of the stain glass wasn’t just coincidental but it was selected for its qualities, for when the light goes through it, it illuminates the inside of the church and makes the pictures on the stained glass more bright giving it a heavenly feeling.

Carnahan 3/12/

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The Notre Dame cathedral was located in Paris, France. It took 182 years to build it. Recently, there was a giant fire that almost took down the entire structure. It was a tricky fire to put out because of how old and fragile the building is, so the water could not be fired as hard as normal. Also, it is tough to rebuild it because there is little to no way to tell just how stable the rest of the building is. Notre Dame can be translated to Our Mother, talking about the Virgin Mary.

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The Virgin of Paris is a statue at Notre Dame Cathedral. It depicts the Mary holding the infant Christ. There are many interesting qualities in this piece. It exhibits contrapposto, or the portrayal of shifting weight. This was commonly used in Greek and Roman artwork, but the exaggerated 'S' shaped pose Mary takes on indicates its Gothic origin. Moreover, in contrast to Mary, an impoverished woman wearing worn down rags, she is dressed in beautiful fabrics, and wears a crown of gold and jewels.

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Saint Arethas was an Ethiopian soldier who was murdered in 523 because he was Christian. This painting is in Byzantine style, and Saint Arethas is wearing a dress that would have been worn during the Byzantine period. This piece is made of ceramic and glaze. I think the story behind this piece is interesting because he was murdered for being Christian, but still commemorated, there was an obvious divide between Christians and non-Christians during this time.

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In the early days of Christianity, Christ was not seen in the way he is today. Instead, he was seen as a shepherd. This image could have been Christ, or just a Pagan shepherd, it is unclear who it is. Another interesting thing about this piece is that he is standing contrapposto, which is a stance that was becoming popular in the Greek and Roman culture.

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Dome mosaic in the Church of the Dormition, Daphini, Greece 1090-1100. This picture is very interesting to me as it seems like some sort of giant icon of the picture of Christ maybe as someone else not looking very much like himself. This dome mosaic of Christ as Last Judge of humankind is like a gigantic Byzantine icon hovering dramatically in space, connecting the awestruck worshiper below with hevaen through Christ

Kilpatrick 11/27/20

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Reims, France
The Reims Cathedral is a prime example of high gothic architecture. The 'stretched' appearance of the large cathedral is exaggerated by tall slim towers, rising statues, amd with taller, more elaborate portals. I found this cathedral particularly interesting because of its strong departure from the Romanesque architecture still apparent in early gothic architecture. This structure also is home to the jamb statues "Annunciation" and "Visitation."

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Parting of Abraham and Lot, Nave of Santa Maria Maggiore

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Parting of Abraham and Lot, Nave of Santa Maria Maggiore

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Nave of Santa Maria Maggiore, found in Rome around 432-440. Mosaic 3'4 high. I found this piece very interesting as it was a piece of decoration that I have seen in churches before with its sort of pannel like look. In this mosaic pannel representing the old testament parting of Abraham and Lot, the artist included the figure of the yet-unborn Isaac because of his importance as a prefiguration of Christ.

Kilpatrick 11/27/20

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One of the most famous of the surviving Byzantine mosaics of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople – the image of Christ Pantocrator on the walls of the upper southern gallery, Christ being flanked by the Virgin Mary and John the Baptist. Byzantine art means the Christian Greek art of the Eastern Roman Empire from about the 5th century until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453.

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At least 10,000 Roman sarcophagi have survived, with fragments possibly representing as many as 20,000. Although mythological scenes have been quite widely studied, sarcophagus relief has been called the "richest single source of Roman iconography," and may also depict the deceased's occupation or life course, military scenes, and other subject matter. The same workshops produced sarcophagi with Jewish or Christian imagery.

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The good shepherd is a painting from the late antiquity period, on the ceiling of a cubiculum in the Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus in Rome. It portrays themes from both in the old and new testament through the story of Jonah, as sailor who was tossed off a ship and eaten by a sea monster, only to emerge alive and safe three days later. The story of Jonah was quite popular and honored at the time for being a prefiguration to Christ, another biblical figure who was also killed but resurrected 3 days later.

