# data[].attributes.body
*All the way in the 1920's Japan was taken over by Militarists that wanted to keep power after the great depression the government was blamed and took power. They did not establish a new government unlike with Hitler and Mussolini. Japan would invade china for its resources and take Manchuria.
*Hitler with Germany would begin to undo what the treaty of Versailles limited on them. They conscripted an army, built an air force, grew their navy and went into the Rhineland. Hitler would take smaller country's like Czechoslovakia which Britain and France gave as an appeasement.
*Mussolini would finally take Ethiopia with tanks, planes, guns, but most horrifically: Poison gas. The league of nations was informed of this by the emperor of Ethiopia but ultimately did nothing.  Eventually in Nov 1936 they formed an official alliance called the Axis Powers.
*in 1931 a republic was declared in Spain run by liberals and socialists. in 1936 Francisco Franco would lead a revolt to form a fascist government which Mussolini and hither would join in support of. Eventually it become an Dictator ship under fascism with Francisco Franco.

# data[].attributes.body
The interwar was the time period between World War 1 and 2. It’s when Europe struggled to recover from the devastation of the First World War. During this time period an increase in the amount of women’s legislation was being passed by the Parliament. Women started to look for work that made use of the skills they had gained in the WW1. Women would not get any unemployment benefits if they refuse to take up any available jobs. This soon forced women back towards what was considered women’s work, like laundry and washing dishes. However, job opportunities did open up for women through the 1920s and 30s. During this time period women began to get jobs in the civil service

# data[].attributes.body
-          Both wars involved genocide. Explain the similarities between the Armenian Genocide of WWI and the Holocaust of WWII.

-   Armenian Genocide (Ottoman Empire)

§  Places deported in an hours’ notice

·        No preparation; sometimes little children were left behind.

§  People bound with ropes and chains

§  Brutal treatment of mothers with newborn children/yet to be born children.

§  People deported to the middle of nowhere.

§  Massacre near Kemakh.

-   Holocaust (Nazi Germany)

§  Those persecuted were sent to camps to do hard labor under horrible conditions and treatment, everyday a few workers were murdered.

§  Each day new transports arrived, ordered to strip naked, and then were taken to gas chambers.

§  Work in death camps involved building gas chambers.

-   Compare

§  Both the Ottoman and German government persecuted various minorities. The dehumanization and scapegoating of these minorities is what justified killing them.

-   Contrast

§  German prosecution was much more systematic.

§  Ottoman prosecution involved no forced physical labor, Armenians were just killed cruelly

# data[].attributes.body
-        Explain the costs of war for both sides – what caused tremendous suffering?

-  Due to various reasons, many Germans were killed and the country’s treasury was severely depleted due to the war. For the allies, however, the one who took the most loss was the USSR, as they took 7,720,000 civilian deaths and almost twice as many military casualties, at 13.6 million military personnel lost their lives or went missing. Japan’s military was reduced by 1,140,129. 953,000 Japanese civilians lost their lives as well. People were killed in horrid POW camps, as well as concentration camps and gulags. Bombing raids were also popular with the US and Germany, as many cities like Berlin and London were in ruins by the wars’ end. The most notable human atrocity was the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which killed civilians almost exclusively.

§  60 million deaths due to the war.

·        40 million Europeans dead

o   2/3 civilian

·        About 1/3 in the Soviet Union

·        50 million more uprooted from their homes

·        Many stayed in bombed cities

§  Communist Party membership skyrocketed in France & Italy

§  Multiple billion dollars spent on both sides.

# data[].attributes.body
-        Explain the costs of war from Influenza and numbers of dead – what caused such tremendous suffering?

-  Millions died from Spanish Flu, which drained resources. Without these resources on the front, endless attacks and counter-attacks left many without the proper means to recover from injury, further spiking the death toll. Economically, about $338 billion was drained from the European economy. The destruction of farmland and industrial factories also resulted in great economic loss & recession in Europe.

§  20 million dead from Spanish Flu

·        12 million in India

·        1500 on one day in Berlin, Germany

§  Endless fighting after Russian withdrawal

8.5 million Soldiers died because of the war, 21 million wounded.

