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Title: Sitting Bull and the Sioux Resistance
Observe:

Upon his first coup, Sitting Bull was renamed and given his first white feather in one of the most developed Native American societies

Horses and guns allowed the Lakota tribe to live and hunt buffalo

Whites had begun searching for gold, killing buffalo, and using their river valleys for steamboats

Despite his tribes’ efforts, the soldiers of America continued to push on and on further during battle

They were completely defeated, only two Americans dead

Treaty was made to put the Sioux around the Powder River with the buffalo

A few years later Red Cloud settled there so he Sitting Bull was made a mediator between people and government authorities

Future battles were based on Sioux being told to move or face military action

The Indians won Little Bighorn because Custer spread out his men and the Sioux were determined and confident

Sitting Bull represented bravery, wisdom, fortitude, and generosity

Reflect: Throughout Sitting Bull's life he had made many great accomplishments that led him to be a leader and the perfect example of the ideals of the Sioux. The development of weapons from Americans had helped the Indians but also led to their downfall as a people, for they were killed with those very weapons. The Sioux had continuously been misplaced throughout the Plains causing them to encounter other Indian tribes and having to prevent outbreaks between government and native relationships. In the end Sitting Bull had never changed in his last moments as their defeat was criticized yet applauded.
Question: Were the soldiers of America so blinded by their greed that they never saw the pure wisdom and powers of these Indian tribe leaders? Did they never want to learn how they developed their ways?

https://pts.schoology.com/attachment/985374357/docviewer

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Title: Conquering the West
Observe:

Many Americans moved for gold and silver rushes

Others wanted bison herds

Expansion of railroads let Americans take bison onto their own land

Once Mormons settled west they were supply points for emigrants

Believed Americans were amazing

The Homestead Act excluded married women

Sioux began killing white Americans so the Americans broke their defense and attacked to stop the Sioux uprising

Many had been taken prisoner and hanged

The Cheyenne tried to declare peace but they ended up slaughtered

Americans rarely met Indians on their own and thought of them as a lesser and more lazy people

After Custer’s fall the plains were rid of Indian tribes

California laws had Indians taken as apprentice laborers

Railroads were a huge impact on creating the west

They created enormous labor demands

Chicago became the gateway hub of the Plains and eastern markets

Native American depended on prophets and religion to get through they struggles as they preached the right thing

Wounded Knee was the end of a Native American resistance

The western culture of the US was made of characters and heroes

They were fascinated by the culture of Indians because they had seemed to disappear

Reflect: American expansion and hunting was detrimental to Indian populations for they would starve from the lack of buffalo and couldn't sustain the life of farming. Americans repeatedly attacked the Indians feeding the nation's strong sense of patriotism and greed and also fueled the growing hatred the Indians had for them. The railroads brought more and more people to the plains and made them more appealing so the Indians had to repeatedly relocate. Indians had to resort to religion to get them through the cruel and hard times the Americans put them through and to preach to stay peaceful. As the Indians finally seemed disappear, western culture was often characterized by the wonders of these people.
Question: Was there no shame in their wonder of the Indian way of life as they formed their culture to be characters?

http://www.americanyawp.com/text/17-conquering-the-west/#IX_Primary_Sources

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Title: Chief Red Cloud, Chief
Observe: He quickly gained recognition and credit as a very strong leader in his tribe. He led his people to attack the forts the Americans were building onto reserved land for the Indians. The tribe leader had been tricked into signing a dishonest treaty and so his people leaned more and more to Crazy Horse in anger. He spoke in Washington and the government did revise the treaty. He kept his people peaceful and fought against the government in lawful ways while respecting the government. Later on, he was removed as chief for he wouldn't abandon the Black Hills.
Reflect: Red Cloud stood as a strong example of peaceful and very respectful ways of handling the conflicts with the US government after the destruction of the violating forts. His presence was never forgotten as he attempted to ease the troubles of his people without bringing them war and directly handled his issues with the courts. His removal of chief gave what the government saw as a way to make his people continue to relocate. They felt they no longer would run into trouble with him, for he gave legitimate and logical arguments.
Question: Did other/future leaders find Red Cloud inspiring in the way he directly handled his issues to protect and defend his tribe? Did he inspire other tribes to do the same, or did they still resort to violence?

http://www.americanyawp.com/text/17-conquering-the-west/#IX_Primary_Sources

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Title: Map of Nebraska and Dakota and portions of the states and territories bordering thereon

