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Visible light refers to the part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye. It is the range of electromagnetic radiation that we can perceive as various colors. The wavelength range of the visible spectrum is approximately 400 to 700 nanometers.
When light passes through a prism or diffracts through a water droplet, it splits into its component colors. These colors, in order of increasing wavelength, are violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red. These are the colors of the visible spectrum
Each color within the visible spectrum corresponds to a different wavelength. Violet light has the shortest wavelength at about 400 nanometers, while red light has the longest wavelength at about 700 nanometers. Other colors fall between these two extremes.

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wavelength: under 0.01 nm

application:
1. Astronomy research. Pro: By detecting γ ray in the space, we can gain space images that we cannot see by our eyes.
2. Sanitizing. γ ray has strong ability of destructing cells, so it can be used to sterilise  medical supplies, cosmetics and fragrances. Pro: It can sterilise fast, completely and preduce no chemical residues and no environmental pollution.

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UV light covers the wavelength range 100-400 nm.
It can be  widely used in industrial processes and in medical and dental practices for a variety of purposes, such as killing bacteria, creating fluorescent effects, curing inks and resins, phototherapy and suntanning.

The pros of UV radiation is that it is essential to the body as it stimulates the production of vitamin D.  vitamin D plays a crucial role in skeletal development, immune function and blood cell formation.

The cons: It can damage your skin and eyes if you don't protect them from the sun and wear good sunglasses with UV protection.

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X-rays have very small wavelengths, between 0.03 and 3 nanometers,

X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation with very high energy that can penetrate materials opaque to visible light. X-rays have the second highest frequencies, next to 𝛾- rays.

X-rays are typically used in medical diagnosis. Sometimes they are also used to determine the structure of proteins and other molecules. This is called X-ray diffraction.
The lower end of the  𝛾- ray frequency range overlaps the upper end of the X-ray range, which makes them very similar.

X-rays can also be produced by bombarding a metal target with high-energy electrons. X-rays electrons emits braking radiation. Braking radiation refers to the radiation produced by any charged particle that is slowed by any medium of choice. In this case, braking radiation contains a numerous range of frequencies.

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Infrared waves have wavelengths from 0.7 to 1000 µm. Although humans cannot detect infrared radiation with their vision, we are able to feel it as heat. Rays of an infrared wavelength are produced by any object that has a temperature, making them very common.

The set of wavelengths has many different applications, being used in devices from remote controls to thermal imaging cameras. As an example, thermal imaging cameras can detect the heat of objects, being useful from security applications to applications involving space observation.

This particular application has several pros and cons:

Pros:
- Can detect weak heat signatures that would otherwise be undetectable

Cons:
- It will simply reflect upon hitting water or glass

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Radio waves are the longest waves in the electromagnetic spectrum, typically with frequencies of 300 GHz (300,000,000,000 Hz) and below.

Radio waves are very widely used for radio communication, broadcasting, radar and radio navigation systems, communications satellites, wireless computer networks and more. They are widely used because their long frequency allows them to easily diffract (bend) around obstacles like mountains. Also, radio waves can literally go through walls because they are bigger then the size of atoms in a wall. Furthermore, radio waves can travel much farther than other waves due to their large wavelength.

The generation and use of radio waves is strictly regulated by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). This is because exposure to sufficiently high levels of radiofrequency emmission can heat biological tissue and potentially cause tissue damage. The ITU limits the emission of radio waves to ensure that they can be safely used in modern society without harming the public.

After being theorized in Maxwell's equations, radio waves were discovered by Heinrich Hertz and were originally named Hertzian waves after him.

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Their frequencies (wavelengths) are in the range from 300 MHz (λ = 1 m) up to 300 GHz (λ = 1 mm). Microwaves are used for a variety of technology. They can be used for cooking food, communications and for satellite communications. Microwaves while they can be helpful but exposure to the radiation they create is also able to cause high levels of microwaves can cause skin burns or cataracts as they also heat up the body tissue killing it.  Microwaves are also non-ionizing radiation which means does not have enough energy to remove an electron (negative particle) from an atom or molecule unlike gamma rays or x-rays.