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Lo Man-fei's 66th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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"Mi historia está en mis manos y en las manos con que otros las tatuaron.
De mi estadía quedan las magias y los ritos,
unas fechas gastadas por el soplo de un despiadado amor,
la humareda distante de la casa donde nunca estuvimos,
y unos gestos dispersos entre los gestos de otros que no me conocieron."

("My story is on my hands and on the hands of others who etched it upon me.
The rituals and magic from my stay remain,
times worn away by the breath of a ruthless love,
the distant smoke from the house we never entered,
and some vague gestures among the gestures of others who never knew me.")

-Olga Orozco, "Yo, Olga Orozco"

Today's Doodle celebrates Argentine poet Olga Orozco, a master of the surreal, on her 100th birthday. With 18 published volumes, she is widely considered a pivotal figure in 1940s Argentine and Latin American poetry.

Olga Nilda Gugliotta Orozco was born on this day in 1920 in Toay, a small town in central Argentina. The mystery she felt in the region's endless flat plains had a strong creative influence on her throughout her life.

Orozco took an early interest in poetry and went on to study literature at the University of Buenos Aires. She successfully published her early work in the literary magazine, Canto, and found creative company among a like-minded group of writers that came to be referred to as "The Generation of '40."

In 1946, she published her first book of poetry, "Desde lejos" ("From Far Away"), sparking a prolific creative period that lasted decades and solidified her status among Argentina's great poets. Her work was marked by a sense of magic and spirituality, exploring possible dimensions beyond the everyday physical world.

In honor of her work, Orozco received many notable awards, including the 1998 FIL Literary Award in Romance Languages-one of the most prestigious honors in Latin American and Caribbean literature.
¡Feliz cumpleaños, Olga Orozco!

Early concepts by artist Helene Leroux

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"Mi historia está en mis manos y en las manos con que otros las tatuaron. De mi estadía quedan las magias y los ritos, unas fechas gastadas por el soplo de un despiadado amor, la humareda distante de la casa donde nunca estuvimos, y unos gestos dispersos entre los gestos de otros que no me conocieron."

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Today's Doodle celebrates British activist Olive Morris on her 68th birthday. Morris is widely recognised as a prominent voice of leadership in the fight against discrimination in Great Britain during the 1970s.

Olive Elaine Morris was born in St. Catherine, Jamaica on this day in 1952 and moved to London before she turned 10. A catalysing moment in Morris' life of activism occurred when she was just 17, when she witnessed the arrest and beating of a Nigerian diplomat whom police had stopped on the basis of the "sus" laws of the time, similar to today's "stop-and-search" policies. In response to this injustice, Morris intervened to try to protect the diplomat and prevent the arrest. As a result, she was arrested, held, and physically assaulted. This incident ignited Morris' determination to take action, and she soon joined the Black Panthers' Youth Collective to oppose systemic racism within Britain.

Morris took a leadership role in the push toward justice across many areas of society, including fighting for racial equality, gender equality, and squatters' rights. After heading protests and demonstrations, she helped to found the Brixton Black Women's Group in 1973, one of Britain's first networks for Black women.

Despite leaving secondary school with no qualifications, Morris enrolled in 1975 at Manchester University, where she earned a degree in social sciences and fought tirelessly for issues like international students' rights. She also traveled extensively around the world, from China to Algeria, which greatly informed her approach to activism back home. In 1978, she co-founded the Organisation of Women of Asian and African Descent, considered instrumental in rallying movements for change.

In honor of Morris' lifetime of activism, she was selected in 2015 to appear on the Brixton Pound, a currency designed to foster local business within the South London neighborhood she served during her lifetime. Today's Doodle features Morris' portrait on a wall in South London, surrounded by the local community the Brixton Pound that featured her was intended to support. Her commitment to fighting for equality and justice continues to inspire today.

Today's Doodle art was created by Doodler Matt Cruickshank from the U.K.
Below, he shares some thoughts on the making of the Doodle:

Q: When did you first learn about Olive Morris?

Q: What was your creative approach for this Doodle? Why did you choose this approach?

Q: Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?

Q: What do you hope people will take away from this Doodle?

Early concepts and sketches of the Doodle

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Today's Doodle celebrates British activist Olive Morris on her 68th birthday. Morris is widely recognised as a prominent voice of leadership in the fight against discrimination in Great Britain during the 1970s. Olive Elaine Morris was born in St. Catherine, Jamaica on this day in 1952 and moved to London before she turned 10.

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Aimé Painé's 78th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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In celebration of U.S. Hispanic Heritage Month, today's Doodle-illustrated by Riverside, California-based guest artist Loris Lora -honors Panamanian-American nurse and educator Dr. Ildaura Murillo-Rohde. As a foundational figure in the creation of the National Association of Hispanic Nurses (NAHN), Dr. Murillo-Rohde dedicated her life to enhancing the quality of healthcare for underrepresented communities while equipping other Hispanic nurses with the skills to do the same.

Ildaura Murillo was born on September 6, 1920, in Panama into a family of health professionals. In 1945, she immigrated to San Antonio, Texas, where she found that relatively few of the city's nurses represented the linguistic and ethnic backgrounds of their largely Hispanic patients. Knowing that language barriers and cultural mannerisms often stood in the way of providing patients with the highest quality of care, Murillo-Rohde set out on a lifelong mission to cultivate a nursing workforce that could best serve America's growing Hispanic community.

After earning her doctorate from New York University in 1971, Dr. Murillo-Rohde took various positions that allowed her to clearly identify the underrepresentation of marginalized groups in the medical community as a national issue. To combat this problem, she helped found the Spanish Speaking/Spanish Surnamed Nurses' Caucus in 1975-now known as the National Association of Hispanic Nurses (NAHN)-and served as its first president.

Alongside continued work with the NAHN, Dr. Murillo-Rohde promoted cultural awareness as a psychiatric nurse, faculty member, professor, and dean. The American Academy of Nursing honored her numerous achievements with its prestigious fellowship-one of the highest nursing honors in the nation.

Today, the NAHN provides support for Hispanic nurses through various programs, including the Dr. Ildaura Murillo-Rohde Scholarship. It also honors members who have exhibited outstanding achievements in nursing education, research, and practice with the Dr. Ildaura Murillo-Rohde Award for Education Excellence by a Hispanic Registered Nurse.

Thank you for uplifting the next generation of Hispanic healthcare professionals, Dr. Ildaura Murillo-Rohde!

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Riverside, California-based guest artist, Loris Lora. Below, she shares her thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:
Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally? What does Hispanic Heritage Month mean to you?
A. Hispanic Heritage Month to me is about celebrating our culture and recognizing the contributions of those who continue to inspire future generations. I enjoy learning about minority women who were trailblazers of their time and helped create opportunities for women who came after them. My sister recently became a nurse and I found it interesting to learn about Dr. Murillo-Rohde and the things she stood for and achieved during her lifetime.
Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about the project?
A. I felt very honored and excited to take on such a special project. I love highlighting minority women who have helped their community and have made a big change for women of similar backgrounds.
Q. Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?
A. I was inspired by her story and her Panamanian background. The colors on this Doodle were inspired by Latin American textiles and orchid flowers (my research found that she always wore an orchid at NAHN conferences).
Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle? A. Early drafts and sketches of today's Doodle below I hope it sparks curiosity of who this woman was so more people learn about her achievements and how she has been influential to the Hispanic nursing community-and to Latinx communities, in general.

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In celebration of U.S. Hispanic Heritage Month, today's Doodle-illustrated by Riverside, California-based guest artist Loris Lora -honors Panamanian-American nurse and educator Dr. Ildaura Murillo-Rohde. As a foundational figure in the creation of the National Association of Hispanic Nurses (NAHN), Dr. Murillo-Rohde dedicated her life to enhancing the quality of healthcare for underrepresented communities while equipping other Hispanic nurses with the skills to do the same.

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March 22,2021

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Elena Lacková's 100th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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March 27,2021

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Celebrating Tawhida Ben Cheikh! #GoogleDoodle

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September 21, 2020

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Jovita Idár's 135th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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August 8, 2021

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Sarla Thukral's 107th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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July 5, 2021

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June 27, 2021

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Mina Wylie's 130th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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November 16, 2020

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Eliška Junková's 120th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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September 6, 2021

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Carmen Laforet's 100th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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September 10, 2021

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July 18, 2021

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Yuwi, Torres Strait Islander and South Sea Islander guest artist Dylan Mooney, celebrates revolutionary Aboriginal Australian activist Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi", who is widely regarded among the 20th-century's leading advocates for Aboriginal rights.

Pearl Mary Gibbs "Gambanyi" was born on this day in 1901 to an Aboriginal mother and a non-Aboriginal father in La Perouse, New South Wales. At 16, Gibbs moved with her family to Sydney, where she worked as a servant. It was here that she met Aboriginal girls stolen from their homes and forced into domestic work-injustices that sparked her lifetime devotion to the fight for Aboriginal rights.

In 1937, Gibbs helped form the Aborigines Progressive Association (APA), an all-Aboriginal activist alliance that campaigned for Aboriginal citizenship, suffrage, and an end to unjust governmental bodies. As APA secretary beginning in 1938, she exposed the inhumane conditions and exploitation of women and children at government-run Aboriginal reserves. A public speaker as charismatic as she was influential, Gibbs helped organize the Day of Mourning protest that same year. Widely credited as the catalyst of the contemporary Aboriginal political movement, this demonstration was the first to bring the plight of Indigenous Australians to national attention.

Gibbs never faltered in her efforts for Indigenous justice over the decades that followed, a struggle that culminated in 1954 when the New South Wales Aborigines Welfare Board appointed her as its first-and only-female member. She also helped organize the Aboriginal-Australian Fellowship (AAF) in 1956. With Gibbs at the helm, the AAF petitioned for a change in the Australian constitution, which paved the way for the 1967 referendum that granted Indigenous Australians suffrage and citizenship.

Today's Doodle artwork depicts Gibbs' life, legacy, and dedication to improving the lives of Aboriginal Australians-symbolized, for instance, by the Flannel Flowers on her dress, an icon she adopted to represent resilience.

Happy Birthday, Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi," and thank you for your lifetime devotion to building a more equitable world.

Thank you to Wiradjuri and Gamilaroi artist, Lynette Riley, for contributing to this Doodle artwork. The concentric circles along the bottom of the artwork is a design by Lynette Riley representing Pearl Gibbs' family tree and the history of her family.

Special thanks to the family of Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi" for their partnership on this project. Below her granddaughter, Anny, shares her thoughts on her grandmother's legacy: Pearl Gibbs was stridently outspoken, never shy at stepping up and certainly no shrinking violet when it came to shouting from the rooftops about the social injustices experienced by her beloved black brothers and sisters. Historian Heather Goodall once described her as "charming, persuasive and abrasive". It seems there was no shortage of information about Gibbs for people to write about; however she kept her personal life secret. Even though she was a passionate speaker there was one thing people in her professional and personal circles had never heard from her lips-as a single parent, around the age of 30, her three young children under ten were removed by her estranged husband. No reason, no explanation, no redress. It's not hard to imagine her grief, her sense of loss and the daily impact of a lifetime of being isolated from her family. Not once did she share the heartbreak of losing her children or her ten grandchildren while she was still alive. Not once did she put herself out as being more important than her messages about the mistreatment of young Aboriginal women, their families and their communities. We family members have long suspected her personal losses fuelled her passionate life long fight for Aboriginal people's rights for past, present and future generations.
We are thankful Google has chosen to showcase our nana so she can be more widely recognised, acknowledged and honoured. As a First Nation social rights and justice activist, Pearl Gibbs was the first at many things for a woman of her time. We reckon our nana would probably have not wanted the focus on her as a person, but rather on her achievements. There is a first time for everything.

Pictured: Helen Druett (granddaughter), Simone Cambey (great-granddaughter) and Anny Druett (granddaughter)
Photo Credit: Courtesy of the family of Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi"

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Yuwi, Torres Strait and South Sea Islander guest artist Dylan Mooney. Below, he shares his thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:

Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?
A. Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle? A. Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle? A. My hope is that people reflect on our history within Australia and know our past and what Aunty Pearl Gibbs has done for this nation. I also hope that Indigenous women are celebrated for what they do for our community, in whatever that may be. Indigenous women are our heroes. I couldn't believe it, being approached by a big company such as Google you know it was a bit overwhelming. But I'm so proud to have worked with Google and Aunty Pearl Gibbs' family to bring this work to life. This topic was important to me not only because of the work Aunty Pearl Gibbs has done for Aboriginal people, but also her work with women and children. She created change for our people to keep thriving.

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Yuwi, Torres Strait Islander and South Sea Islander guest artist Dylan Mooney, celebrates revolutionary Aboriginal Australian activist Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi", who is widely regarded among the 20th-century's leading advocates for Aboriginal rights. Pearl Mary Gibbs "Gambanyi" was born on this day in 1901 to an Aboriginal mother and a non-Aboriginal father in La Perouse, New South Wales.

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September 23, 2020

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Romy Schneider's 82nd Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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August 3, 2021

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August 9, 2021

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Nairobi-based guest artist , celebrates legendary Kenyan activist Mekatilili wa Menza, known for inspiring the Giriama people to resist colonial rule in the early 20th century. Today on the Kenyan coast, the resilient legacy of Menza is commemorated during the festivities of the traditional Malindi Cultural Festival, an annual celebration of local history and pride.