# data[].attributes.body
The main allies were Britain, France and the United States.

The allies were able to win World War I by simply holding on long enough for the United States to enter. They had to outlast the Central Powers. During 1917 that’s when the United States entered the war, they were on the allied side. They were fresh in the war, they had all the war material and a good size population ready to fight. And a big part of the allies winning the war was due to the fact that Germany failed to conquer Paris in the final 1918 offensive, this was mainly a large part of American troops.

# data[].attributes.body
Militarism- Militarism means the idea of keeping a strong military and being prepared to use it to defend or attack. The growing militarism in Japan, Germany, and Italy all were factors in the cause of WW2.

# data[].attributes.body
The Allies England (Great Britain, the United Kingdom), the United States of America, the Soviet Union (U.S.S.R. , Russia), and France.
The allies had the main mindset of the war was to defeat Germany that was there priority. This was key to ending the world crisis, the defeat of Hitler’s Germany. The allies used utilized there large range of resources very effectively on the battlefield and in the air. The American power played a significance role in how the allies were winning. The United States had the ability to make mass production of weapons and war equipment and were allies got a hold of this and all this was taken for granted. German had lots of differences from the allies including the main one, bombing. It played an important part in keeping confidence in Britain and the USA, while its effects on German society led to social disruption.

# data[].attributes.body
Militarism- Militarism means the idea of keeping a strong military and being prepared to use it to defend or attack. The European arms race where the nations of Europe though that to be the best they needed a powerful military. All the Great nations besides Britain had a large army with strategies to quickly move and organize soldiers for war.

# data[].attributes.body
Imperialism- Imperialism means the action of extending a country's power through military force. Japan, Germany, and Italy all fought to get more land to expand to. Some examples of this are Japan invading Manchuria, Italy invading Ethiopia, and Germany invading Sudetenland.

# data[].attributes.body
The spark for WW2 was Germany starting the invasion on Poland on September 1st, 1939.

# data[].attributes.body
The spark for WW1 was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28, 1914 in the city of Sarajevo. Franz was the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

# data[].attributes.body
Nationalism- Nationalism is the idea that your country is better than all others. Nationalism was taken on another level especially by the Germans. With Hitler in power of Germany cam a depression throughout, many people wanted more resources, land, and power.

# data[].attributes.body
Nationalism- Nationalism is the idea that your country is better than all others. Europe’s Great Powers including Germany, Austria-Hungary, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, and France began competing to be the best. A rivalry started between these nations for things like materials/markets and territorial disputes.

# data[].attributes.body
Imperialism- Imperialism means the action of extending a country's power through military force. The nations of Europe competed against each other for land in both Africa and Asia. This lead to many disagreements and the brink of wars.

# data[].attributes.body
Alliances- The upside to having allies is that they can help you out if you are being threatened or even at war with another country. A downside is that even though you are in an alliance they may not always have your back. Many countries began to create alliances. The Triple Alliance was formed by Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Italy, because of this The Triple Entente was formed by Russia, Great Britain, and France in order to try to counter them.

# data[].attributes.body
In WW1 Fighting consisted mostly of trench warfare but was different on the two fronts that were fighting. On the western front the trenches stretched for miles and were very muddy and had horrible living conditions, while the Eastern Front were much more fluid and trenches never truly developed. This was because the long front made so that there were more soldiers spread out along the line. The new weapons introduced in WW1 included tanks, mustard gas, submarines, and machine guns. The most common guns used for the allies were the Lee-Enfield . 303 (Britain and Commonwealth) Lebel and Berthier 8mm (France, Mannlicher– Carcano M1891, 6.5mm (Italy), Mosin–Nagant M1891 7.62 (Russia), and Springfield 1903 . The tanks the British used were the British Mark I tanks.