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Hagia shows a good presentation of a piece of art from the Byzantine period. Hagia was built around 532-537. An existing church was burned down here from a riot which immediately began work on the Hagia. Justinian's goal was to make it the most spectacular structure ever built. It was one of the biggest structures built for its time period. Inside of the building consisted of a Pendentives which made it an illusion that the dome was floating above the walls.

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The synagogue is a good representation of a piece of art from the late antiquity. The synagogue was a place where jews would meet to worship and instruct. Murals can be seen all around the synagogue. The images would show different paintings that deal with their religion. There is also the hand of god in the synagogue which is coming from the heavens.

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This is a great example of a lot of the art of this time period. Located in a church, it was a depiction of Christ during his Crucifixion. All three of the characters have the rings around their heads, indicating they are deities. Christ's is the biggest and most elaborate because he is the main character. Other notable figures in this mosaic are the virgin Mary and Saint John.

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This was an early depiction of christ. This was made before his journey of ruling the Christian people. It is about 2 feet and 4 and a half inches tall. There were not a lot of statues of christ because the christian people thought it was wrong to worship such a god if it was only made of stone.

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Artists: Byzantium

This ivory panel was carved in the Eastern Christian Empire (Constantinople?) and strongly displays early christian art. The inspiration of Michael displayed the words "Receive these gifts" which is potentially a reference to power offered to a Byzantine emperor. The carving is a strong example of classical art, as shown with the clothing folds, detailed wings, and facial type. Despite the classical and detailed presence, the way the carving of Micheal interacts with space breaks this idea of realism. He appears to be standing on three steps at once, and his body is not rendered in similarity of the columns and the descending staircase. This style is apparent in numerous other Byzantium works.

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Artists: Late antiquity

The Sarcophagus tells depicts the story of Jonah, as well as detailing scenes of philosophers and pagan individuals.The funerary sarcophagus was carved as bridal occured. Two depictions of Jesus are also found. Both as a spherard, and a child receiving a baptism. This Sarcophagus depicts early ideas of Christianity.

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Marcus Aurelius was emperor of Rome from 161 BCE to his death in 180 BCE. He was the last of the Five Good Emperors, and the last Emperor of Pax Romana. He was one of the few who didn't follow the trend of being portrayed as stoic and youthful.  Keeping Rome at peace was such a daunting task, filled with the constant threat of battles becoming complete wars. Aurelius refused to hold back on what years of this constant stress has done to him. While the horse gives off a very prideful tone, as well as Aurelius's body pose, his face is sunken down and almost looks saddened.  He was most known for his contributions to philosophy.

Stein 11-20-20

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The Colossus of Constantine was a huge sculpture of the emperor Constantine. The head alone was 8.5 feet tall. The sculpture was sitting down so it would have been close to 30-40 feet tall. He is also holding an orb as though he held the world in his hands. There are only the renaming fragment of the sculpture now. Lastly, Constantine’s portraits renewed the style of an eternally youthful emperor.

Parise 11-19-2020

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Caracalla was a Roman emperor in the 3rd Century. Known for his cruelty, he ruled for just six years but left behind an egalitarian legislative achievement and a monumental public bath complex. He was born Lucius Septimius Bassianus on April 4, 188, in Lugdunum, in Gaul. His father, the future emperor Septimius Severus, was the governor of Gallia Lugdunensis. Severus became emperor in 193.

Carnahan 11/19/20

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Constantine I was the emperor of Rome from 306AD to 337AD. Constantine was a very influential emperor of Rome. He reunified the empire, and established a new dynasty, in which the capital was named after him. In addition to this, Constantine was the first Christian emperor of Rome. His Christianity likely made the religion more popular, contributing to its rise as a very popular religion.

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Hadrian was a Roman Emperor. He came to power because Trajan's wife. When Trajan died in battle, he had not yet named his successor. Someone had to take over, and Trajan's wife knew he was thinking about Hadrian, so she named him trajan's successor. Also, Hadrian was the one who commissioned the building of the pantheon.

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Commodus is known as the youngest console in Roman history and was made this in 177 and later that year elevated to co-emperor with his father. During his solo reign, the Empire enjoyed a period of reduced military conflict compared with the reign of Marcus Aurelius, but intrigues and conspiracies abounded, leading Commodus to an increasingly dictatorial style of leadership that culminated in a God-like personality cult. His lead in Rome eventually came to a screeching halt as his assassination in 192 marked the end of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty.