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October 15, 2020

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Dr. Zohra Begum Kazi's 108th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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7 july

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Moscow-born guest artist celebrates the 96th birthday of prolific Russian neuroscientist Dr. Natalia Bekhtereva, who committed her life to the mission of demystifying the workings of the human brain. Her pioneering research led to crucial breakthroughs in the understanding of human cognition, and she improved many lives by laying the foundation for new treatments of nervous system diseases.

Dr. Natalia Petrovna Bekhtereva was born on this day in 1924 in Leningrad, Russia. As a child, she was determined to succeed and willed herself to the head of her class. Dr. Bekhtereva graduated from medical school in 1947 and then turned her focus to neurophysiology, following in the footsteps of her grandfather Vladimir Bekhterev, a legendary scientist in that field. In 1950, Bekhtereva began as a junior researcher with the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, where she spent decades and eventually became the director of the Institute of Experimental Medicine.

Through her research, Dr. Bekhtereva made huge strides in the scientific understanding of how the brain works, including how different neurological structures and processes are linked together. She also contributed to breakthroughs in the study of chronic nervous system disorders and pioneered less invasive surgical methods to diagnose and treat them. In 1990, Dr. Bekhtereva founded the Institute of the Human Brain of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which today bears her name and continues to push forward her life's mission.

Dr. Bekhtereva received numerous international awards for her work and authored over 360 scientific papers throughout her storied career.

С Днем Рождения , Dr. Natalia Bekhtereva, and thank you for helping to explore the mysteries of the human brain!

Q: Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?

It was a coincidence that Google asked me to draw a Doodle dedicated to Natalia Bekhtereva, because I'd actually been reading various brain studies just before - I find them really interesting. Of course, I recognise her as one of the most important neuroscientists in Russia, and I was glad to immerse myself in her work while drawing.

Q: What were your first thoughts when you were approached about the project?

Honestly, I knew from the beginning that it would be challenging to draw a neuroscientist as it's not an easy profession to depict (especially in a Doodle). I came up with some sketches using metaphors and abstract forms, and eventually the team and I decided to focus on the latter.

Q: Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?

You may find it surprising that I took some inspiration from Kandinsky' and Miro' abstract paintings. I thought it would be interesting to draw neurons as abstract shapes and colors.

Q: What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle?

I really hope they will be curious about the fun, quirky letters in the Doodle. If they're intrigued enough to look through the work Natalia did, I'd be very happy - especially because when we learn something new our brain makes new neural pathways!

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Moscow-born guest artist celebrates the 96th birthday of prolific Russian neuroscientist Dr. Natalia Bekhtereva, who committed her life to the mission of demystifying the workings of the human brain. Her pioneering research led to crucial breakthroughs in the understanding of human cognition, and she improved many lives by laying the foundation for new treatments of nervous system diseases.

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8 july

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Today's Doodle celebrates groundbreaking Italian artist Artemisia Gentileschi on her 427th birthday. Gentileschi is best known for her depictions of powerful heroines, many of which seem to reflect the prejudice and hardship she faced in her own life. Today she is considered one of the greatest female artists of the Baroque period.

Artemisia Gentileschi was born in Rome in present-day Italy on this day in 1593. Her father was a painter and trained young Gentileschi in the dramatic style developed by the master Caravaggio. At just 17, Gentileschi produced one of her most famous works, "Susanna and the Elders" (1610), which for many years was incorrectly credited to her father.

After Gentileschi fell victim to a tragic crime in her teen years, her father brought her art teacher to trial, and though he was found guilty, Gentileschi's reputation was unjustly tarnished in the process. Gentileschi rose above these circumstances to achieve enormous success in a field typically reserved for men.

Among her many accomplishments, in 1616, she became the first woman accepted to the esteemed (Academy of Design) in Florence. She received patronage from the famous Medici family and even struck up a friendship with the legendary scientist Galileo.

Following centuries of relative obscurity, Gentileschi's paintings are today celebrated around the world, and an ornate plate rests in her honor as part of Judy Chicago's iconic work "The Dinner Party" (1979).

Today's Doodle art was created by Doodler Helene Leroux.
Below, she shares some thoughts on the making of the Doodle:

Q: What was your creative approach for this Doodle? Why did you choose this approach?

A: My approach for the Doodle was to really study the painting technique of Artemisia. I unfortunately did not use real oil painting for the final render, but I've always loved the chiaroscuro approach to painting, and thought it was important to render a portrait of Artemisia referencing her painting style directly in the subject.

Q: Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?

A: Artemisia's story growing up is pretty dark and the strength and fight she has shown through her art in her life is very empowering and inspirational, especially at a time when it was hard for female artists to be known. It's been fascinating learning more about her life and creative approach.

Q: What do you hope people will take away from this Doodle?

A I hope people can also feel inspired; it shows once again how art is a powerful tool to express yourself and reflect the society we live in.

Early concepts and sketches of the Doodle

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Today's Doodle celebrates groundbreaking Italian artist Artemisia Gentileschi on her 427th birthday. Gentileschi is best known for her depictions of powerful heroines, many of which seem to reflect the prejudice and hardship she faced in her own life. Today she is considered one of the greatest female artists of the Baroque period.

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20 july

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Moscow-based guest artist , celebrates Russian director, screenwriter, and professor Tatyana Lioznova on her 96th Birthday. Lioznova was widely known for the beloved 1973 spy thriller television series "Seventeen Moments of Spring," and through her work explored themes like alienation and perseverance, often inspired by her personal life.

Tatyana Lioznova was born in the Russian capital of Moscow on this day in 1924 and went on to graduate from the world's oldest film school, the All-Union State University of Cinematography, or VGIK.

Lioznova broke new ground as a female director, a rare profession for women in Russia at the time. She made her directorial debut in 1958 with "The Memory of the Heart" and saw nationwide success with the 1967 romance "Three Poplars at Plyushchikha." Lioznova reached new heights of fame with her hugely popular 12-part series "Seventeen Moments of Spring." The series-which inspired the Doodle artwork on Lioznova's right side-takes place during World War II and follows protagonist Maxim Isayev, a fictional Soviet spy often compared to his British counterpart James Bond. Referenced on the left side of the artwork is Lioznova's 1982 hit film "Carnival," a musical comedy she both wrote and directed.

Lioznova also returned to her alma mater VGIK and taught workshops on acting and directing to a new generation of Russian filmmakers. In honor of her contributions to Russian cinema, Lioznova was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1984.

Thank you, Tatyana Lioznova, for entertaining the world through the unique lens of Russian culture.

Q: Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?

Female directors are still rarely seen in our country and around the whole world, as well. Tatyana Lioznova managed to make her way through the cinema art field and become one of the most significant directors in the middle of 20th century. I think that she is a great role model for young girls who want to devote themselves to any form of art.

Q: What were your first thoughts when you were approached about the project?

I thought it would be awesome to show Tatyana's occupation through the prism of a Soviet movie poster, especially since this aesthetic largely influenced me personally as an illustrator.

Q: Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?

The main sources of inspiration were photos and videos from Tatyana Lioznova's time. I have watched a few documentaries about her and rewatched some of her feature films for more inspiration and knowledge.

Q: What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle?

I hope this Doodle inspires people to learn more about this wonderful woman and watch more of her films. I also hope this experience helps encourage people to overcome life's difficulties.

Early concepts and sketches of the Doodle

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Moscow-based guest artist , celebrates Russian director, screenwriter, and professor Tatyana Lioznova on her 96th Birthday. Lioznova was widely known for the beloved 1973 spy thriller television series "Seventeen Moments of Spring," and through her work explored themes like alienation and perseverance, often inspired by her personal life.

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27 july

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Today's Doodle celebrates French botanist and explorer Jeanne Baret on her 280th birthday. In 1766, Baret departed France aboard the ship (Star) as part of an exploratory expedition and upon her return made history as the first woman to circle the globe.

Jeanne Baret was born on this day in 1740 in the historic town of Autun in central France. Thanks to a rural upbringing, she became adept at identifying plants and earned recognition as a local specialist in plant medicine. In the early 1760s, she began working for the noted botanist Philibert Commerson.

When France organized its first circumnavigation of the globe in 1765, Commerson was invited along as the group's botanist. French laws barred women from navy ships, so in order to serve as his assistant, Baret dressed to appear as a man. The pair collected over 6,000 plant specimens during the voyage.

Today, many credit Baret alone for the European discovery of the now-famous bougainvillea vine while the crew was stopped in Brazil. Depicted in the Doodle artwork is a bougainvillea vine in bloom, wrapping around an inquisitive Baret aboard the

Eventually, crewmembers discovered Baret had been dressing as a man in Tahiti, and she and Commerson ended their journey early on the island of Mauritius in 1768. Baret remained there for years before she finally returned to France, which marked the official completion of her circumnavigation.

In 2012, Baret was finally given a botanical honor that eluded her during her lifetime, when a newly discovered plant from the genus-which includes potatoes, tomatoes, and eggplants-was given the species name

Thank you, Jeanne Baret, for opening the door for generations of explorers.

Today's Doodle art was created by Doodler Sophie Diao.
Below, she shares some thoughts on the making of the Doodle:

Q: What was your creative approach for this Doodle? Why did you choose this approach?

A: I started by gathering references that could be inspiring - 1760s nautical maps, botanical samples, illustrations previously made of Jeanne Baret. I wanted the Doodle to combine her botanist side with her adventuring side. Being the first woman to circumnavigate the globe is no small feat!

Q: Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?

A: Bougainvillea! Jeanne Baret took a sample of this flowering vine when she was traveling in Brazil. I have always loved this plant, and I definitely wanted to include it!

Q: What do you hope people will take away from this Doodle?

A: That history is full of unique stories of adventurers like Jeanne Baret, and sometimes the truth is stranger than fiction.

Early concepts and sketches of the Doodle

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Today's Doodle celebrates French botanist and explorer Jeanne Baret on her 280th birthday. In 1766, Baret departed France aboard the ship (Star) as part of an exploratory expedition and upon her return made history as the first woman to circle the globe.

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31 july

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3 aogust

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9 aogust

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Nairobi-based guest artist , celebrates legendary Kenyan activist Mekatilili wa Menza, known for inspiring the Giriama people to resist colonial rule in the early 20th century. Today on the Kenyan coast, the resilient legacy of Menza is commemorated during the festivities of the traditional Malindi Cultural Festival, an annual celebration of local history and pride.

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Bahiga Hafez's 112th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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Today's animated Doodle celebrates the life and work of English abstract sculptor Dame Barbara Hepworth, widely considered one of the mid-20th century's most impactful sculptors. On this day in 1939, Hepworth arrived in St. Ives, a town on England's southern coast, where she established her studio and lived for the remainder of her career.

Jocelyn Barbara Hepworth was born on January 10th, 1903 in Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England, and by the age of 15, she knew she wanted to become a sculptor. She enrolled at the Leeds School of Art, where she began a mutually influential lifelong friendship with fellow sculptor Henry Moore, and then attended the Royal College of Art in London. While her early work incorporated classic elements, by the 1930s she had shifted to wholly abstract pieces, among the earliest such sculptures crafted in Britain.

As depicted in today's Doodle artwork, Hepworth was one of the leading practitioners of "direct carving," a technique by which the sculpting process is influenced by the qualities of the raw materials, rather than a preconceived model. Her work is frequently marked by a sensitive, organic quality and a signature focus on the interplay between mass and empty space.

Among her many accolades, Hepworth was awarded the Grand Prix at the 1959 São Paulo Bienal, and for her invaluable contribution to British art was named Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1965. Hepworth's more than 600 sculptures remain a testament to the unique power of art to reflect the timeless values of humanism and natural beauty.

Thank you, Dame Barbara Hepworth, for using your art to help carve a path toward greater harmony within our society and environment.

Doodler Q&A with Matt Cruickshank

Today's Doodle art was created by Doodler Matt Cruickshank from the UK.
Below, he shares some thoughts on the making of the Doodle:

Q: When did you first learn about Barbara Hepworth?

A: At Salisbury Art College in Wiltshire, England, our tutors encouraged us to look at all facets of art from drawings to 3D. I remember a book on Hepworth in the library with her striking forms on the front cover. It was impossible NOT to pick up and look through!

Q: What was your creative approach for this Doodle? Why did you choose this approach?

A: The approach centred around the Hepworth studio in St. Ives, imagining such a magnificent space to create in with windows open and cats quietly judging. I had made small sculptures firsthand to try and understand Barbara's thought process before looking at "Pendour" - one of Barbara's pieces that seemed to fit our logo and composition the best.

Q: Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?

A: One of Hepworth's quotes was "I draw what I feel in my body." This is so prolific. She approached subjects with great classical knowledge and training. These tools gave her the base with which to nurture her ultimate skill: instinct.

Q: What do you hope people will take away from this Doodle?

A That we can aspire to achieve what Barbara did - to shape forms in balance with nature and harmony, whether that form is sculpture, writing, music or even just ourselves.

Explore the artistic development of one of the most important British artists of the 20th century, Barbara Hepworth, on

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Today's animated Doodle celebrates the life and work of English abstract sculptor Dame Barbara Hepworth, widely considered one of the mid-20th century's most impactful sculptors. On this day in 1939, Hepworth arrived in St. Ives, a town on England's southern coast, where she established her studio and lived for the remainder of her career.

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21 september

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Jovita Idár's 135th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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September 24,2020

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Kolkata native and guest artist , celebrates the 80th birthday of the trailblazing Indian swimmer Arati Saha. On September 29, 1959, Saha covered a breathtaking 42 miles from Cape Gris Nez, France to Sandgate, England (a route depicted in today's Doodle) to become the first Asian woman to swim across the English Channel-a feat considered the swimming equivalent of climbing Mount Everest.

