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Why no Gauss?

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Why can you actively add/subtract them together? Why doesn't distance factor in?

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Try answering the posts in the why column without looking at the breakdown.

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What's the difference between physics electric potential and electrical voltage? Also what about potential energy and potential?

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For Gauss' Law to be useful, the electric field must be both:

1. Constant in magnitude at all points on the surface area.

2. Constant in angle to the surface.

With a cube with enclosed charge q, the electric field lines are as pictured below. Notice how through one side of the cube, the electric field lines are oriented at different angles. Therefore cubes do not follow the second requirement and Gauss' Law is not generally useful for this geometry.

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For infinite sheets, the charge densities can be superimposed mostly because as a consequence of Gauss' Law, the electric fields are constant and reliant only on the charge densities. I.e.:

E=\frac{q}{2\varepsilon _{0}}
(for infinite sheets of charge)

For an infinite cylinder, the reason linear charge densities can be superimposed is due to the property of the density. Linear charge density is measured along the length of the cylinder. So at a cross-sectional level, the linear densities can be superimposed because length does not change. The right hand side of the gif illustrates this property.

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Why does counting equipotential lines correlate to change in potential? I.e. if a points is three equipotential lines away from a point and another point is three equipotential lines from some other point, why is the potential in this situation the same?