Kilpatrick 11/17/20

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Emperor: Augustus

Following the downfall of Caesars Roman Republic the people were violent, still in war against Mark Antony and his forces the Roman Empire needed a new leader. That's where the first Emperor of the Roman Empire Augustus comes in.  Starting his rule referred to as "Pax Augusta" or "Augustan Peace" Augustus wanted to guarantee propensity to the Romans. So, he created a large amount of public works like roads, bridges, amphitheaters, and bathing complexes. This period of prosperity following the war-weary Rome became known as Pax Romana.

Bennett 11/17/20

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Artist: Herakles Victor

Created:120-80BC

The temple of Portunus was dedicated to the Roman God of Harbors. There are Ionic columns and frieze with engaged columns around the cellar. There is also a Stairway entrance in the front which is only is Etruscan in style. The thing that makes this structure so unique was that it had a mix of Etruscan and Greek elements. Overall the Temple Of Portnus was a very unique and cool structure built during the Roman time period.

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Artist- Romans
Created 315 AD

The Arch was built for Emperor Constantine by the People of Rome and the Senate in 315 AD in order to commemorate his victory over emperor Maxentius. The Arch of Constantine stands between the Roman Forum and the Colosseum in Rome. It is the largest of the three remaining triumphal arches with the Arch of Septimius Severus and the Arch of Titus being the other two. The towering 69 foot arch has been properly preserved and features several different reliefs and fine statues. The relief depicts episodes from the battle against Maxentius. It shows Constantine’s army driving Maxentius’ troops into the Tiber. These decorations stand out from the rest because they lack realism and are of a lower quality compared to the ones from the era of Trajan and Hadrian. This showed that the artistic level had declined during the continual civil wars over the previous century and was symbolic of the Roman Empire’s decline.

Carnahan 11/12/20

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Artist: Romans
Created: Around 70 BCE

This was the largest stadium in history when it was built, holding 50-80 thousand people. It was an amphitheater, which was two greek theaters put together. This was a major advancement because of just how many more people were able to watch the events. Fights were often shown between gladiators, who were often slaves trained to fight.

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Artists: Romans
Time: halfway through the 1st century AD

These Roman aqueducts were just  One of the Augustan projects meant to bring water into the city of Nimes. The aqueduct provided about 100 gallons of water a day for each inhabitant from a source 30 miles away. An intake would be used from a reservoir and a conduit through a mountain downhill through the aqueducts into the city many miles away. This was a huge advancement in technology.

Kilpatrick 11/11/20

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Artists: Romans
Created: Late second century BCE

The Sanctuary of Fortuna Palestrina is a massive Roman building, noted as an impressive use innovation in concrete. This structure is made up of several terraces that are constructed that takes of a large portion of the hill it's built on. The building is made up of concrete barrel vaults, allow the creation of numerous ramps, shops, and levels. The absolute size and complexity of the structure is astounding and shows how far Rome has come and how they've built off of the old architecture of ancient Greece.

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The tower of Hercules is an ancient roman lighthouse built in 2nd century AD. This lighthouse has been restored to make it stable enough to still stay standing. It is quite interesting to me that there was a need for lighthouses this long ago, but it is understandable without access to modern technology like GPS. This tower has also been made taller and skinnier than it originally was.

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The amphitheater was known in its earliest form in the Roman Empire. It could seat up to 20,000 spectators and the seating was arranged with consideration of the social hierarchy of Rome. This 'double theater' had to be built atop an artificial concrete mountain to uphold the seating. The amphitheater consisted of a 'arena' where an event will be done as well as the canea, or seating, the wrapped all around the large circular amphitheater. The amphitheater was a great example of the Romans developed skill with concrete for construction, and the idea of an amphitheatre has since evolved to fit today's society.

Bennett 11/10/20

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Homer's brief description in the iliad is the earliest surviving literary reference: "a thing of immortal make, not human, lion-fronted and snake behind, a goat in the middle, and snorting out the breath of the terrible flame of bright fire".