Arati Saha was born on this day in 1940 in Calcutta, British India (Kolkata, India). At four years old, she learned to swim on the banks of the Hooghly River, and her precocious skill in the water soon attracted the mentorship of one of India's top competitive swimmers, Sachin Nag. Under Nag's wing, Saha won her first swimming gold medal when she was only five, and it was certainly not her last.

A record-setting prodigy by just 11 years old, Saha became the youngest member (and one of only four women) on the first team to represent the newly independent India in the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland. At the age of 18, Saha made her first attempt to cross the English Channel, and though it was unsuccessful, she never gave up. Just over a month later, she conquered miles of churning waves and currents to complete the journey, a historic victory for women across India.

In honor of her enduring achievements, Saha became the first-ever female recipient of India's Padma Shri award in 1960.

Happy birthday, Arati Saha, and thank you for channeling your passion to inspire women everywhere!

orn and raised in the city of Kolkata, for me, Arati Saha was a known household name growing up. My brother and I used to be avid stamp collectors as kids and I remember our excitement when her stamp was issued in the 90s! Having the opportunity to now celebrate her achievements with this Doodle is truly an honor!

Q: What were your first thoughts when you were approached about the project?

I had to pinch myself to believe it! I have been following Google Doodles for years and never imagined I would create one one day. And for the Doodle to be celebrating Arati Saha-a fellow Kolkatan-was icing on the cake!

Q: Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?

I drew inspiration from Saha's most celebrated achievement of having crossed the English channel and becoming the first Asian woman to do so! I definitely wanted to portray that milestone in the Doodle and tried a few variations before narrowing down to the map concept, which I felt best captured it.

I hope it adds to the celebration of female figures in our country's history and of human resilience. I also hope it's an inspiration to people everywhere to dream big, no matter where you come from.
Early concepts of the Doodle

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Kolkata native and guest artist , celebrates the 80th birthday of the trailblazing Indian swimmer Arati Saha. On September 29, 1959, Saha covered a breathtaking 42 miles from Cape Gris Nez, France to Sandgate, England (a route depicted in today's Doodle) to become the first Asian woman to swim across the English Channel-a feat considered the swimming equivalent of climbing Mount Everest.

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16 november

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Eliška Junková's 120th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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September 1, 2020

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by guest artist , celebrates the 116th birthday of Japanese novelist, essayist, and feminist Aya Kōda, widely revered as one of the most luminary Japanese authors of her time. Kōda's writing eloquently explored topics like familial relationships, gender roles, and traditional Japanese culture, and she came to be closely associated with the appearance of the

Aya Kōda was born on this day in 1904 in the Japanese capital of Tokyo. Her father, Rohan Kōda, was one of Japan's most esteemed authors, and Kōda began her writing career at age 43 with an essay about him for a literary journal.

In the 1940s and '50s, Kōda honed her captivating style through a series of similarly autobiographical essays that chronicled her life with the eccentric Rohan. Despite her unexpected literary success, she stopped writing for several months to work as a maid at a geisha house. Kōda's experience among the kimono-clad women there inspired her 1955 debut novel " " ("Flowing"), which is cited as a critical turning point in her career.

Today's Doodle artwork depicts Kōda dressed in a kimono, a subject she examined so frequently that her first 1958-'59 essay collection featured covers made of hand-stitched kimono fabric. In the background of the Doodle artwork is the Horinji Temple found in Japan's Nara prefecture. The Kōda family had strong ties to pagodas, and when a fire caused by lightning burnt down the original Horinji Temple in 1944, Kōda raised money that helped fund its 1970s reconstruction. Kōda went on to produce a prolific body of work, much of which can be found in her 23-volume, career-spanning collection published from 1994-'97.

Happy birthday, Aya Kōda, and thank you for sharing the fabric of Japanese culture with the world!

Q: Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?

It is very inspiring to know about a female writer doing such revolutionary work during a time when most women didn't really have occupations outside of homemaking.

Q: What were your first thoughts when you were approached about the project?

Q: What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle?

I hope people are inspired by her strength as a female author when that was not really an option for a woman and her involvement to reconstructing Horinji Temple's three-story pagoda.

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by guest artist , celebrates the 116th birthday of Japanese novelist, essayist, and feminist Aya Kōda, widely revered as one of the most luminary Japanese authors of her time.

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December 16,2020

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Marie Popelin's 174th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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December 24, 2020

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Aliye Berger's 117th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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december 24, 2020

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Aliye Berger's 117th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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November 9, 2020

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Marie Dressler's 151nd Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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December 10,2020

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19 march, 2021

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Dona Militana's 96th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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July 18, 2021

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Bengaluru, India-based guest artist Oddrija, celebrates the 160th birthday of Indian doctor Kadambini Ganguly-the first woman to be trained as a physician in India.

On this day in 1861, Kadambini Ganguly (née Bose) was born in Bhagalpur British India, now Bangladesh. Her father, a co-founder of India's first women's rights organization, enrolled Ganguly in school during an era when education was uncommon for Indian women. She took the reins on the opportunity, and in 1883, Kadambini Ganguly and her peer Chandramukhi BasuIn became the first women to graduate college in Indian history.

Soon after graduating, Ganguly married professor and activist Dwarkanath Ganguly, who encouraged her to pursue a degree in medicine. She persisted-despite numerous initial rejections-until she was eventually admitted to the Calcutta Medical College. She graduated in 1886, making history once again as the first woman to become an Indian-educated doctor. Ganguly had no intention of slowing her groundbreaking momentum. After working and studying in the United Kingdom, she earned three additional doctoral certifications with a specialization in gynecology and returned to India in the 1890s to open her own private practice.

Ganguly sought to uplift other women in India through both medical service and activism in India's women's rights movement. Among many other campaigns, Ganguly joined six others to form the first all-women delegation of the 1889 Indian National Congress.

The 2020 " Prothoma Kadambini " biographical television series based on Ganguly's life reinvigorated her legacy by telling her inspirational story to a new generation.

Happy birthday, Kadambini Ganguly!

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Bengaluru, India-based guest artist Oddrija. Below, she shares her thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:

Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally? A. Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle? A. Q. Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle? A. Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle? A. My message would be to treat healthcare workers (be it doctors, nurses or even people who clean up after you) and frontier workers with a bit more respect on a daily basis, since 2020 has shown us how fragile human life can be. Since there is only one photograph of Ganguly available in online archives, I did some reading about her life and times. Fortunately, there is an impressive online archive of architecture from her times which helped in creating the tone for the Doodle. For the portrait, the only black and white picture was the savior! Simply put, I get to do a Google Doodle about a personality who is from my own home town, spoke my mother tongue and created big change back in her day. It was a proud moment for a Bengali! In the year of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen how medical infrastructure and doctors have been hailed as sheroes and heroes for becoming the saviors the world needs. Looking back in time, Kadambini Ganguly was a frontrunner in her contribution to medical infrastructure in India with her indomitable spirit and inquisitiveness that landed her a triple diploma in her studies in Western Medicine. In the same spirit, working on this Doodle was a super proud moment for me-getting to represent a young, spirited woman from pre-independence Bangladesh because my own familial roots are also in Bangladesh. Alongside the same, I got to represent some aspect of my own home town which is Calcutta (Ganguly studied in Calcutta Medical College and worked for a long time in many hospitals across Calcutta).

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Bengaluru, India-based guest artist Oddrija, celebrates the 160th birthday of Indian doctor Kadambini Ganguly-the first woman to be trained as a physician in India. On this day in 1861, Kadambini Ganguly (née Bose) was born in Bhagalpur British India, now Bangladesh.

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December 7, 2020

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Kateryna Bilokur's 120th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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January 18, 2021

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Petrona Eyle's 155th Birthday #GoogleDoodle

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28 novembre 2020

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Bano Qudsia's 92nd Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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February 2, 2021

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Izmir, Turkey-based guest artist Hüseyin Sönmezay, celebrates Turkish doctor, educator, author, and social reformer Safiye Ali who is widely credited as the nation's first female doctor. Born on this day in 1884 in Istanbul in the Ottoman Empire (now Turkey), Ali dedicated herself to the improvement of women's education on medical issues and fought tirelessly to protect the health of the country's children.

During an era when education was largely a male domain, Ali attended the American College for Girls in Istanbul, and there she set her sights on becoming a doctor. She then traveled to Germany on a scholarship to pursue a degree from the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Würzburg. A gifted student, Ali earned first place in the senior examination in medicine and graduated in 1921. With a specialization in gynecology and pediatrics, she returned to Istanbul and revolutionized her field when she opened her first clinic in 1923.

In addition to treating patients, Ali led numerous impactful organizations like Süt Damlası (Milk Drop), which worked to provide education and medical services to mothers and young children. Committed to the power of education, Ali wrote multiple books and eventually taught at the American College for Girls. It is here she once again made history, this time as the first female lecturer to provide a medical education to women. A testament to Ali's renowned stature in the medical field, she also represented Turkey in numerous congresses across Europe.

Happy birthday, Safiye Ali, and thank you for inspiring future generations of women to practice medicine.

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Izmir, Turkey-based guest artist Hüseyin Sönmezay. Below, he shares his thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:
Q: Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?
A: Safiye Ali is a valuable role model who inspired women to take a more active role in the society, and as a result of her efforts, women were admitted to medical schools. As a father of two daughters, I felt very excited and honored to be a part of such a meaningful project.
Q: Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?
A: I found many articles about her in my research, but she had only a few old photographs visually. Because of that, I decided on a concept based on 'old photographs'.
Q: What do you hope people take away from your Doodle?
A: This is a tribute to all healthcare workers, not only in Turkey, but all around the world who are fighting against the pandemic-just like Safiye Ali used her skill

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Izmir, Turkey-based guest artist Hüseyin Sönmezay, celebrates Turkish doctor, educator, author, and social reformer Safiye Ali who is widely credited as the nation's first female doctor. Born on this day in 1884 in Istanbul in the Ottoman Empire (now Turkey), Ali dedicated herself to the improvement of women's education on medical issues and fought tirelessly to protect the health of the country's children.

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September 29, 2020

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September 20, 2020

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Jordanian-American guest artist , commemorates the 86th birthday of pioneering Egyptian translator and children's author Notaila Rashed. Known affectionately as "Mama Loubna," Rashed devoted her life to the creation and promotion of children's literature. She helmed the influential Arabic children's magazine "Samir" for decades and authored numerous beloved literary works for children and young adults alike. Through her books and short stories, she aspired to highlight ancient Egyptian literary traditions while showcasing the rich cultural heritage of contemporary life in her home country.

Notaila Ibrahim Rashed was born on this day in 1934 in Cairo, Egypt. She went on to study at Cairo University, where she wrote her first children's stories. By 1953, her work had jumped off the pages and onto the airwaves through radio broadcasts. Just a few years later, Rashed helped found the groundbreaking educational magazine "Samir," and she later oversaw the publication as its editor-in-chief.

Throughout her esteemed career, Rashed wrote and translated countless children's stories, and collaborated with a diverse list of Arabic youth magazines, television shows, and radio programs. Among her most famous works is the 1979 two-part book "The Diary of Yasser Family," which inspired the first children's film created by the Egyptian National Council of Culture.

Rashed received a variety of awards in honor of her contributions to Egyptian literature and society, including the Medal of the Council of the Ministry of Culture in 2002.

Thank you, Notaila Rashed, for fostering a love of literature across generations.

Q: What were your first thoughts when you were approached about the project?

Q: Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Jordanian-American guest artist , commemorates the 86th birthday of pioneering Egyptian translator and children's author Notaila Rashed. Known affectionately as "Mama Loubna," Rashed devoted her life to the creation and promotion of children's literature. She helmed the influential Arabic children's magazine "Samir" for decades and authored numerous beloved literary works for children and young adults alike.

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October 9, 2020

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Alberta, Canada-based guest artist , celebrates the 197th birthday of American-Canadian newspaper editor and publisher, journalist, teacher, lawyer, abolitionist, and suffragist Mary Ann Shadd Cary. Credited as the first Black female newspaper editor and publisher in North America and the second Black woman to earn a law degree in the United States, Shadd Cary is renowned as a courageous pioneer in the fight for abolition and women's suffrage.

Mary Ann Shadd was born on this day in 1823 in Wilmington, Delaware. Her parents were dedicated abolitionists and used their home as a station on the Underground Railroad to provide a safe haven to escaped slaves. Following her graduation from a Pennsylvania boarding school, she became a teacher. Frederick Douglass published her first work in his newspaper in 1948, which was a bold call to action for the abolitionist movement.

In the wake of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850-a major threat to Black people in the U.S.- the Shadd family moved north to Canada. It was there in 1853 that Shadd launched her historic newspaper, The Provincial Freemen , a weekly Black publication geared especially toward escaped slaves. Following her marriage, Shadd Cary moved back to the U.S. and, in 1883 earned her trailblazing law degree from Howard University.

For her invaluable contributions to Canadian history, Shadd Cary was honored by the country in 1994 as a Person of National Historic Significance.

Happy Birthday, Mary Ann Shadd Cary!

This opportunity educated me on such a prolific individual that I wasn't aware of in Canadian history. Being able to illustrate a Black woman as driven as Mary Ann was incredibly inspiring.

Q: What were your first thoughts when you were approached about the project?

