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Gibbons was sued for operating one of his ships in a bay between New Jersey and New York in which Ogden had an exclusive license. Gibbons was forced to forfeit his ship and then appealed this decision to the highest court in New York that had the jurisdiction to hear it.

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Could state legislatures pass laws that interfere with the free exchange of goods among states?
State's rights?

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The court ruled in favor of Gibbons.

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The decision impacted the national government's expansion of growth in the national economy. It enhanced congress' ability to promote westward expansion.

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Georgia granted land to private investors, including John Peck who sold it to Robert Fletcher. After it was discovered that the Georgia legislators that passed this grant and the sale of land was void, Fletcher sued Peck for damages claiming that Peck lied when he said he had good title for the land.

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Amerindians were being forced out of their land and attempted to live in Georgia. Andrew Jackson was the President and strongly supported kicking the Amerindians out. There was a law in Georgia that prevented citizens from going on Amerindian land without taking an oath of allegiance. Samuel Worcester did not follow the law and got arrested. He sued to the Supreme Court.

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Do states have the right to impose regulations on Native Americans land?

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Once a state finalizes the sale of land, is it Constitutional for that state to repeal the sale?

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Georgia's law was unconstitutional and Native American land could not be regulated by the state.

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It impacted the ability for state to regulate Native American lands and set the stage for Indian law in the US. Federal government determines if you can live on Native American land, not state government.

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Georgia violated the Contract clause of the Constitution. Court ruled in favor of Peck, saying he was innocent.

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The court ruled in favor of Parks that the repealing of land was unconstiutational and that it could not be repealed. The case was dismissed and the repeal of land was struck down. This set the precedent that the court had the power to enforce contracts states or the government engaged in.

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Dartmouth College was given a grant by King George in 1769. Charter said 12 trustees would always run the college. New Hampshire legislature passed acts to make Dartmouth a state run college and add trustees. The board sued William Woodward.

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Ruled that the state of New Hampshire had violated the contract clause in an attempt to install a new board of trustees

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Was the jurisdiction to place Dartmouth college under state control unconstitutional?

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second national bank arose. charter for first bank not renewed bc people questioned constitutionality- didn't want to give national government too much power. "stamp tax" made to tax paper used for printing bank notes aimed at second national bank.

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The case guaranteed protection of all types of contracts from government actions, benefiting the national economy and private corporations; states did not have authority over contracts underneath the constitution.

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Do states have the right to tax divisions of the U.S. government like second national bank?

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Jefferson defeats Adams. Adams tries to pack the courts with new federal judges.  Federalists controlled the judiciary branch. Madison refused to grant the commissions that were left on his desk in March of 1801. William Marbury sued for his appointment.

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Deliver Marbury's commission?
Did the Court have jurisdiction under the Judic. Act of 1789?

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Turned down Marbury's request.
No!

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Gives the Court the power of Judicial Review.

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ruled in favor of McColluch
states do not have the right to tax agencies of the government, including banks

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This case established the supremacy that national institutions had over state ones. The states could not tax a federal institution like the National Bank