The story -
While there are different genealogies, in one version the Chimera mated with her brother Orthrus and was the mother of the Sphinx and the Neiman Lion (others have Orthrus and their mother, Echidna, mating; most attribute all to Typhon and Echidna).The Chimera finally was defeated by Bellerophon with the help of Pegasus , at the command of King Lobatse of Lycia, after terrorizing Lycia and nearby lands. Since Pegasus could fly, Bellerophon shot the Chimera from the air, safe from her heads and breath. A scholiast to Homer adds that he finished her off by equipping his spear with a lump of lead that melted when exposed to the Chimera's fiery breath and consequently killed her, an image drawn from metalworking.

I find this creature really cool because of all the different animals combined into one which makes it powerful and dangerous. The story behind it also is interesting and would have been a great stor to tell back in its time.

Carnahan 11/5/2020

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Medusa was said to be very beautiful. Because of her looks, she caught the eye of poseidon. Either this or her boastfulness about her looks angered Athena, causing Athena to transform Medusa into a girl with snakes for hair. Additionally, from then on, whenever Medusa looked at someone, they would turn to stone. Athena made sure Medusa could never find love again by hurting her looks, in giving her snakes for hair, and by turing everyone she looked at to stone, making it impossible for her to ever find another partner.

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Zeus was the king of the gods and his  weapon was a thunderbolt. A story about him was Zeus drew lots with his brothers Poseidon and Hades to let luck determine who would become the new King of the Gods. Zeus won the draw and he officially became the ruler of the Earth and the Sky and the Lord of Mount Olympus, the highest mountain of Greece. This is the story on how Zeus became the god of mount Olympus. This is why Zeus is one of the most popular and most powerful mythical god of this time period.

Parise 11/5/2020

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King Oinimaos's daughter Hippodameia was thought that she would die once she got married. Her dad, because of this, would make any man that wanted to marry his daughter to race him. If they beat the king in the chariot race, they would be allowed to marry his daughter. Pelops, a contestant, had the king's chariot rigged so that he would win the race. During the race, the king died because his chariot was rigged. Instead of paying the person who rigged the chariot, Pelops instead killed him. Because of the cheating scandal, the gods of Greece cursed Hoppidaleia and Pelops for the rest of their lives.

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Persephone was the daughter of Zeus and Demeter. Being commonly referred to as the goddess of springtime (more specifically vegetation), Persephone's story largely reflects the seasons. 'Wife' to Hades, Every winter she spent with him in the underworld. This marital status was not consensual nonetheless.  Her transformation into the goddess of the underworld started one day when she was picking flowers. Then, Hades came from the underworld and kidnapped her, bringing her to his throne. He wanted her to be his wife. Before she could be retrieved by her parents Persephone was tricked by Hades. He offered her a seemingly harmless pomegranate, yet this pomegranate soon sealed her fate. As shown in the greek artwork persephone accepted and ate the pomegranate, eating six seeds. These six seeds determined time that she must spend in the underworld as Hades Wife. So, those six months have become winter, due to Demeters (the goddess of harvest and fertility) sadness away from her daughter.

Bennett 11/3/2020

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Nessus was a centaur, a creature with the head and torso of a man and the legs of a horse, best known in the story, "the Shirt of Nessus". As a ferryman, he was tasked with bringing  Deianeira, Heracles's wife, across a river. As they crossed, he tried to take advantage of her, but Heracles, who had been watching from a distance, shot Nessus with an arrow and rescued his wife. As Nessus laid dying, he told Deianeira that his blood would ensure that Heracles stayed a faithful husband, so she collected it. A few years later, Heracles had fallen in love with another woman, and fearing their separation, Deianeira doused one of his shirts with the blood. Upon noticing the fumes, she was horrified to discover that the "blood" was actually poison. However, it was too late, Heracles had put on the shirt. It burned his skin so severely that he quickly committed suicide to relieve himself of the pain.

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Architects: Spintharus of Corinth, Xenodoros, Agathon

Created: 4th Century BCE

Apollo is the Olympian god of the sun and light, music and poetry, healing and plagues, prophecy and knowledge, order and beauty, archery and agriculture. So it is understandable that he was worshipped, and had a temple made in his honor. This temple was especially interesting to me simply because there is pretty much nothing left. It would have been very interesting to see what it looked like when it was first fully intact.

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Architects - the architects Ictinus and Callicrates built Parthenon under the supervision of the sculptor Phidias.

Created: built between 447 and 432 B.C.