At first, I was a little overwhelmed at the thought of creating a Google Doodle, but after the initial shock it was an incredibly exciting moment for me.

I did a lot of research on newspapers! How they were made, distributed, and the process of printmaking in the late 1800s. Through my research, I stumbled upon the recurring visual of stacked newspapers and decided that was something I really wanted to include in the Doodle.

I hope people will look at this illustration of a remarkable Black woman from the 1800s and feel inspired by what she was able to accomplish against all odds as an editor, educator, and activist.

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Alberta, Canada-based guest artist , celebrates the 197th birthday of American-Canadian newspaper editor and publisher, journalist, teacher, lawyer, abolitionist, and suffragist Mary Ann Shadd Cary.

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2 March 2021

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Wangdee Nima's 96th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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7 marzo 2021

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October 12, 2020

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October 26,2020

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Dolores Cacuango's 139th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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October 15, 2020

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Dr. Zohra Begum Kazi's 108th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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December 30,2020

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Sitka, Alaska-based guest artist Michaela Goade, celebrates Alaska Native civil rights champion Elizabeth Peratrovich, who played an instrumental role in the 1945 passage of the first anti-discrimination law in the United States. On this day in 1941, after encountering an inn door sign that read "No Natives Allowed," Peratrovich and her husband-both of Alaska's Indigenous Tlingit tribe-helped plant the seed for the anti-discrimination law when they wrote a letter to Alaska's governor and gained his support.

Elizabeth Peratrovich-whose Tlingit name is Kaaxgal.aat, a member of the Lukaax̱.ádi clan of the Raven moiety-was born on July 4, 1911 in Petersburg, Alaska during a time of extensive segregation in the territory. She was lovingly raised by adoptive parents, living in various small Southeast Alaska communities throughout her childhood. With a passion for teaching, Peratrovich attended college in Bellingham, Washington where she also became reacquainted with her husband, Roy Peratrovich, who was a student at the same school. The couple married and moved to Klawock, Alaska where their role in local politics and Elizabeth's knack for leadership drove her heavy involvement with the Alaska Native Sisterhood, one of the oldest civil rights groups in the world, leading to her eventual appointment as the organization's Grand President.

Seeking better access to lawmakers who could help effect change, the Peratrovichs moved in 1941 with their three children to the Alaskan capital of Juneau, where they were met with blatant discrimination. When attempting to buy a home in their new city, they were denied when the sellers saw they were of Alaska Native descent. Instances like these were unfortunately common for Alaska's Indigenous peoples and further motivated Peratrovich to take action in the name of systemic change.

Elizabeth and Roy worked with others to draft Alaska's first anti-discrimination bill, which was introduced in 1941 and failed to pass. On February 5, 1945 following years of perseverance, a second anti-discrimination bill was brought before the Alaska Senate, and Peratrovich took to the floor to deliver an impassioned call for equal treatment for Indigenous peoples. She was met with thunderous applause throughout the gallery, and her moving testimony is widely credited as a decisive factor in the passage of the historic Anti-Discrimination Act of 1945.

In 1988 the Alaska State Legislature declared February 16 as "Elizabeth Peratrovich Day," and in 2020 the United States Mint released a $1 gold coin inscribed with Elizabeth's likeness in honor of her historic achievements in the fight for equality.

Thank you, Elizabeth Peratrovich, for helping to build the foundation for a more equitable future.
Special thanks to the family of Elizabeth Peratrovich for their partnership on today's Doodle. Below, Elizabeth's granddaughter, betsy Peratrovich, shares her thoughts on her grandmother's legacy. My grandmother Elizabeth passed away before I was born, but based on the stories told in my family, she and my grandpa Roy were quite a team. He liked to give her all of the credit, as she continually inspired him to strive to improve the lives of Alaska Native peoples. But my dad recounts that they both used to sit around the dining table at night where together they typed letters, wrote and practiced speeches, and strategized on how best to secure equal rights for all. Because of the positions they held in the Alaska Native Brotherhood and Alaska Native Sisterhood, and because they lived in the territorial capital, my grandparents were uniquely positioned to shine a light on the issue of discrimination and to lobby Alaska lawmakers, the governor, and others to advocate for the passage of anti-discrimination legislation. In one instance, they decided to invite a legislator to join them for coffee, at which time they would plead their case. When the invitation was accepted, they took the small amount of spare change they had and brought it to the meeting-worrying the whole time that they wouldn't have enough to pay if anything other than coffee was ordered. Thankfully, not only did they have just enough money to pay for the beverages, but the meeting was productive! There were many grassroots efforts in those days, including efforts by countless other Alaska Native people who took steps to overcome and raise awareness of widespread inequities and instances of blatant prejudice. All Alaska Native peoples can be proud of the passage of Alaska's Anti-Discrimination Act of 1945-the first act of its kind in the United States.
Google.org is donating $1,250,000 to the National Congress of American Indians, the oldest and most representative American Indian and Alaska Native organization serving tribal governments and communities.

This funding will provide direct cash grants and business training to hundreds of Indigenous-owned small businesses in the US that have been impacted by COVID-19. Learn more.

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Sitka, Alaska-based guest artist Michaela Goade. Below, she shares her thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:
Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?
A. It meant a lot to work on this project. Elizabeth Peratrovich often doesn't receive the recognition she deserves, and her story is important, inspiring, and powerful. To be able to portray this strong Tlingit woman-as a Tlingit artist myself-is a good feeling. It means a great deal to be able to represent our Nation in this way and uplift Elizabeth's life and work.

I grew up hearing Elizabeth Peratrovich's name often, both in the community and also within our family. Our early family history intertwines with Elizabeth's as she was a friend to my great-aunts, and I was often told that we shared a distant familial connection. I've always admired Elizabeth Peratrovich for her strength, intelligence, courage and compassion.
Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about the project?
A. I was so excited! Not only was the project a chance to work on a Google Doodle, but also an opportunity to help amplify the life and work of Elizabeth Peratrovich.
Q. Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?
A. Yes! I drew quite a bit of inspiration from different sources for this Doodle. When drawing Elizabeth, I was particularly inspired by her famous testimony given to the Alaska Territorial Legislature in 1945. I wanted to show her in action as she delivered her powerful speech. Additionally, Elizabeth belonged to the Lukaax̱.ádi clan (a Raven Moiety), so I knew I wanted to include Raven and incorporate elements of traditional Formline into his design. In Tlingit creation stories, Raven was the one who brought daylight to the world. In the Doodle, Raven is holding the sun, which is a reference to this creation story. Similarly, Elizabeth was also a bringer of light to the world. Lastly, the ocean and tree imagery is a reference to our traditional homelands here in Southeast Alaska.
Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle?
A. It is my hope that this Doodle helps spread awareness of Elizabeth-who she was, where she came from, and the equality she fought so passionately for.
Early drafts of the Doodle below:

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Sitka, Alaska-based guest artist Michaela Goade, celebrates Alaska Native civil rights champion Elizabeth Peratrovich, who played an instrumental role in the 1945 passage of the first anti-discrimination law in the United States.

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October 31, 2020

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Eloísa Angulo's 101st Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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October 14, 2020

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February 8, 2021

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17 aprile 2021

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February 11, 2021

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22 Marzo 2021

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Elena Lacková's 100th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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4 maggio 2021

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Bucharest-based guest artist Irina Selaru, celebrates multidisciplinary Romanian artist Geta Brătescu on her 95th birthday. Credited as one of the first conceptual artists in Romania, Brătescu rose to international prominence with a series of exhibitions celebrating her prolific career in the 80s.

Georgeta Ann Comanescu was born on this day in 1926, north of the capital city of Bucharest in Ploiești, Romania. She worked as a children's book illustrator in the 1950s, and later in the decade joined the Union of Fine Artists, a state organization through which she travelled the country to sketch Romanians in their everyday lives. A testament to her talent in design, in the early '60s she was named the artistic director of the prestigious literary magazine Secolul 20.

But it was in the studio that Brătescu created much of her best-known work across a variety of mediums, including drawing, photography, film, and collages of commonplace materials. She was known for tackling themes like the relationship between art and life with a characteristic dry humor, though she frequently resisted categorization of her work. In 1978, Brătescu opened up her space and process to the world in one of her most famous works, the meta black-and-white film, "Atelierul" ("The Studio").

In 2017, at the twilight of her seven-decade-long career, Brătescu was given the honor to represent Romania at the prestigious Venice Biennale, and in the same year she was awarded the Ordinul Naţional "Steaua României" (National Order of the "Star of Romania"), the country's highest civilian honor.

Here's to an artist who refused to color within the lines-happy birthday, Geta Brătescu!

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Bucharest-based guest artist Irina Selaru. Below, she shares her thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:
Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally? A. Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle? A. Q. Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle? A. Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle? A. I always thought that art should give the viewer a positive feeling. It should make you forget about your daily problems, at least for a while, and make you feel pure joy. I really enjoy it when everyone has their own idea and concept about a piece of art. Therefore, what I would like people to see when they look at my Doodle, would simply be the beauty of having something to call a real passion. I was mainly inspired by Geta Brătescu's illustrations and the shapes she used. As I was admiring them, they started to look familiar and turn into the shapes I needed to create the "Google'' typography behind her. I also watched some interviews with Geta Brătescu in order to understand the kind of personality she had. I was extremely happy. The Doodles from the homepage always brightened my days, and being able to finally do the same for others was a dream come true. I remember the days when I was in my early years of high school, and we used to go to the art museum to talk about famous artists and eventually draw their masterpieces. One of those artists was Geta Brătescu, and I remember I was fascinated especially by her tapestries. Now that I think about it, I find it incredible the way that memories from our past come to meet us now. I never thought that I could have this great opportunity to create illustrations for some of my favorite Romanian artists.

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Bucharest-based guest artist Irina Selaru, celebrates multidisciplinary Romanian artist Geta Brătescu on her 95th birthday. Credited as one of the first conceptual artists in Romania, Brătescu rose to international prominence with a series of exhibitions celebrating her prolific career in the 80s.

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November 18, 2020

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Today's Doodle celebrates Jamaican-British artist muse Fanny Eaton. Eaton modelled throughout the 1860s for a variety of notable English painters in work that helped redefine Victorian standards of beauty and diversity. On this day in 1874, it is recorded that Eaton sat for life classes at the Royal Academy of London, sessions which were integral to the Pre-Raphaelite movement.

Fanny Eaton was born Fanny Matilda Antwistle in Surrey, Jamaica on July 13, 1835. She moved with her mother to Britain during the 1840s, towards the beginning of the Victorian Era. In her 20s, she began modelling for portrait painters at the Royal Academy of London, and she soon captured the attention of a secret society of rising young artists called the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.

Eaton made her public debut in Simeon Solomon's painting The Mother of Moses, which was exhibited in 1860 at the Royal Academy. Over the following decade, she was featured by a variety of prominent Pre-Raphaelite artists such as Dante Gabriel Rossetti, John Everett Millais, and Rebecca Solomon. The group held Eaton up as a model of ideal beauty and featured her centrally at a time when Black individuals were significantly underrepresented, and often negatively represented, in Victorian art.

Eaton's modeling career lasted through much of the decade, and Millais' 1867 work Jephthah is believed to feature her last known appearance in a painting.

Thank you Fanny Eaton, for helping move artistic inclusion forward.

Today's Doodle art was created by Doodler Sophie Diao. Below, she shares some thoughts on the making of the Doodle:

Q: When did you first learn about Fanny Eaton?

Q: What was your creative approach for this Doodle? Why did you choose this approach?

Q: Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?

Q: What do you hope people will take away from this Doodle?
Early drafts of the Doodle below

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Today's Doodle celebrates Jamaican-British artist muse Fanny Eaton. Eaton modelled throughout the 1860s for a variety of notable English painters in work that helped redefine Victorian standards of beauty and diversity. On this day in 1874, it is recorded that Eaton sat for life classes at the Royal Academy of London, sessions which were integral to the Pre-Raphaelite movement.

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28 giugno 2021

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Today's Doodle, created by Kanien'kehá:ka (Mohawk) guest artist Star Horn, celebrates Mary Two-Axe Earley, a Kanien'kehá:ka (Mohawk) woman from Kahnawà:ke, Mohawk Territory, situated on the southern shore of the Saint Lawrence River across from Montreal. Two-Axe Earley fought for over two decades against sex discrimination in the Indian Act, which stripped First Nations women of their Indian status if they married non-Indian men. On this day in 1985-nearly two decades after Mary began her fight against sex discrimination in the Indian Act-the Parliament of Canada passed Bill C-31, an amendment to restore Indian status to women who had lost it through marriage.

Mary Two-Axe Earley was born on October 4, 1911 on the Kahnawà:ke Reserve. At 18, she moved to New York, where she married an Irish-American engineer. Under the provisions of Canada's Indian Act, her marriage to a non-Indigenous man meant the loss of her Indian status.The Indian Act of 1876 defines who is an "Indian" and who can belong to an "Indian band" (now referred to as First Nations). The federal government targeted First Nations women, stripping them of their Indian status (their recognition as an Indian) if they married a non-Indian man. These laws banned First Nations women and their children who lost their status from living in their communities, denying them access to critical social programs and voting rights in their community, and severing their ties to identity and culture. Thousands of First Nations women affected by this legislation are still waiting to be recognized by Canada.

In 1967, Two-Axe Earley founded the Equal Rights for Indian Women organization. For decades, she fought for First Nations women's rights through associations, impassioned speeches, and letter campaigns. Her perseverance, along with other First Nations women, paved the way for the 1985 repeal of Indian Act provisions, which restored Indian status to thousands of First Nations women. One week later, Two-Axe Earley became the first woman to have her Indian status reinstated. The Bill was effective April 17, 1985, but the movement for sex equality continues today.