This was very different of the tactic Germany used in WW2 which consisted of a Strategy called Blitzkrieg which  involved fast tanks and planes followed by massive infantry to take enemy defenders by surprise. While the Allies strategy entailed bypassing and isolating heavily fortified enemy positions while preparing to take over strategically important areas. Small Arms, Pistols, Rifles, Sub Machine Guns, Hand Grenade, and Flame Throwers were all new weapons of WW2 and the tanks and airplanes became much better and the navy playing more of a role in WW2 The plane the brittish used the most was the Supermarine Spitfire it was a single-seat fighter aircraft that was used by the Royal Air Force and other Allied countries before, during, and after World War II. Many variants of the Spitfire were built, using several wing configurations, and it was produced in greater numbers than any other British aircraft
The main fighter plain for Germany was The Messerschmitt Bf 109 which was a fighter aircraft that was, along with the Focke-Wulf Fw 190, the backbone of the Luftwaffe's fighter force. When germany was the first one to come up with a idea of the Jet engine which made plans go way faster. There main bomber plain was the The Messerschmitt Bf 110, often known unofficially as the Me 110, is a twin-engine Zerstörer and fighter-bomber developed in Nazi Germany in the 1930s and used by the Luftwaffe during World War II. Germanys main tank was the  Panzer V  medium tank - or 'Panther' - is oft-regarded as Germany's best all-around tank of the war with its potent mix of armor, armament, mobility, and production reach.

# data[].attributes.body
A total war means that all the countries were willing to sacrifice all there materials in to the war effort. When battling in a total war, the goal is to destroy the other contender’s resources in order for them not to be able to battle any more. It was a war that was unrestricted in terms of weapons used, civilians and objectives pursued. And often the cause of a total war is through the military using propaganda to engage the civilians that war is good.

# data[].attributes.body
The European Central Powers involved Germany, the Austrian-Hungary Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.
The European Allied Powers involved France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Romania, Portugal, Serbia, Greece, and Belgium.

# data[].attributes.body
The further conquest and competition to establish overseas empires deepened mistrust and rivalry between the Europeans. Territory disputes like in Africa and need for greater resources from colonies pushed them to several earlier wars which took place (Franco-Prussain War). Russia would go on to help Balkan States to earn independence but two would later be annexed by the empire Austria-Hungary. Serbia would contain an secret society called the black hand which sent Gavrilo Princip to assassinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand an heir to the Austrian throne in attempt to free the Balkan states. This would push Austria-Hungary to send the ultimatum which was a list of demand. it was given an offer to negotiate but the Austrians refused.

# data[].attributes.body
The Pacific and Asian Theater consisted of various naval campaigns between the Central Powers and the Allied Powers. The German Forces were driven out of their colonies in the Pacific. Tsingtao, China was captured by the Japanese Forces. Though many lands were captured by the allied forces, trade was teeming. Although, the fact that Japan was an ally for Britain in a European War was considered racism for many. So Japan was limited in the naval ships that were allowed to Europe. They eventually lost its control over China and they entered the war just after the "21 Demands" of Kato and his removal and the Japanese taking Taiwan for themselves. Germany had lost an army base in China when they entered the war. By the end of the war, Britain had taken care of the tension in the Anglo-Japanese Allience , though their main focus was circumstances, Post-War.

# data[].attributes.body
The European Axis Powers consisted of Germany, Italy, France, Finland, the U.S.S.R, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Hungary, Denmark, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Bulgaria, Greece, Yugoslavia, Albania, and Romania.
The European Allied Powers consisted of only Great Britain.

# data[].attributes.body
The Pacific Theater was a series of World War II battles throughout the body of the ocean. The war, in general, had started when Nazi Germany had invaded Poland. The Pacific battles had started when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in Oahu, Hawaii. The United States declared war on Japan and entered World War II. After some time, Imperial Japan was able to conquer many islands from the Allies. The Battle of the Coral Sea was successful for stopping Japan from taking Coral Sea Islands, which was the first successful battle for the Allies. The U.S. had the element of surprise and had battled Japan in the Battle of Midway, which sank around 254 aircraft and boats. They had fought in almost 20 different battles all together, the bloodiest were Iwo Jima and Okiwana. Then the U.S dropped the Atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, islands of Japan, and managed to kill over 130,000 people and affect cities decades after.