The Parthenon was a very interesting piece to me because it was the center of religious life in the powerful Greek City-State of Athens. It was a symbol of the power, wealth and elevated culture of Athens. It was the largest and most lavish temple the Greek mainland had ever seen. It’s estimated that 13,400 stones were used to build the temple, at a total cost of around 470 silver talents (roughly $7 million U.S. dollars today).  Low steps surrounded each side of the building, and a portico of Doric columns standing on a platform create a border around it. There are 46 outer columns and 19 inner columns.

Carnahan 10/30/2020

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Artists: Greeks
Created: 590 BCE

This Temples caught my eye as it was considered to be that of early Doric design meaning the columns. A neighboring temple designed for Hera gives this it’s title, later referred to the Basilica by the Romans. Its design of columns down the middle did not allow for a statue central. It is speculated that there may have been two statues on either side of the Cella. One of Zeus and one of Hera.

Kilpatrick 10/29/2020

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The Egyptian Period
The Great Sphinx was a monument built during the time of the Egyptians that was known as a very monumental structure that went right along with the pyramids of Giza. This was a structure known to have the wisdom of a man but the physical features of a beast. This was a half human, half lion, who would slay anybody who didn't answer his riddles. When Oedipus was able to answer the riddles correctly,  she jumped into the ocean in a rage of fit and drowned.

Kilpatrick 11/2/20

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Artists: Greeks
Created: 480BC
This Temple was dedicated to the goddess Aphaia. Alpha was the god of agriculture and fertile soil. Agriculture was very important during this time period so that is the reason they probably named it after her. It had
two sets of columns instead of one giving clear view through the cella. Something very interesting were the pediments on the temple. On both the west and east pediment it shows sculptures of Greeks and the Trojans with Athena at the center of the combat.

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Artist: Greeks

Created: 427-424 B.C.E.

This ionic-styled structure caught my attention. Besides being an Athenian Temple dedicated to Athena, the Goddess of wisdom and justified warfare,  it is also acts as a retelling of history. Within the temple are friezes depicting the Athenian's victory against the Persians at the battle at Marathon. This just shows how much the temple meant to Athens, not just for religious intentions, but also as a symbol of their success. Another interesting part of the temple are the gorgeous statues within it. One of the most popular is a relief sculpture depicting Nike, the goddess of victory, adjusting her sandal. The fabric is sculpted to such precision, that it resembles soft, transparent fabric draped across her body.

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Artist: Greeks
Created: 650-625 BCE

This limestone statue, originating in Crete was entitled Lady of Auxerre in reference to her oldest recorded location in France. There is an uncertainty about this women. No one really knows if she is just at mortal maiden, or a goddess. Her position and lack of headdress suggest that she is a maiden in prayer, but no one truly knows for certain. The statue itself was constructed with more realism than in the past, but the geometric and undeveloped shape still is apparent. Her style is known as Daedalic, named after the "skillful one" Daedalus. Looking at the computation of the Lady of Auxerre it is incredibly captivating to see how the Greeks utilized Egyptian technius, but progress them to evolve into something of their own.

Bennett 10/26/2020

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Artist: Greeks
Created: 471 BCE

This was interesting to me because it was the site of the first olympics. It amazes me that something that still goes on to this day started at that temple. It is sad that it was destroyed since it was such a monumental piece of architectural work. Since there is no way to know exactly what the temple looked like, the picture represents our best guess of what the temple would have looked like if it was just built.

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Artist: Myron

Created: 460-450 BCE

This statue depicts a discus Greek discus thrower. This especially stood out to me because I used to throw discus myself. It's interesting that a sport we still do today has been done for thousands of years. Discus also must have had a significant place in Greek society, as someone made a sculpture of it. This sculpture is also very realistic, which is a big change from things we saw in the Egyptian empire

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Artist: Greeks

Created: 470-456 B.C.E.

This 4'6" high statue depicts a man looking on in shock has he, a seer with the ability to predict the future,  foresees the tragic outcome of a chariot race. This character's trait is brought out, as he is the only one with a look of dread amongst a collection of other statues. Fascinatingly, this statue differs greatly from many work of that era. Even though Ancient Greece began to stray from the rigid style of ancient Egypt, creating artworks with more fluidity, they still continued the tradition of portraying nobles and deities as youthful and strong. Seeing this attention to details such as wrinkles, balding, and dreadful expression make it stand out for that time period.