In addition to an honorary doctorate and a position among the first members of the Order of Quebec, Two-Axe Earley received a National Aboriginal Achievement Award in 1996 for her lifetime devotion to human rights.

Thank you, Mary Two-Axe Earley, for your unyielding dedication to the rights of First Nations women and their children!

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Kanien'kehá:ka (Mohawk) guest artist Star Horn. Below, she shares her thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:
Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally? A. Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle? A. Q. Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle? A. I was also inspired by our traditional beadwork and art. I wanted to incorporate symbols and images that were meaningful and beautiful to us, to show everyone that we still hold this incredible ability to create our own visual language and that it is important to keep sharing that. All of Mother Earth, nature, and more is incorporated into our art and regalia. We still make and wear those symbols signifying the inextricable connectedness that everyone has with nature (there is no separating the Mind, Body & Spirit from it). There is such a resurgence of Indigenous design/fashion and art on the world stage right now, it's so incredible to see ourselves starting to be reflected in mainstream media, pop culture and beyond. And by reflected I mean that Indigenous artists are gaining that mainstream stage themselves. Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle? A. Early drafts of the Doodle below First and foremost, I want her name to be associated with the legal change she and her allies brought about for all Indigenous women across the country. Also, I want people to know how that affected non Indigenous women and rights as well. I also want them to see her as the smart, sweet, strong, Kanienkehaka matriarch that she was, and that she was from Kahnawake! I want the Kanienkehaka youth to learn about her, to take pride in her story, and to know that they too can make significant changes in the world, or their community, or even just for their own selves and family. There are so few images or videos of her anywhere, but Courtney Montour's documentary ("Mary Two-Axe Earley: I am Indian Again") was a great inspiration. She worked for over 4 years to gather together her story and bring her back to life on film which was amazing. I saw very old clips of her, sitting at her kitchen table talking, in a little house in Kahnawake, just like my very own tota (grandmother) would have been. It reminded me of how hard some of those women had to work, raising families, and holding so much responsibility. Initially I thought it was some sort of spam or joke and almost trashed the email (!) I'm not famous or anything, so I had doubts as to this being a real opportunity. Then later when everything was in full swing of creating it, I realized how public, how so many people would be viewing it. It became a mixture of fear and excitement. I think Mary is way past due having her name and story told. We both come from the same community. My personal experience was that her story was not taught in school nor anywhere else. For me to have such a small part in helping bring her impactful story to the world, in a visual way, is an honour.

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Today's Doodle, created by Kanien'kehá:ka (Mohawk) guest artist Star Horn, celebrates Mary Two-Axe Earley, a Kanien'kehá:ka (Mohawk) woman from Kahnawà:ke, Mohawk Territory, situated on the southern shore of the Saint Lawrence River across from Montreal. Two-Axe Earley fought for over two decades against sex discrimination in the Indian Act, which stripped First Nations women of their Indian status if they married non-Indian men.

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november 26, 2020

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November 10, 2020

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November 14, 2020

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In honor of Native American Heritage Month in the U.S., today's video Doodle-created in partnership with Native American guest artists Lydia Cheshewalla, Chris Pappan, and Yatika Starr Fields - celebrates Maria Tallchief, member of the Osage Nation who was America's first, major prima ballerina. Not only a trailblazer for Native American dancers, Tallchief is widely considered one of the country's most influential ballerinas of all time. On this day in 2007, a bronze sculpture of Tallchief and four other Native American ballerinas was unveiled in Oklahoma at the Tulsa Historical Society in a piece titled "The Five Moons" by artist Gary Henson.

Maria Tallchief was born Elizabeth Marie Tall Chief on January 24, 1925 in the town of Fairfax on the Osage Indian Reservation in northern Oklahoma. She began her ballet training at the age of three and continued to do so upon the family's relocation to Beverly Hills in 1933. Determined to become a dancer, she moved to New York after high school and joined the esteemed Russian troupe Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo that same year.

In 1944, Tallchief first worked with the now-legendary choreographer George Balanchine. Her virtuosic skill and electric energy proved a perfect match for Balanchine's demanding works. After she became the first American to dance with the Paris Opera Ballet, Tallchief returned to New York and joined the Ballet Society, which was co-founded by Balanchine and soon renamed the New York City Ballet. Her prodigious talent was recognized when she was named the company's first-ever prima ballerina.

Over the course of 18 years with the company, Tallchief starred in acclaimed productions such as "The Firebird" (1949), "Swan Lake" (1951), and "The Nutcracker" (1954)-all of which are depicted in today's Doodle. In her iconic role as the Sugar Plum Fairy, she helped elevate "The Nutcracker" from relative obscurity into one of ballet's most popular, long-running productions.

Following Tallchief's retirement from dancing in 1965, she went on to serve as the artistic director of the Chicago Lyric Opera Ballet and the founder and artistic director of the Chicago City Ballet.

For her enduring impact on American ballet, Tallchief was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1996, received the National Medal for the Arts in 1999, and was posthumously inducted into the National Native American Hall of Fame in 2018.

Here's to a groundbreaking artist who forever raised the bar of American ballet.

Special thanks to the family of Maria Tallchief for their partnership on this project. Below, Maria Tallchief's daughter, Elise Paschen, shares her thoughts on the Doodle, her mother's legacy, and her original poem "

My mother transformed the world of ballet as America's first Prima Ballerina. Thanks to her own mother's vision and determination, she and her sister Marjorie studied and excelled at ballet from an early age. The young girl from Fairfax, Oklahoma lit up the stages around the world with her brilliant artistry. My mother's discipline and genius allowed her to embody the American dream.

My mother took great pride in her Osage heritage. She received the highest honor in 1953 when she was named Princess of the Osage Nation and given the title Wa-Xthe-Thon-ba, Two Standards. She said her Grandma Tall Chief selected her name: "By choosing it she was saying that, while I was a ballerina with an important career on the stage, I was also her grandchild, an Osage woman and a daughter of the tribe."

My mother embraced every role in her life - prima ballerina, wife, mother, grandmother, aunt, friend, teacher, artistic director - with energy and love. Everyone in her orbit felt the intensity of her fierce commitment. She believed you needed to pursue your passion with a singleness of purpose or, as she would say, "with tunnel vision." She often quoted the author, Antoine de St. Exupery: "Perfection is finally attained, not when there is no longer anything to add, but when there is nothing more to take away."

I was a backstage baby, as my poem, "Swan Queen," suggests. Witnessing my mother's utter absorption and dramatic mastery on stage inspired my own dedication to writing poetry. Our family is immensely grateful to Google for honoring my remarkable mother today with her very own Google Doodle. May the legacy of Maria Tallchief live on and may she serve as an inspiration for each of you.

Pictured: Maria Tallchief during a performance of Swan Lake
Photo credit: Courtesy of School of American Ballet, New York City Ballet, The George Balanchine Trust, Elise Paschen. Photography by Walter E. Owen

Created backdrop for: The Nutcracker

Michaela Drapes, New York City Ballet

Rob Daniels, New York City Ballet

Kina Poon, New York City Ballet

Erin Hestvik, New York City Ballet

Amy Bordy, School of American Ballet
Credits
1.Quote by Maria Tallchief is an e xcerpt of Bruce Duffie's published interview with Maria Tallchief: "Conversation Piece: Prima Ballerina MARIA TALLCHIEF"

2. The Firebird, Swan Lake and The Nutcracker: "Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy", Choreography by George Balanchine © The George Balanchine Trust

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In honor of Native American Heritage Month in the U.S., today's video Doodle-created in partnership with Native American guest artists Lydia Cheshewalla, Chris Pappan, and Yatika Starr Fields - celebrates Maria Tallchief, member of the Osage Nation who was America's first, major prima ballerina.

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september 23, 2020

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Romy Schneider's 82nd Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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June 12, 2021

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Margherita Hack's 99th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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6 luglio 2021

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Ángela Peralta's 175th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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February 18,2021

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What we must do is commit ourselves to some future that can include each other and to work toward that future with the particular strengths of our individual identities."

In honor of U.S. Black History Month, today's Doodle-illustrated by Los Angeles-based guest artist Monica Ahanonu -celebrates internationally-acclaimed American poet, feminist, professor, and civil rights champion Audre Lorde, a key figure of the Black and LGBTQ+ cultural movements of 20th century. For Lorde, poetry was more than just a form of emotional expression, it was a way of life-providing the vehicle for her lifetime advocacy against discrimination and racial injustice.

Audre Geraldin Lorde was born the daughter of Caribbean immigrants on this day in 1934 in Harlem, New York City. Introverted as a child, she learned how to read and write from her neighborhood librarian Augusta Baker, who influenced her profoundly. Poetry soon became second nature for Lorde. When asked how she was, her response was often a poem she had memorized, and by eighth grade, she began to write her own verse.

A precocious student, she became the first Black student at Hunter High School, a public school for gifted girls. Her 1951 love poem " Spring " was rejected as unsuitable by the school's literary journal, but was printed by Seventeen magazine when she was just 15-making it her first published poem. Lorde went on to earn her Master's of Library Science from Columbia University in 1961, and continued to write poetry as a librarian and English teacher in New York public schools throughout the '60s.

Describing herself as a "Black, lesbian, mother, warrior, poet" Lorde emerged as an essential voice in the confrontation of homophobia and racism when she published her first collection of poems, " The First Cities " (1968). Throughout her career, Lorde published poetry that explored identity and sexuality, while demanding social and racial justice-not only in the United States, but also abroad.

Between 1984 and 1992, Lorde spent extensive time in West Germany teaching poetry at the Free University in Berlin and organizing the local feminist movement. While in Germany, Lorde led numerous lectures and workshops on feminism, homophobia, classism, and racism. She also connected and mentored Black German women, encouraging them to define and own their identities; Lorde's guidance was influential in sparking the Afro-German movement of the '80s.

Poetry wasn't the only literary medium that Lorde was fluent in; she also earned great acclaim for her prose. Her book " Sister Outsider" (1984) is a notable collection of her essays and speeches-including " Learning from the 60s " (excerpts of which are featured in today's Doodle artwork). In this speech and throughout her career, Lorde explored how the complexities of contemporary social justice activism lie at the intersections of our individual differences, which include gender, class, race, and sexuality. She noted that personal identity isn't shaped by a single factor, rather that it's the result of the myriad aspects of experience exclusive to each individual. Lorde felt that understanding this concept was the best way to make progress against oppression; understanding that the prejudices others face vary greatly from person to person, as they are unique to their own life's journey. Lorde is often regarded as one of the forefront voices of intersectionality and its role within the global feminist movement.

For her literary achievements, Audre Lorde was awarded the American Book Award in 1989. She was later honored as the poet laureate of New York State through the Walt Whitman Citation of Merit in 1991.

Happy birthday, Audre Lorde!
Special thanks to the family of Audre Lorde for their partnership on this project. Below Elizabeth Lorde-Rollins and Jonathan Rollins share their thoughts on the Doodle and their mother's legacy. Our mother Audre Lorde died in 1992 after a fourteen-year battle with metastatic breast cancer, but she would have loved the Google Doodle. She loved learning new things-and she would have been very honored to be featured. As mentioned above, she received her Master's degree in Library Science because she was very big on cataloging information in an orderly fashion so it could be located, even if centuries separated the knowledge from its seeker. How she would have enjoyed sitting down to a keyboard and having worlds of knowledge open at the typing of a few key words or phrases! Audre Lorde was a complicated and passionate woman. She was as passionate an educator as she was a fighter. It was very important to her that her work be useful-and she would be enormously gratified to know that her words are now used as a rallying cry of people fighting for justice all over the world. She also loved life: she loved to dance and to hunt for rocks. She loved candy bars. And she loved the people close to her, fiercely.
Photo credit: Courtesy of the Lorde-Rollins Family

Photo credit: Courtesy of the Lorde-Rollins Family

Lindsay Elgin, Colin Duffy

Jacob Howcroft, Collin Irwin

Marketing & Partnerships | Sierra Menzies, Perla Campos

Business Affairs & Partnerships | Madeline Belliveau

Elizabeth Lorde-Rollins

Jonathan Rollins

The Audre Lorde Project

1. Excerpts from Sister Outsider - Essays and Speeches; published by Penguin Random House USA and UK; © 1984, 2007 Audre Lorde

2. Audre Lorde, Sister Outsider

Übersetzt von Eva Bonné und Marion Kraft

© 2021 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG

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What we must do is commit ourselves to some future that can include each other and to work toward that future with the particular strengths of our individual identities." In honor of U.S.

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March 7, 2021

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February  23, 2021

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Today's Doodle-illustrated by American Indian guest artist of Osage, Kaw, Cheyenne River Sioux, and European heritage, Chris Pappan -celebrates the 145th birthday of writer, musician, teacher, composer, and suffragist Zitkala-Ša, a member of the Yankton Sioux Tribe of South Dakota (Ihanktonwan Dakota Oyate or "People of the End Village"). A woman who lived resiliently during a time when the Indigenous people of the United States were not considered real people by the American government, let alone citizens, Zitkala-Ša devoted her life to the protection and celebration of her Indigenous heritage through the arts and activism.

