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The Arts and Crafts Movement started in England and the United States with a man called William Morris who got his inspiration from an art critic named John Ruskin. it involved the use of dominant designs such as different colours and detailed patterns that were inspired by medieval, romantic and folk style decorations. this movement was also involved alot of textiles, typography and book printing and also other design types such as architecture and interior design. this movement was very beneficial for people of the general public because of the affordable prices, the craft work was simple and it was manufactured in small numbers.

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the Art Nouveau movement started in western Europe, it began in the 1880s as a reaction against the historical emphasis of mid-19th-century art, but <br>did not survive World War 1. this type of movement was very ornamental and asymmetrical, there was lots of abstract art and its designs were dreamlike and exotic. It featured architecture, interior design, decorative arts, jewellery, furniture, textiles, silver, furniture and lighting. Art Nouveau was also very recognisable for its correspondence with nature – the use of leaves, flowers, stems and curves like the image shown. The art nouveau movement was a way of rejecting the industrial revolution.

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Futurism was a largely Italian and Russian movement and was founded and inspired by Filippo Tomasso Marinettii in 1909. it had a variety of styles including art, painting, sculpture, poetry, theatre, music and architecture. since technology was invented the Futurists loved everything modern, and disliked everything historic. Futurism was a celebration of the machine age, war and favoring the growth of fascism. their designs were made in a way so that they depicted speed by blurring images. The writings, philosophies and aesthetic characteristics of futurism have been particularly influential to designers and in turn the development of graphic design.

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Dutch artistic movement founded in 1917 and used alot form, primary colour and contrast. this movement was pure abstraction developed by Piet Mondrian, Theo Van Doesburg and Bart van der Leck. Alot of vertical and horizontal directions were used in this style  and some of the most dominant design fields were the international style of architecture that influenced the Bauhaus style as well as clothing and interior design. this movement was influenced by cubist paintings and the designs  avoided symmetry and attained aesthetic balance by the use of opposition.

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The Bauhaus was founded in 1919 in the city of Weimar by German architect Walter Gropius, it featured architecture, sculpture, and painting. this movement came about when architects and artists began rebuilding Europe after the war, and people Paul Klee, Wassily Kandinsky, Oskar Schlemmer and Lyonel Feininger became interested in the movement. Gropius’ aim was to unite artists and  craftspeople in order to embrace  technological developments, this movement had such an impact on the culture today that alot of their work is still being used, like their typograph and contemporary designs.

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art deco developed into a major style in western Europe and the united states during the 1930s and the designs represented modernism turned into fashion. the style involves simple shapes, geometric styles, rich colours  and hand made materials. the art deco movement was influenced by other movements including futurism, and expressionism, and from the ideas that they generated they were able to create a style that was different from the others. art deco was mass produced and even used for the buildings during the great depression, making art deco have an impact on architecture as well.

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post modern architecture started in the 1950s but didn't become a movement until the 1960s and still influences architecture today. it got its ideas from the modernist style but they got replaced by diverse aesthetics and many post modern architects regarded many modern buildings as soulless and bland, overly simplistic and abstract. post modern design saw the comeback of columns and other elements of premodern designs, and sometimes adapting classical Greek and Roman examples.