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Artist: Greeks

Created 323 B.C. to 31 B.C.

The Laocoon, now at Vatican Museum, features a father and two sons struggling to entangle themselves from the grasps of giant serpents. The 2000-year-old statue depicts the punishment meted out to a priest who warned the Trojans to beware of Greeks bearing gifts. I found this piece of work very interesting because of the snake goin around the entire family and what it represents. I though the build of the bodies looked very realistic and fit the event taking place really well which is cool to me that somebody can depict all that through a statue.

Carnahan 10/22/2020

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Artist: Greeks
Created 700-480 BCE
This sculpture of Herakles and Nessos was very interesting to me because it showed a human with animal-like features. It was said that the animal creation most likely inspired by Egyptian and Near East art. The story behind this sculpture was also very strange. It was said that Nessos was the centaur who had volunteered to carry Herakles bride across a river and then assaulted her. This is very strange for them to make a sculpture of someone who just assaulted someone. Lastly, Herakles is depicted larger than a horse implying that he would win this duel.

Parise 10/21/2020

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Artist: Greeks
Created 600-580 BCE

The Temple of Artemis was one of the earliest temples, but what truly caught my attention was the carvings. The temple is adorned with large carvings of Medus along with two felines. Medusa's children Chrysaor and Pegasus are smaller figured depicted by Medusa. This central image had no storytelling meaning and was just used to display Medusa and her children. The sides of the temple, however, tell the stories of the trojan war, and Zeus slaying a giant. Looking at the composition of these carvings is incredibly intriguing as you can see the influence they had on other Greek work.

Bennett 10/21/20

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Artists: Greeks
Created around 740 BCE

The Dipylon Krater was interesting to me from what it resembled as basically a grave stone as something much different that what we use today. The artist covered much of the kraters surface with precisely painted abstract angular motifs in horizontal bands. Two bands are left for human figures or horse drawn chariots as many other things on the vase were laid out in the bodys honor. These marked a huge turning point in art as the human figure was introduced, along with the art of storytelling.

Kilpatrick 10/20/20

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Artist: Adolf Furtwängler
Created 505-500 BCE

This was interesting to me because I wonder why they made the statue of this warrior. The position the warrior is in is interesting to me because usually when a warrior is depicted, they are in a strong looking position not laying on the ground fearing for their life. I assume that the warrior was about to be killed since his leg was broken and he way laying on the ground. Also, this is a very realistic sculpture. It was made of marble.

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Artist- Egyptians
Created 1370 -1330 BCE

The sculpture of Nefertiti is a very important piece of Egyptian culture.
This sculpture is of a woman who was a queen with a husband named Pharoah Akhenaten who was considered to be one of Egypts most hated pharaohs. Nefertiti and her husband were depicted in pictures much differently with very slim and small features unlike previous rulers. Nefertiti and her husband were known for a religious revolution, in which they worshipped one god only, Aten or the sun disc. She was said to be queen during one of the wealthiest periods of time for Egyptian culture.

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Artist: Egyptians
Created: 1244 BCE

The Temple of Ramses is very impressive due to it's large, 65 foot statues. Although there are larger structures built by the Egyptians, I thought this one was especially interesting because they are massive subtractive sculptures. This was built as a tribute to Ramses, potentially it was made this way because he ruled for 2/3 of a century. He was likely well-respected.

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Artist: Egyptians
Created: 2500 BCE

Discovered in Sappara, Egypt, this piece was carved from limestone and painted, depicting a simple scribe. Judging by clear signs of aging, it shows that artworks that did not display high-ranking officials or deities may have not received the same amount of care or value in materials during its creation. The figures realistic features also hint towards the individuals place in society, as he does not share the same idealistic characteristics as those of religious or royal standards. Despite the limited resources, the artist did seem to put lots of care into bringing out the model's "personality". He sits upright in and rigid pose, and yet his face is soft and kind, giving off a sympathetic intelligence. This statue remains one of the few with paint still on it.