On this day in 1876, Zitkala-Ša (Lakota/Lakȟótiyapi for "Red Bird")-also known as Gertrude Simmons-was born on the Yankton Indian Reservation in South Dakota. At eight years old, she left the reservation to attend White's Indiana Manual Labor Institute, a missionary boarding school where her hair was cut against her will, she was forbidden to speak her Lakota/Lakȟótiyapi language, and she was forced to practice a religion she didn't believe in. This was a common experience for thousands of Indigenous children in the wake of the Civilization Fund Act of 1819, which provided funding for missionaries and religious groups to create a system of Indian boarding schools that would forcibly assimilate Indigenous children. While she took interest in some of the experiences in her new environment, such as learning the violin, she resisted the institutional efforts to assimilate her into European American culture-actions she protested through a lifetime of writing and political activism.

Returning back home to her reservation, Zitkala-Ša chronicled an anthology of oral Dakota stories published as " Old Indian Legends" in 1901. The book was among the first works to bring traditional Indigenous American stories to a wider audience. Zitkala-Ša was also a gifted musician. In 1913, she wrote the text and songs for the first Indigenous American opera, The Sun Dance, based on one of the most sacred Sioux ceremonies.

In addition to her creative achievements, Zitkala-Ša was a lifelong spokesperson for Indigenous and women's rights. As an activist, she co-founded and served as first president of the National Council of American Indians in 1926. Zitkala-Ša's work was instrumental in the passage of historic legislation, such as the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924-granting citizenship to Indigenous peoples born in the United States-as well as the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934.

Happy Birthday, Zitkala-Ša, and thank you for your efforts to protect and celebrate Indigenous culture for generations to come.

Today's Doodle was illustrated by American Indian guest artist of Osage, Kaw, Cheyenne River Sioux, and European heritage, Chris Pappan. Below, he shares his thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:
Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?
A. My Grandmother was Lakota, so it was an honor to be able to help bring more recognition to another strong Lakota woman.
Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle?
A. I was honored to bring recognition to our people and glad that Google is reaching out to Indigenous Native American artists for related content.
Q. Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?
A. All of the elements in the artwork relate to Zitkala-Ša's life in some way. Her Lakota name translates as "Red Bird," she wrote an opera relating to the Sun Dance, and she was an accomplished musician-all reflected within the Doodle. She also witnessed great upheaval and change throughout her life, as symbolized by the tipis. The lettering for "Google" is based on a beadwork design from one of her traditional dresses.
Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle?
A. I hope people realize that we can-and need to-speak for ourselves. The narrative of Native American history has been intentionally distorted for too long.

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Yuwi, Torres Strait Islander and South Sea Islander guest artist Dylan Mooney, celebrates revolutionary Aboriginal Australian activist Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi", who is widely regarded among the 20th-century's leading advocates for Aboriginal rights.

Pearl Mary Gibbs "Gambanyi" was born on this day in 1901 to an Aboriginal mother and a non-Aboriginal father in La Perouse, New South Wales. At 16, Gibbs moved with her family to Sydney, where she worked as a servant. It was here that she met Aboriginal girls stolen from their homes and forced into domestic work-injustices that sparked her lifetime devotion to the fight for Aboriginal rights.

In 1937, Gibbs helped form the Aborigines Progressive Association (APA), an all-Aboriginal activist alliance that campaigned for Aboriginal citizenship, suffrage, and an end to unjust governmental bodies. As APA secretary beginning in 1938, she exposed the inhumane conditions and exploitation of women and children at government-run Aboriginal reserves. A public speaker as charismatic as she was influential, Gibbs helped organize the Day of Mourning protest that same year. Widely credited as the catalyst of the contemporary Aboriginal political movement, this demonstration was the first to bring the plight of Indigenous Australians to national attention.

Gibbs never faltered in her efforts for Indigenous justice over the decades that followed, a struggle that culminated in 1954 when the New South Wales Aborigines Welfare Board appointed her as its first-and only-female member. She also helped organize the Aboriginal-Australian Fellowship (AAF) in 1956. With Gibbs at the helm, the AAF petitioned for a change in the Australian constitution, which paved the way for the 1967 referendum that granted Indigenous Australians suffrage and citizenship.

Today's Doodle artwork depicts Gibbs' life, legacy, and dedication to improving the lives of Aboriginal Australians-symbolized, for instance, by the Flannel Flowers on her dress, an icon she adopted to represent resilience.

Happy Birthday, Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi," and thank you for your lifetime devotion to building a more equitable world.

Thank you to Wiradjuri and Gamilaroi artist, Lynette Riley, for contributing to this Doodle artwork. The concentric circles along the bottom of the artwork is a design by Lynette Riley representing Pearl Gibbs' family tree and the history of her family.

Special thanks to the family of Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi" for their partnership on this project. Below her granddaughter, Anny, shares her thoughts on her grandmother's legacy: Pearl Gibbs was stridently outspoken, never shy at stepping up and certainly no shrinking violet when it came to shouting from the rooftops about the social injustices experienced by her beloved black brothers and sisters. Historian Heather Goodall once described her as "charming, persuasive and abrasive". It seems there was no shortage of information about Gibbs for people to write about; however she kept her personal life secret. Even though she was a passionate speaker there was one thing people in her professional and personal circles had never heard from her lips-as a single parent, around the age of 30, her three young children under ten were removed by her estranged husband. No reason, no explanation, no redress. It's not hard to imagine her grief, her sense of loss and the daily impact of a lifetime of being isolated from her family. Not once did she share the heartbreak of losing her children or her ten grandchildren while she was still alive. Not once did she put herself out as being more important than her messages about the mistreatment of young Aboriginal women, their families and their communities. We family members have long suspected her personal losses fuelled her passionate life long fight for Aboriginal people's rights for past, present and future generations.
We are thankful Google has chosen to showcase our nana so she can be more widely recognised, acknowledged and honoured. As a First Nation social rights and justice activist, Pearl Gibbs was the first at many things for a woman of her time. We reckon our nana would probably have not wanted the focus on her as a person, but rather on her achievements. There is a first time for everything.

Pictured: Helen Druett (granddaughter), Simone Cambey (great-granddaughter) and Anny Druett (granddaughter)
Photo Credit: Courtesy of the family of Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi"

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Yuwi, Torres Strait and South Sea Islander guest artist Dylan Mooney. Below, he shares his thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:

Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?
A. Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle? A. Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle? A. My hope is that people reflect on our history within Australia and know our past and what Aunty Pearl Gibbs has done for this nation. I also hope that Indigenous women are celebrated for what they do for our community, in whatever that may be. Indigenous women are our heroes. I couldn't believe it, being approached by a big company such as Google you know it was a bit overwhelming. But I'm so proud to have worked with Google and Aunty Pearl Gibbs' family to bring this work to life. This topic was important to me not only because of the work Aunty Pearl Gibbs has done for Aboriginal people, but also her work with women and children. She created change for our people to keep thriving.

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Yuwi, Torres Strait Islander and South Sea Islander guest artist Dylan Mooney, celebrates revolutionary Aboriginal Australian activist Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi", who is widely regarded among the 20th-century's leading advocates for Aboriginal rights. Pearl Mary Gibbs "Gambanyi" was born on this day in 1901 to an Aboriginal mother and a non-Aboriginal father in La Perouse, New South Wales.

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september 23, 2020

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Romy Schneider's 82nd Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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Aimé Painé's 78th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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March 16, 2021

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Happy 161st birthday to German-Jewish educator, feminist, and activist Sidonie Werner. Today's Doodle, illustrated by Berlin-based guest artist Lihie Jacob, honors her life and legacy as a champion for women's rights and youth social programs.

Sidonie Werner was born in Poznań, Poland, on this day in 1860. After completing a women's teacher seminar and attending lessons at a Jewish elementary school, she entered the Hamburg school system, where she remained a teacher until she retired.

In 1893, Werner's public work as a gender rights activist began in earnest when she co-founded the Israelite-Humanitarian Women's Association (IHWA). She also co-founded the Jewish Women's Association in 1904, an organization she later led as chairwoman. In 1908, she became the leader of the IHWA, where she successfully instituted programs for women and children, such as providing professional training for women to make a living outside of domestic work.

Throughout the early 1910s, Werner strengthened her efforts by serving leadership roles in a number of other organizations including the City Federation of Hamburg Women's Association, the Central Welfare Office of German Jews, and the Hamburg Jewish School Association, where she served as the only woman on the board. In 1929, Werner assembled the World Conference of Jewish Women in Hamburg, which united 200 representatives from 14 countries and increased international solidarity among Jewish women.

Happy birthday, Sidonie Werner!

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Berlin-based guest artist Lihie Jacob. Below, she shares her thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:
Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?
A. This was a fantastic journey for me. I read anything I could find about Sidonie, and the more I delved into her life's work, the more I understood just how much impact she had on my own communities. My family moved to Frankfurt a.M. from Israel when I was young. I soon learned a major part of the "Jüdischer Frauenbund"-which Sidonie helped found-operated right in the neighborhood I grew up in. As a Jewish woman and a feminist, I am really thankful to Sidonie and the pioneering women who set in motion so many important political changes and philantropic foundations.
Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle?
A. I knew I needed to do extensive visual research and understand the nuances of class, fashion, Jewish attire etc. in the years in which Sidonie lived. I wanted to convey both her character as well as the breadth of activism in which she was involved. I hope I did her justice in this humble way.
Q. Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?
A. I decided to adopt the linked arm stance, often seen in marches and demonstrations, as a way to show the solidarity and determination that Sidonie radiated.
Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle?
A. I hope they are inspired to read about Sidonie's life and remember that what she started needs to be continued. It's a great way to honor her and the principles she stood for.

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Happy 161st birthday to German-Jewish educator, feminist, and activist Sidonie Werner. Today's Doodle, illustrated by Berlin-based guest artist Lihie Jacob, honors her life and legacy as a champion for women's rights and youth social programs. Sidonie Werner was born in Poznań, Poland, on this day in 1860.

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June 5, 2021

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Alifa Rifaat's 91st birthday #GoogleDoodle

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Bengaluru, India-based guest artist Oddrija, celebrates the 160th birthday of Indian doctor Kadambini Ganguly-the first woman to be trained as a physician in India.

On this day in 1861, Kadambini Ganguly (née Bose) was born in Bhagalpur British India, now Bangladesh. Her father, a co-founder of India's first women's rights organization, enrolled Ganguly in school during an era when education was uncommon for Indian women. She took the reins on the opportunity, and in 1883, Kadambini Ganguly and her peer Chandramukhi BasuIn became the first women to graduate college in Indian history.

Soon after graduating, Ganguly married professor and activist Dwarkanath Ganguly, who encouraged her to pursue a degree in medicine. She persisted-despite numerous initial rejections-until she was eventually admitted to the Calcutta Medical College. She graduated in 1886, making history once again as the first woman to become an Indian-educated doctor. Ganguly had no intention of slowing her groundbreaking momentum. After working and studying in the United Kingdom, she earned three additional doctoral certifications with a specialization in gynecology and returned to India in the 1890s to open her own private practice.

Ganguly sought to uplift other women in India through both medical service and activism in India's women's rights movement. Among many other campaigns, Ganguly joined six others to form the first all-women delegation of the 1889 Indian National Congress.

The 2020 " Prothoma Kadambini " biographical television series based on Ganguly's life reinvigorated her legacy by telling her inspirational story to a new generation.

Happy birthday, Kadambini Ganguly!

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Bengaluru, India-based guest artist Oddrija. Below, she shares her thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:

Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally? A. Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle? A. Q. Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle? A. Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle? A. My message would be to treat healthcare workers (be it doctors, nurses or even people who clean up after you) and frontier workers with a bit more respect on a daily basis, since 2020 has shown us how fragile human life can be. Since there is only one photograph of Ganguly available in online archives, I did some reading about her life and times. Fortunately, there is an impressive online archive of architecture from her times which helped in creating the tone for the Doodle. For the portrait, the only black and white picture was the savior! Simply put, I get to do a Google Doodle about a personality who is from my own home town, spoke my mother tongue and created big change back in her day. It was a proud moment for a Bengali! In the year of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen how medical infrastructure and doctors have been hailed as sheroes and heroes for becoming the saviors the world needs. Looking back in time, Kadambini Ganguly was a frontrunner in her contribution to medical infrastructure in India with her indomitable spirit and inquisitiveness that landed her a triple diploma in her studies in Western Medicine. In the same spirit, working on this Doodle was a super proud moment for me-getting to represent a young, spirited woman from pre-independence Bangladesh because my own familial roots are also in Bangladesh. Alongside the same, I got to represent some aspect of my own home town which is Calcutta (Ganguly studied in Calcutta Medical College and worked for a long time in many hospitals across Calcutta).

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Bengaluru, India-based guest artist Oddrija, celebrates the 160th birthday of Indian doctor Kadambini Ganguly-the first woman to be trained as a physician in India. On this day in 1861, Kadambini Ganguly (née Bose) was born in Bhagalpur British India, now Bangladesh.

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Sarla Thukral's 107th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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August 5, 2021

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Soraya Jiménez's 44th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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July 1, 2021

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Sariamin Ismail's 112th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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Aurélia de Souza's 155th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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January 14. 2021

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Today's Doodle-illustrated by American Indian guest artist of Osage, Kaw, Cheyenne River Sioux, and European heritage, Chris Pappan -celebrates the 145th birthday of writer, musician, teacher, composer, and suffragist Zitkala-Ša, a member of the Yankton Sioux Tribe of South Dakota (Ihanktonwan Dakota Oyate or "People of the End Village"). A woman who lived resiliently during a time when the Indigenous people of the United States were not considered real people by the American government, let alone citizens, Zitkala-Ša devoted her life to the protection and celebration of her Indigenous heritage through the arts and activism.