Observe: The words and labels are extremely spread out and different territories aren't very specific and every bit of land seems to be up for grabs. There aren't many notes besides for rivers and territories, but there are scattered spots for what I'm guessing are stops for living and supplies.
Reflect: The scattered and undefined territory in the map shows how easy it seemed to take the Indian's land for their own. The openness of the map sets an example for the Americans' thought of mind when it came to land: if there's land it must be taken and put to good use. This "land of opportunity" ideal comes from an empty map with land untouched by the whites.
Question: Did maps like these excite those who bound westward for a new start? Had they always disregarded the Indians' land from the beginning?

https://www.loc.gov/resource/g4130.cws00207/?r=0.197,0.284,0.28,0.136,0

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Title: The American Yawp: Gender, Religion, and Culture
Observe:

There was a huge question in what clean money was

Every American was convinced Rockefeller did not achieve all of his riches without any corruption

Those treated unfairly in society stood up and became activists for their rights including municipal reforms, the suffrage movement and labor laws

The youth of that time had begun to push against their parents’ societal norms and experimented with gender, dress, and sexuality

Women also began to stand up for what they believed in for others

Women resorted to literature to voice their concerns

Men were worried by female activism but cared more about how the image of American men had begun to change into a more depressing image

Churches worried feminization had actually feminized Jesus Christ himself

Circuits of entertainment became popular for the public and made magicians like Houdini famous

A new technology of recording audio had been developed and mass used for entertainment

The film industry had received its first motion picture device

Reflect: With the increasing power of the wealthy the middle class continued to question whether the wealthy would begin to rule the country's way of life. They wondered if they would have to begin to learn the same beliefs and lifestyles of the wealthy. The increasing spirit of women and men fighting fro their rights had also encouraged the youth to start to experiment with societal ideals and think out of the box. Literature was also formed into an outlet of women's demands for equal rights. So many women standing up for their rights made women the people of society who helped others, just as a mother was pictured to care for her child, women cared for others in society. This also made men question their masculinity. Because men had become such a depressing and solemn figure from overwork, they weren't so sure of themselves anymore. Churches were also concerned about the feminization of Jesus Christ. Camps for boys had actually been made by the muscular Christians of churches to protects Jesus' masculinity. The entertainment industry also boomed and movie stars, comedians, and magicians became known from technological developments.
Question: Were these suspicions of the wealthy the beginnings of the deep rooted hate for the rich that some Americans still have today?

http://www.americanyawp.com/text/18-industrial-america/

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Title: A Protest Against the Statue of Liberty
Observe:

The man writing this document was a Chinese immigrant who was being discriminated even though he helped in the build of this country

He questions the true meaning and how much value liberty truly had in this country

He hopes for the future to bring change

He states to not let those who deprive them of liberty and discriminate them make them bow down to liberty

Reflect: This document stands as a representative of the contradictions America stood behind and had stood behind before. Before Chinese immigrants, slavery was always justified with pure emotion and convenience despite the country claiming all men are created equal. The Chinese immigrants had been a huge impact on building the country, especially in railroad labor, and now the country wants to deny them the liberty of America. It shows not only the irony of discriminating Chinese after receiving the Statue of Liberty but also how the country is repeating its own actions.
Question: Did this document ever become popular? Did women ever stand up for the Chinese like they did for the mentally ill and labor laws?

http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=31

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Title: Harry Houdini
Observe:

Erich devoted himself to helping his mother

He would collect coins on the street as a beggar

After being an acrobat he got into lock picking

As a jew he was a necktie cutter, one of the only occupations available to Jews in America

He gave up the ties for show business

As he aged he invested in film as the film industry had begun to blossom

He was a detective that still captured the realness of Houdini

He also ran into an obsession of connecting with the afterlife, which he was too much of a skeptic to fully pursue

Reflect: Harry's small beginnings were an ideal for the way America pictured how success was achieved. With hard work, you would made it anywhere. Houdini helped his mother and the fact that tie cutting was the only job he was able to get as a Jew shows how even if America claimed to be equal, there was still quite a bit of work to do, especially when it came to immigrants. When he left his parents it shows how the youth had begun to pursue dreams of their own and make their own futures in entertainment. The film industry also became a place of opportunity for those who wanted to make it big.
Question: When it came to Houdini as an idol, was he idolized for his small beginnings or just for the fact that was seen as such an amazing musician? Did race and ethnicity have a place in fame back then?

https://go.gale.com/ps/retrieve.do?resultListType=RELATED_DOCUMENT&searchType=ts&userGroupName=inspire&inPS=true&contentSegment=&prodId=BIC&docId=GALE|K1631003138&it=r

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Title: Terminal of the Chicago and North-Western Railway at Chicago
Observe: The railway connects from the middle of the city to the perimeter of it. It seems to lead to all corners, the most busiest and packed points of the city, and travel out of the city as well.
Reflect: Railways were the easiest and the fastest way to travel throughout the country. For big cities like Chicago railways had to be present in the most populated areas and reach the biggest points of commerce as well, like the ports. A railway like this was important for connections in the city and outside of it for farmers and others to travel for business.
Question: Were railways a convenience for everyone in the city or did it come to inconvenience those in the city as well as farmers?