Stein 10/2/20

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Artist: Egyptians
Created: 2520-2494 BCE

This diorite statue was one of a series of statues carved for the pharaohs Valley temple. The dark heavy stone was carried an impressive 400 miles down the Nile from the royal quarries to the Great Sphinx where this statues stood near. The seated pharaoh is adorned with a kilt and the royal headdress with a kobra of kingship on the front. He is seated on a throne of two lions and is depicted in perfect of proportions considering his age. Some may say it's too perfect, and that it is. The Egyptians wanted to make the king look as godly and perfect as they could. So the perfect symmetry as active physique were no second thought.

Bennett 9/30/20

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Artist: Egyptians
Created: 1323 BCE

The Death Mask of Tutankhamen was an artifact found in the innermost tomb in Thebes. This was a very lavish mask and showed the wealth of him. Along with the mask, many other artifacts were found that also showed just how wealthy the Pharaohs were in the Egyptian time. This was interesting to be because it is such a beautiful artifact that was made such a long time ago. I wonder how the people of the Egyptian time felt when they were shown this piece.

DeMonica 9/29/20

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Artist: Egyptians
Created 2520-2494 BCE.

The Great Sphinx, located in Gizeh, Egypt in the fourth dynasty is the largest statue in the near east. This statue is carved out of the Gizeh stone quarry, with sandstone dimensions of 65' X 240'. The sphinx is associated with the sun god, and joins the boyd of a lion with the head of a pharaoh. The pharaoh presented is said to "probably" be Khafre although some believe it could be "Khufu". It is said that this suggests that the pharaoh combines human intelligence with the immense strength and authority of the king of beasts. I find the size of this sculpture insane and find it overall very interesting.

Kilpatrick 9/29/20

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Artists: Unknown
Created: 2700 BCE

The  Eshnunna Statuettes are Carved of soft gypsum and inlaid with shell and black limestone. They are all holding there hands together to show prayer. It was very interesting that these statues are only a couple feet tall. In the pictures they seem much bigger than they actually are. I also wondered why they made the eyes so big and very unrealistic. It doesn't make sense to make them that big when they were trying to make they as realistic as possible. Overall though it is a very interesting piece of art.

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Artist: Sumerians
Created: 3200-3000 BCE.

This mosaic-like statue is one of the oldest examples of narrative-based Sumerian art. Most interestingly, many deliberated on whether each side of the piece was depicting two separate events, or an intertwining timeline. This has caused each side to be given its own title; one being called "The War Side," and the other being called "The peace side." Upon viewing the images from left to right starting at the bottom, you begin to uncover a story of victory and celebration. My fascination with this piece plays into how it shows mankind's development in the arts. Rather than the simplistic versions of people and animals haphazardly placed upon stone, were actually reaching a point where were creating entire scenes filled with a background, diverse characteristics within the people, and posed figures that further tell a story.

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Artist: Heuzey
Created: Around 2090 BCE

This was a statue created to represent the Gudea of Lagash. He was a very prominent figure because all of his statues were made of Diorite. This is significant because the large pieces of stone had to be imported from different countries. Also, I wonder why there is no head on the statue. It does not make sense to me that they would import such a large and expensive piece of stone and not put a head on it.

DeMonica 9/17/20

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The statue of Ebih-ll
Artist- unknown but found in Mesopotamia
Created - 2400 BCE

I think this statue is very cool because of its unique features and symbolic meaning. The features would include the folded hands and the big eyes. The folded hands are said to represent the person in prayer forever because he is stone and clay and cannot move. The big eyes are said to be an entrance into the soul as he looks with big eyes at the world around. This sculpture was a masterpiece of its time and many more were created just like it.

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Artist: Akkadians
Created: around 2200 BCE

I found this piece to be very interesting. Not only due to the fact that it is the first known hollow casting in existence, but also because it depicts an Akkadian ruler, showing how much power he had and how much people believed in him. Also, I find it interesting that the Sumerians mutilated his face, I wonder if what they did to the sculpture, they did to him in real life? Obviously, they didn't expect us to study this so many years later, so the destruction only adds to the historical significance.

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Artist: Sumerians
Created: around 3000-3500 BCE

The found the Inanna head of the goddess of love, beauty, sex, desire, fertility, war, justice, and political power very interesting. Talking about the head in class, I found it very cool that only the head of the statue was found, because they used expensive marble in order to make the head, while the body was made with other objects that weren't as important to the Sumerians. It was also said that the more previous sculpture of Inanna would have more colorful and vibrant with shells and stones and also a gold leaf which wore down overtime symbolizing Inanna's importance and power.