On this day in 1876, Zitkala-Ša (Lakota/Lakȟótiyapi for "Red Bird")-also known as Gertrude Simmons-was born on the Yankton Indian Reservation in South Dakota. At eight years old, she left the reservation to attend White's Indiana Manual Labor Institute, a missionary boarding school where her hair was cut against her will, she was forbidden to speak her Lakota/Lakȟótiyapi language, and she was forced to practice a religion she didn't believe in. This was a common experience for thousands of Indigenous children in the wake of the Civilization Fund Act of 1819, which provided funding for missionaries and religious groups to create a system of Indian boarding schools that would forcibly assimilate Indigenous children. While she took interest in some of the experiences in her new environment, such as learning the violin, she resisted the institutional efforts to assimilate her into European American culture-actions she protested through a lifetime of writing and political activism.

Returning back home to her reservation, Zitkala-Ša chronicled an anthology of oral Dakota stories published as " Old Indian Legends" in 1901. The book was among the first works to bring traditional Indigenous American stories to a wider audience. Zitkala-Ša was also a gifted musician. In 1913, she wrote the text and songs for the first Indigenous American opera, The Sun Dance, based on one of the most sacred Sioux ceremonies.

In addition to her creative achievements, Zitkala-Ša was a lifelong spokesperson for Indigenous and women's rights. As an activist, she co-founded and served as first president of the National Council of American Indians in 1926. Zitkala-Ša's work was instrumental in the passage of historic legislation, such as the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924-granting citizenship to Indigenous peoples born in the United States-as well as the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934.

Happy Birthday, Zitkala-Ša, and thank you for your efforts to protect and celebrate Indigenous culture for generations to come.

Today's Doodle was illustrated by American Indian guest artist of Osage, Kaw, Cheyenne River Sioux, and European heritage, Chris Pappan. Below, he shares his thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:
Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?
A. My Grandmother was Lakota, so it was an honor to be able to help bring more recognition to another strong Lakota woman.
Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle?
A. I was honored to bring recognition to our people and glad that Google is reaching out to Indigenous Native American artists for related content.
Q. Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?
A. All of the elements in the artwork relate to Zitkala-Ša's life in some way. Her Lakota name translates as "Red Bird," she wrote an opera relating to the Sun Dance, and she was an accomplished musician-all reflected within the Doodle. She also witnessed great upheaval and change throughout her life, as symbolized by the tipis. The lettering for "Google" is based on a beadwork design from one of her traditional dresses.
Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle?
A. I hope people realize that we can-and need to-speak for ourselves. The narrative of Native American history has been intentionally distorted for too long.

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September 16, 2020

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Hamburg-based guest artist Ramona Ring , celebrates the German-Jewish poet Mascha Kaléko, whose incisive poems and chansons earned her notable acclaim among the literary avant-garde in 1930s Berlin. On this day in 1974, Kaléko held her final reading in Berlin's America Memorial Library.

Mascha Kaléko was born Golda Malka Aufen in 1907 in Schidlow, Galicia, in what is today southern Poland. With the outbreak of World War I, she and her family fled the country for Germany and eventually made a new home in Berlin in 1918.

As a teenager, she began to write poetry, and within several years, she achieved a level of celebrity as newspapers began publishing her work throughout the capital. In Kaléko's poem " Das Bißchen Ruhm " ("A Little Bit of Glory," 2003) she metaphorically wrote of her fame as plants that must be maintained with daily care, a concept reflected in the illustration of today's Doodle.

By the early 1930s, Kaléko was an established figure among Berlin's literary avant-garde. She could often be found deep in conversation at the Romanische Café, the iconic bohemian hub frequented by notable contemporaries like Else Lasker-Schüler and Erich Kästner.

In 1933, she published her first book, " Das Lyrische Stenogrammheft " ("The Lyrical Shorthand Pad"), followed two years later by " " ("The Little Reader for Grown-Ups"). Kaléko's work wittily captured the essence of daily urban life during the twilight of the Weimar Republic and through satirical verses explored weighty themes like social injustice and exile. Kleine Lesebuch für Große

After nearly two decades spent in the United States, Kaléko settled in Israel and continued to write poetry for the rest of her life.

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Hamburg-based guest artist . Below, she shares her thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:

Q: Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?

When I first started reading Mascha's poems, I was struck by the tender language she found for difficult feelings that come with being lost and without roots, which I can relate to easily.

Q: What were your first thoughts when you were approached about the project?

I felt excited; I love reading poetry, especially by women. I was happy to dive into the often dark, sometimes bittersweet world Mascha created. Also I found it to be a delightful coincidence that Mascha and I share the same birthday.

Q: Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?

I read many of her poems, and what I found compelling amongst other things was her metaphor for fame in "Das Bißchen Ruhm": flowers in a greenhouse that you have to keep watering and tending. I also liked how she talked about leaning against rain clouds in "Die frühen Jahre": the clouds were a metaphor for the hardship she had to endure already as a young child. Those are the elements I drew from her poetry that inspired the Doodle artwork.

Q: What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle?

That it is possible to overcome very difficult circumstances and grow resilient in the face of despair. I think expressing yourself through art is one of the most healing things you can engage in.

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Hamburg-based guest artist Ramona Ring , celebrates the German-Jewish poet Mascha Kaléko, whose incisive poems and chansons earned her notable acclaim among the literary avant-garde in 1930s Berlin. On this day in 1974, Kaléko held her final reading in Berlin's America Memorial Library.

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Bengaluru, India-based guest artist Oddrija, celebrates the 160th birthday of Indian doctor Kadambini Ganguly-the first woman to be trained as a physician in India.

On this day in 1861, Kadambini Ganguly (née Bose) was born in Bhagalpur British India, now Bangladesh. Her father, a co-founder of India's first women's rights organization, enrolled Ganguly in school during an era when education was uncommon for Indian women. She took the reins on the opportunity, and in 1883, Kadambini Ganguly and her peer Chandramukhi BasuIn became the first women to graduate college in Indian history.

Soon after graduating, Ganguly married professor and activist Dwarkanath Ganguly, who encouraged her to pursue a degree in medicine. She persisted-despite numerous initial rejections-until she was eventually admitted to the Calcutta Medical College. She graduated in 1886, making history once again as the first woman to become an Indian-educated doctor. Ganguly had no intention of slowing her groundbreaking momentum. After working and studying in the United Kingdom, she earned three additional doctoral certifications with a specialization in gynecology and returned to India in the 1890s to open her own private practice.

Ganguly sought to uplift other women in India through both medical service and activism in India's women's rights movement. Among many other campaigns, Ganguly joined six others to form the first all-women delegation of the 1889 Indian National Congress.

The 2020 " Prothoma Kadambini " biographical television series based on Ganguly's life reinvigorated her legacy by telling her inspirational story to a new generation.

Happy birthday, Kadambini Ganguly!

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Bengaluru, India-based guest artist Oddrija. Below, she shares her thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:

Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally? A. Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle? A. Q. Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle? A. Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle? A. My message would be to treat healthcare workers (be it doctors, nurses or even people who clean up after you) and frontier workers with a bit more respect on a daily basis, since 2020 has shown us how fragile human life can be. Since there is only one photograph of Ganguly available in online archives, I did some reading about her life and times. Fortunately, there is an impressive online archive of architecture from her times which helped in creating the tone for the Doodle. For the portrait, the only black and white picture was the savior! Simply put, I get to do a Google Doodle about a personality who is from my own home town, spoke my mother tongue and created big change back in her day. It was a proud moment for a Bengali! In the year of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen how medical infrastructure and doctors have been hailed as sheroes and heroes for becoming the saviors the world needs. Looking back in time, Kadambini Ganguly was a frontrunner in her contribution to medical infrastructure in India with her indomitable spirit and inquisitiveness that landed her a triple diploma in her studies in Western Medicine. In the same spirit, working on this Doodle was a super proud moment for me-getting to represent a young, spirited woman from pre-independence Bangladesh because my own familial roots are also in Bangladesh. Alongside the same, I got to represent some aspect of my own home town which is Calcutta (Ganguly studied in Calcutta Medical College and worked for a long time in many hospitals across Calcutta).

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Bengaluru, India-based guest artist Oddrija, celebrates the 160th birthday of Indian doctor Kadambini Ganguly-the first woman to be trained as a physician in India. On this day in 1861, Kadambini Ganguly (née Bose) was born in Bhagalpur British India, now Bangladesh.

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Elizeth Cardoso's 101st Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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Petrona Eyle's 155th Birthday #GoogleDoodle

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April 19, 2021

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Vera Gedroits' 151st Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Yuwi, Torres Strait Islander and South Sea Islander guest artist Dylan Mooney, celebrates revolutionary Aboriginal Australian activist Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi", who is widely regarded among the 20th-century's leading advocates for Aboriginal rights.

Pearl Mary Gibbs "Gambanyi" was born on this day in 1901 to an Aboriginal mother and a non-Aboriginal father in La Perouse, New South Wales. At 16, Gibbs moved with her family to Sydney, where she worked as a servant. It was here that she met Aboriginal girls stolen from their homes and forced into domestic work-injustices that sparked her lifetime devotion to the fight for Aboriginal rights.

In 1937, Gibbs helped form the Aborigines Progressive Association (APA), an all-Aboriginal activist alliance that campaigned for Aboriginal citizenship, suffrage, and an end to unjust governmental bodies. As APA secretary beginning in 1938, she exposed the inhumane conditions and exploitation of women and children at government-run Aboriginal reserves. A public speaker as charismatic as she was influential, Gibbs helped organize the Day of Mourning protest that same year. Widely credited as the catalyst of the contemporary Aboriginal political movement, this demonstration was the first to bring the plight of Indigenous Australians to national attention.

Gibbs never faltered in her efforts for Indigenous justice over the decades that followed, a struggle that culminated in 1954 when the New South Wales Aborigines Welfare Board appointed her as its first-and only-female member. She also helped organize the Aboriginal-Australian Fellowship (AAF) in 1956. With Gibbs at the helm, the AAF petitioned for a change in the Australian constitution, which paved the way for the 1967 referendum that granted Indigenous Australians suffrage and citizenship.

Today's Doodle artwork depicts Gibbs' life, legacy, and dedication to improving the lives of Aboriginal Australians-symbolized, for instance, by the Flannel Flowers on her dress, an icon she adopted to represent resilience.

Happy Birthday, Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi," and thank you for your lifetime devotion to building a more equitable world.

Thank you to Wiradjuri and Gamilaroi artist, Lynette Riley, for contributing to this Doodle artwork. The concentric circles along the bottom of the artwork is a design by Lynette Riley representing Pearl Gibbs' family tree and the history of her family.

Special thanks to the family of Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi" for their partnership on this project. Below her granddaughter, Anny, shares her thoughts on her grandmother's legacy: Pearl Gibbs was stridently outspoken, never shy at stepping up and certainly no shrinking violet when it came to shouting from the rooftops about the social injustices experienced by her beloved black brothers and sisters. Historian Heather Goodall once described her as "charming, persuasive and abrasive". It seems there was no shortage of information about Gibbs for people to write about; however she kept her personal life secret. Even though she was a passionate speaker there was one thing people in her professional and personal circles had never heard from her lips-as a single parent, around the age of 30, her three young children under ten were removed by her estranged husband. No reason, no explanation, no redress. It's not hard to imagine her grief, her sense of loss and the daily impact of a lifetime of being isolated from her family. Not once did she share the heartbreak of losing her children or her ten grandchildren while she was still alive. Not once did she put herself out as being more important than her messages about the mistreatment of young Aboriginal women, their families and their communities. We family members have long suspected her personal losses fuelled her passionate life long fight for Aboriginal people's rights for past, present and future generations.
We are thankful Google has chosen to showcase our nana so she can be more widely recognised, acknowledged and honoured. As a First Nation social rights and justice activist, Pearl Gibbs was the first at many things for a woman of her time. We reckon our nana would probably have not wanted the focus on her as a person, but rather on her achievements. There is a first time for everything.

Pictured: Helen Druett (granddaughter), Simone Cambey (great-granddaughter) and Anny Druett (granddaughter)
Photo Credit: Courtesy of the family of Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi"

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Yuwi, Torres Strait and South Sea Islander guest artist Dylan Mooney. Below, he shares his thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:

Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?
A. Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle? A. Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle? A. My hope is that people reflect on our history within Australia and know our past and what Aunty Pearl Gibbs has done for this nation. I also hope that Indigenous women are celebrated for what they do for our community, in whatever that may be. Indigenous women are our heroes. I couldn't believe it, being approached by a big company such as Google you know it was a bit overwhelming. But I'm so proud to have worked with Google and Aunty Pearl Gibbs' family to bring this work to life. This topic was important to me not only because of the work Aunty Pearl Gibbs has done for Aboriginal people, but also her work with women and children. She created change for our people to keep thriving.

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Yuwi, Torres Strait Islander and South Sea Islander guest artist Dylan Mooney, celebrates revolutionary Aboriginal Australian activist Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi", who is widely regarded among the 20th-century's leading advocates for Aboriginal rights. Pearl Mary Gibbs "Gambanyi" was born on this day in 1901 to an Aboriginal mother and a non-Aboriginal father in La Perouse, New South Wales.