https://www.loc.gov/resource/g4104c.pm020210/?r=0.133,0.061,0.884,0.428,0

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Title: The master of steel: Andrew Carnegie
Observe:

Carnegie, who started from nothing, came to be the richest man in the world with no idea of how to use his money

Returning from India, he realized not much separates a poor man from the rich

He felt to die rich was shameful

He had a deep love of art

His family moved to America to try for money

His attitude towards his wealth was known by all, especially his family

He found steel in trips to England

His riches came with problems with shares and how they could only be sold to the company itself

He was often questions of his true intentions

Many turned against him and called him a coward for standing against the strikes

Reflect: Carnegie was a man who stood out against other millionaires in the way he was a giving man with his wealth. He represented a picture of the American dream with his Rags to Riches story. Having so much money and power problems could not be avoided, so while he was loved by many he was also pitied and interrogated. While Carnegie may have contradicted his own stance on things at some points in time, he was just doing what America already was doing. America was shifting their opinions back and forth on if these strikes and outcries were done for violence and hatred, while also wanting better for their work conditions.
Question: Andrew never questioned his happiness. Was it really his true contentment in life, or the money that made people admire him?

https://pts.schoology.com/attachment/985374369/docviewer

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Title: A Haymarket Radical Addresses the Court
Observe:

One of the three men convicted of the bombing in Haymarket Square are in court to speak their final words as their sentenced to death

He claims there is false and weak evidence that supports his guilt in the crime

He was not accused of murder but anarchy

He speaks for the unfair treatment of the public by these rude and insensitive police

The policeman have taken his belongings and lied to protect themselves

He fights that the policemen have lied in court

He blames the policeman’s perjury on self righteousness and climb in social status

Alleged claims were all it took for him to be suspected of the crime.

He fully commits to the idea of giving back what he is given when it comes to how the police force treats him and his people.

Reflect: This case represents a large portion of how the labor union workers had been treated ever since they began to speak out for what they believed in. False accusations were easily made by those who had the upper hand in power, just as the powerful felt it was okay to go and rid people of their only source of income. Lies are easily believed when one has power in social status. They are looked up to in a way that people dream to be in their footsteps. This man defends not only his life, but also his right to fair treatment as another human being who works for what they've been given in life.
Question: Did this court case strike outbursts and give confidence to the people who knew what it was like to be mistreated by the powerful?

http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=1075

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Title: George Mortimer Pullman
Observe:

Pullman attended school until the age of 14

He later joined his brother in cabinet making for 7 years

He was inspired by the trading and manufacturing business field

He gained his reputation by working on significant projects as a contractor between jobs in Chicago

He had been developing his ideas for comfortable sleeping in railway cars

He left Chicago to finally develop his own Pullman car

Upon return to Chicago he came out with a close friend of his with his own line of railway cars

Others bandwagoned the idea and eventually he had several plants to help progress the comfort of railway cars

He was the president of another car company and involved with another wiring company, spreading his influence greatly

Reflect: Pullman also serves as a beacon to the ideal American Dream. Pullman developed his own ideas into very loved and popular cars that gave him very large amounts of profit. Pullman's method of gaining allies with other companies, as well as a close friend gave him the opportunity to spread his influence throughout the most populated states in America. A reputation that involved working with many companies on very progressive projects are what was the key to his success in that he had improved many separate areas.
Question: Railroad companies had been hesitant to support his original idea. Why did they hesitate? Was it because they didn't want to change something they had grown comfortable with?

https://go.gale.com/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=Biographies&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=MultiTab&searchType=PersonSearchForm&currentPosition=1&docId=GALE%7CBT2310005225&docType=Biography&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=ZXAM-MOD1&prodId=BIC&contentSet=GALE%7CBT2310005225&searchId=R1&userGroupName=inspire&inPS=true

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Title: Maps showing the Norfolk, Albermarle & Atlantic Railroad and its connections
Observe: The specific railroads depicted in this map serve to connect far distance across the border to the Atlantic. It does not reach too far into the land but stops at what seem to be the most populated areas and the most economically progressive.
Reflect: Railroads such as this show how ideal they had become for families, the economy, and for those who were choosing to follow their dreams and travel to where the money was made. Having a railroad on the perimeter shows that even if the cities aren't the most populated, they will get you to an ideal area at an economic standpoint.
Question: Did railroads ever serve as a strictly scenic mode of transportation? Were roads like these made on the border because of the surrounding landscape? Did industrialists think that far ahead in economy when building these?

https://www.loc.gov/item/98688737/