Kilpatrick 9/15/20

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Artist: unknown
created: 3200-3000 BCE

This piece is incredibly fascinating as it is believed to be the very start of narrative work. Found in Uruk in modern day Iraq the vase is the earliest found demonstration of using narrative and picture to tell some form of story. This type of artwork is incredibly common for it's time, but it is interesting to see the start of it all. The vase itself is divided into four registers, or the horizontal stripes breaking up different images. From the bottom to the top it reads as a story possibly representing the symbolic marriage between the goddess Inanna and the priest-king, solidifying the people's admiration with the goddess and the priest.

Bennett 9-14-20

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Apollo 11 Cave Animal Facing Left Namibia                       created: 23000 BCE  

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Apollo 11 Cave Animal Facing Left Namibia                       created: 23000 BCE  

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artist: Unknown
I found this piece of art very interesting because it was something very new for the time period. It's cool how they found a way to transport their art. Whereas they used to just draw on walls, but now they can transport it. It inst very detailed but it is cool how you can still see the 4 legged animal after so many years. I also liked how they made many of these and this wasn't the only one. It's even more impressive how that made paint and were so interested in painting such a long time ago.

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Artist: Unknown
Created: At least 35,000 years ago

I found this piece interesting because it depicts a human being living during that time. Another thing that is interesting is the fact that this was carved from ivory, so the creator likely had to take his time to make it at detailed as it is. This piece shows early signs of workmanship, it could be some of the earliest art from this time period.

Evans 8-28-2020

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Artist: unknown
Created: 15,000 - 10,000 BCE

I was quite interested in this piece. As I was furthering my research on the sculpture, I was quite fascinated by how different it was in comparison to other prehistoric works. I've always stereotyped art from that time be very abstract, usually carved from some kind of material. However, unlike many others, this was actually built up using wet clay from cave walls, and smoothed down with a stone tool similar to a spatula. I can't seem to get over how detailed and accurate these sculptures are, and when considering that they are each 2 feet long, it makes the feat even more impressive.

Stein 8/27/20

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Artist: Unknown
Created: As far back as 30,000 BCE

I found this piece interesting because it almost resembles a human, except for the head. Most of the art throughout history does not look human at all, but the body of this piece is very close to human-like. Also, it is very interesting because it is about a foot tall, and there was not a lot of people back then that would have wanted to carry this around. I wonder why the artist decided to make and carry this piece around.

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Artist: None
Created: 3 million years ago

This piece of historic art is very interesting to me and is one of a kind as it has no artist and was a piece found in a river that appeared to have a face. This piece is a 260 gram, 8.3cm long reddish brown cobble, that has natural chipping patterns that appears to look like a face. The piece was discovered by Eitzman, in the cave of Makapansgat in South Africa. This piece was discovered in 1925 and is a piece that is very important in  the history of art.

Kilpatrick 8-27-20

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Artist: Unknown
Created: 2300-1750 BCE

Looking at this prehistoric piece I could already differentiate it from many pieces from it's time. Furthering my research  found out that "Dancing Girl" otherwise referred to as "Indus Dancing girl" was one of the earliest examples of metal bending and casting. The statue was found in a city of the Indus Valley Civilization, Mohenjo-daro. Being one of the earliest cities in history, Mohenjo-daro displayed a large amount of art history and evolution, this sculpture being a prime example of that.

Bennett 8--23-2020

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Venus of Laussel                                

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Venus of Laussel                                

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Artist: Unknown
Created: 25,000 - 20,000 BCE

I found this prehistoric piece fascinating because it was one of the first relief sculptures known. Also, this sculpture is very mysterious as it can be interpreted many different ways. The Venus symbolizes fertility, and the horn can be seen as a drinking horn or even a musical instrument. Some even believe it represents a cornucopia, a symbol of abundance.

Piper 8-10-2020

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Artist: unknown
Created: 24,000 and 22,000 BCE

I found this prehistoric sculpture special because it was the first one of its kind. After the discovery of this many more similar to it were found nearby. The Venus is an 11.1 cm high statuette of a heavy female figure. It was discovered in 1908 by archaeologist Josef Szombathy at a paleolithic site near Willendorf, a village in Lower Austria near the city of Krems.

Carnahan 8-20-2020