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by New Zealand-based guest artist Prabha Mallya, celebrates the 117th birthday of Indian activist and author Subhadra Kumari Chauhan, a trailblazing writer and freedom fighter whose work rose to national prominence during a male-dominated era of literature. Her evocative nationalist poem "Jhansi ki Rani" is widely regarded as one of the most recited poems in Hindi literature.

On this day in 1904, Subhadra Kumari Chauhan was born in the Indian village of Nihalpur. She was known to write constantly, even in the horse cart on the way to school, and her first poem was published at just nine years old. The call for Indian independence reached its height during her early adulthood. As a participant in the Indian Nationalist Movement, she used her poetry to call others to fight for their nation's sovereignty.

Chauhan's poetry and prose primarily centered around the hardships that Indian women overcame, such as gender and caste discrimination. Her poetry remained uniquely underscored by her resolute nationalism. In 1923, Chauhan's unyielding activism led her to become the first woman satyagrahi, a member of the Indian collective of nonviolent anti-colonialists to be arrested in the struggle for national liberation. She continued to make revolutionary statements in the fight for freedom both on and off the page into the 1940s, publishing a total of 88 poems and 46 short stories.

Today, Chauhan's poetry remains a staple in many Indian classrooms as a symbol of historical progress, encouraging future generations to stand up against social injustice and celebrate the words that shaped a nation's history.

Happy birthday, Subhadra Kumari Chauhan!

Today's Doodle was illustrated by New Zealand-based guest artist Prabha Mallya. Below, she shares her thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:

Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?

A. Subhadra Kumari is such an inspiring figure. She shows how the power of creativity, insightful words, determination and humour can overcome great challenges. I admire her courage and strength that manifested not just in her powerful poems, but also in her way of life-she was a woman well ahead of her time.

Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle?

A. Excitement about drawing this amazing, historical figure and learning more about her life and work in the process.

Q. Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?

A. The Rani of Jhansi seems to be such a kindred spirit to Subhadra :) Also, many of her other poems, including "Khilonewala" and "Balika ka Parichay."

Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle?

A. Courage to follow your dreams :)

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Subhadra Kumari Chauhan's 117th Birthday

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by New Zealand-based guest artist Prabha Mallya, celebrates the 117th birthday of Indian activist and author Subhadra Kumari Chauhan, a trailblazing writer and freedom fighter whose work rose to national prominence during a male-dominated era of literature. Her evocative nationalist poem "Jhansi ki Rani" is widely regarded as one of the most recited poems in Hindi literature.

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Laura Secord's 239th Birthday #GoogleDoodle

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Mary Leakey's 100th Birthday #GoogleDoodle

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by New Zealand-based guest artist Prabha Mallya, celebrates the 117th birthday of Indian activist and author Subhadra Kumari Chauhan, a trailblazing writer and freedom fighter whose work rose to national prominence during a male-dominated era of literature. Her evocative nationalist poem "Jhansi ki Rani" is widely regarded as one of the most recited poems in Hindi literature.

On this day in 1904, Subhadra Kumari Chauhan was born in the Indian village of Nihalpur. She was known to write constantly, even in the horse cart on the way to school, and her first poem was published at just nine years old. The call for Indian independence reached its height during her early adulthood. As a participant in the Indian Nationalist Movement, she used her poetry to call others to fight for their nation's sovereignty.

Chauhan's poetry and prose primarily centered around the hardships that Indian women overcame, such as gender and caste discrimination. Her poetry remained uniquely underscored by her resolute nationalism. In 1923, Chauhan's unyielding activism led her to become the first woman satyagrahi, a member of the Indian collective of nonviolent anti-colonialists to be arrested in the struggle for national liberation. She continued to make revolutionary statements in the fight for freedom both on and off the page into the 1940s, publishing a total of 88 poems and 46 short stories.

Today, Chauhan's poetry remains a staple in many Indian classrooms as a symbol of historical progress, encouraging future generations to stand up against social injustice and celebrate the words that shaped a nation's history.

Happy birthday, Subhadra Kumari Chauhan!

Today's Doodle was illustrated by New Zealand-based guest artist Prabha Mallya. Below, she shares her thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:

Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?

A. Subhadra Kumari is such an inspiring figure. She shows how the power of creativity, insightful words, determination and humour can overcome great challenges. I admire her courage and strength that manifested not just in her powerful poems, but also in her way of life-she was a woman well ahead of her time.

Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle?

A. Excitement about drawing this amazing, historical figure and learning more about her life and work in the process.

Q. Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle?

A. The Rani of Jhansi seems to be such a kindred spirit to Subhadra :) Also, many of her other poems, including "Khilonewala" and "Balika ka Parichay."

Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle?

A. Courage to follow your dreams :)

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Subhadra Kumari Chauhan's 117th Birthday

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by New Zealand-based guest artist Prabha Mallya, celebrates the 117th birthday of Indian activist and author Subhadra Kumari Chauhan, a trailblazing writer and freedom fighter whose work rose to national prominence during a male-dominated era of literature. Her evocative nationalist poem "Jhansi ki Rani" is widely regarded as one of the most recited poems in Hindi literature.

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"Literature is actually nutritious food for humans' souls and minds. It is the basic foundation of humanity, a reflection of society, reality, knowledge, and wisdom," said Indonesian novelist NH Dini, whose life and work are celebrated in today's Doodle, illustrated by Jakarta-guest artist Kathrin Honesta.

Born in Semarang, Indonesia, on this day in 1936, Nurhayati Sri Hardinia Siti Nukatin (known by her pen name NH Dini) grew up listening to her mother read stories from local magazines and went on to become a prolific author. Resisting the traditional role of women established by Javanese patriarchy, much of Dini's work focused on gender issues and her belief that "a woman, wherever she lives, deserves to be treated equally and respectfully."

In the 1950s, while Dini was working as a flight attendant for an Indonesian airline, she met her husband, a French consul to Japan. Throughout their marriage, the two moved around the globe and lived in Cambodia, Japan, France, the Philippines, and the U.S.

Inspired by her international travels and relentless pursuit for women's rights, Dini devoted her life to writing and published dozens of novels, short stories, and poems over her 60-year career. Through works such as "Pada Sebuah Kapal" ("On a Ship," 1985), and "Namaku Hiroko" ("My Name Is Hiroko," 1986), Dini's fiction continues to empower women today.

Here's to a writer whose words live on in the hearts and minds of readers around the world.

Guest Artist Q&A with Kathrin Honesta

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Jakarta-based guest artist Kathrin Honesta. Below, she shares her thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:
Q: Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?
A: N.H.Dini's work was so advanced in the years that they were published. They represented the total opposite sides of women that are not often reflected in public, especially in the early days of Indonesian custom, where most women are shown to be meek & submissive. I really admired her boldness, and I think she is super cool!
Q: What were your first thoughts when you were approached about the project? A: Q: Did you draw inspiration from anything in particular for this Doodle? A: Q: What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle? A: I am just very honored to help commemorate N.H.Dini in this Doodle. I feel that not many youngsters recognized her contributions to Indonesia's literary scene. I hope that with her being highlighted in this Google Doodle, even more people (especially younger readers) could start to pick her books up & learn more about her. I was heavily inspired by the connection between N.H. Dini, her books, the stories she wrote, and the iconic book covers where I draw my color palette from. For this Doodle particularly, I based the Doodle from her classics such as 'Pada Sebuah Kapal' ('On A Ship'). This book is often mentioned as one of her best works. The story is about a woman named Sri, who lives an unhappy marriage, and falls in love with a captain of a ship. There are theories that explain that Sri is actually N.H. Dini herself. "Sri" is her real middle name, and the details of the story are so similar to her true life. So for this Doodle, I illustrated N.H sitting beside a porthole, as if she was in a ship, writing her memoir. When I did more research about N.H. Dini, I was fascinated by her accomplishments & her work. Not only are the main characters in her books are some really strong and independent women, but I also learned that her books are more like memoirs than fiction. They are all heavily inspired by events in her real life stories. They are so personal. It's like giving everybody access to look in your diary.
Early concepts and drafts of the Doodle

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"Literature is actually nutritious food for humans' souls and minds. It is the basic foundation of humanity, a reflection of society, reality, knowledge, and wisdom," said Indonesian novelist NH Dini, whose life and work are celebrated in today's Doodle, illustrated by Jakarta-guest artist Kathrin Honesta.

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Mina Wylie's 130th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle

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September 1, 2020

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Today's slideshow Doodle, illustrated by Philadelphia-based guest artist , celebrates American cartoonist and activist Jackie Ormes. Ormes was known for her satirical and stylish cartoons and comic strips that challenged the derogatory portrayals of Black female characters prevalent in the media.

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Yuwi, Torres Strait Islander and South Sea Islander guest artist Dylan Mooney, celebrates revolutionary Aboriginal Australian activist Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi", who is widely regarded among the 20th-century's leading advocates for Aboriginal rights.

Pearl Mary Gibbs "Gambanyi" was born on this day in 1901 to an Aboriginal mother and a non-Aboriginal father in La Perouse, New South Wales. At 16, Gibbs moved with her family to Sydney, where she worked as a servant. It was here that she met Aboriginal girls stolen from their homes and forced into domestic work-injustices that sparked her lifetime devotion to the fight for Aboriginal rights.

In 1937, Gibbs helped form the Aborigines Progressive Association (APA), an all-Aboriginal activist alliance that campaigned for Aboriginal citizenship, suffrage, and an end to unjust governmental bodies. As APA secretary beginning in 1938, she exposed the inhumane conditions and exploitation of women and children at government-run Aboriginal reserves. A public speaker as charismatic as she was influential, Gibbs helped organize the Day of Mourning protest that same year. Widely credited as the catalyst of the contemporary Aboriginal political movement, this demonstration was the first to bring the plight of Indigenous Australians to national attention.

Gibbs never faltered in her efforts for Indigenous justice over the decades that followed, a struggle that culminated in 1954 when the New South Wales Aborigines Welfare Board appointed her as its first-and only-female member. She also helped organize the Aboriginal-Australian Fellowship (AAF) in 1956. With Gibbs at the helm, the AAF petitioned for a change in the Australian constitution, which paved the way for the 1967 referendum that granted Indigenous Australians suffrage and citizenship.

Today's Doodle artwork depicts Gibbs' life, legacy, and dedication to improving the lives of Aboriginal Australians-symbolized, for instance, by the Flannel Flowers on her dress, an icon she adopted to represent resilience.

Happy Birthday, Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi," and thank you for your lifetime devotion to building a more equitable world.

Thank you to Wiradjuri and Gamilaroi artist, Lynette Riley, for contributing to this Doodle artwork. The concentric circles along the bottom of the artwork is a design by Lynette Riley representing Pearl Gibbs' family tree and the history of her family.

Special thanks to the family of Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi" for their partnership on this project. Below her granddaughter, Anny, shares her thoughts on her grandmother's legacy: Pearl Gibbs was stridently outspoken, never shy at stepping up and certainly no shrinking violet when it came to shouting from the rooftops about the social injustices experienced by her beloved black brothers and sisters. Historian Heather Goodall once described her as "charming, persuasive and abrasive". It seems there was no shortage of information about Gibbs for people to write about; however she kept her personal life secret. Even though she was a passionate speaker there was one thing people in her professional and personal circles had never heard from her lips-as a single parent, around the age of 30, her three young children under ten were removed by her estranged husband. No reason, no explanation, no redress. It's not hard to imagine her grief, her sense of loss and the daily impact of a lifetime of being isolated from her family. Not once did she share the heartbreak of losing her children or her ten grandchildren while she was still alive. Not once did she put herself out as being more important than her messages about the mistreatment of young Aboriginal women, their families and their communities. We family members have long suspected her personal losses fuelled her passionate life long fight for Aboriginal people's rights for past, present and future generations.
We are thankful Google has chosen to showcase our nana so she can be more widely recognised, acknowledged and honoured. As a First Nation social rights and justice activist, Pearl Gibbs was the first at many things for a woman of her time. We reckon our nana would probably have not wanted the focus on her as a person, but rather on her achievements. There is a first time for everything.

Pictured: Helen Druett (granddaughter), Simone Cambey (great-granddaughter) and Anny Druett (granddaughter)
Photo Credit: Courtesy of the family of Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi"

Today's Doodle was illustrated by Yuwi, Torres Strait and South Sea Islander guest artist Dylan Mooney. Below, he shares his thoughts behind the making of this Doodle:

Q. Why was this topic meaningful to you personally?
A. Q. What were your first thoughts when you were approached about working on this Doodle? A. Q. What message do you hope people take away from your Doodle? A. My hope is that people reflect on our history within Australia and know our past and what Aunty Pearl Gibbs has done for this nation. I also hope that Indigenous women are celebrated for what they do for our community, in whatever that may be. Indigenous women are our heroes. I couldn't believe it, being approached by a big company such as Google you know it was a bit overwhelming. But I'm so proud to have worked with Google and Aunty Pearl Gibbs' family to bring this work to life. This topic was important to me not only because of the work Aunty Pearl Gibbs has done for Aboriginal people, but also her work with women and children. She created change for our people to keep thriving.

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Today's Doodle, illustrated by Yuwi, Torres Strait Islander and South Sea Islander guest artist Dylan Mooney, celebrates revolutionary Aboriginal Australian activist Pearl Gibbs "Gambanyi", who is widely regarded among the 20th-century's leading advocates for Aboriginal rights. Pearl Mary Gibbs "Gambanyi" was born on this day in 1901 to an Aboriginal mother and a non-Aboriginal father in La Perouse, New South Wales.

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August 23, 2021

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Aimé Painé's 78th Birthday! #GoogleDoodle