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The people doing the talking are the people doing the thinking.

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The people doing the talking are the people doing the thinking.

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Says: If you’re doing all the speaking, the students are not learning. Getting students to talk is getting students to think, and also lets you know what they’re learning.

Means: The bulk of the talking should be coming from the students.

Matters: It puts the learning back in the students’ hands.

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If I can explain it, I probably understand it.

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If I can explain it, I probably understand it.

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Says: If a students can say the content, they can understand the content.
Means: If a students can use their own words, the understand the content.
Matters: This allows students and teachers to check their understanding.

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Teaching students to speak like experts...once it becomes automatic will transfer to their writing

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Students need to practice-- everyday and often! Accept imperfection and keep practicing. (Start with sentence frames and then taper off!)

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Says...practicing speaking in a small group before speaking to the whole room is good
Means....educators need to plan opportunities for small group discussion before class
Matters...this practice builds confidence around speaking to peers, as well as public speaking

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#5  Says/Means: If I can explain it, I probably understand it.

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#5  Says/Means: If I can explain it, I probably understand it.

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Matters: If I am not able to explain it and don't understand it, I cannot use the information/skills which means I can't build upon it. When there are gaps in the learning, the outcomes are more difficult/challenging than they need to be!

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Says:  Students Need Think Time And Write Time Before They Speak

Means:  Give students a few minutes to think and do an individual write before sharing.  Students need time to create and process their thoughts.

Matters: Increases access for all students. Promotes more genuine responses

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Practicing verbally allows them to connect ideas and communicate better in their writing

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Says-  "Putting a grade on student talk makes it non-authentic"

Means--Have talk be the reward itself

Matters--Students feel like they're more part of the class, and it's more authentic to them.

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If students want to be understood in different contexts they read to be albe to learn/ communicate in different ways.

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Says: Plan ahead using stimulating ideas and ask open-ended questions.
Means: Make student talk more engaging and authentic.
Matters: Spurs further exploration and engage students at many levels.

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Says: Student talk should be structured and practiced often

Means: Teachers need to prepare scaffolding and work it into the schedule

Matters: Students will begin to expect talking to one another and it will be a part of the classroom routine and structure

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#9 Putting a grade on student talk makes the talk inauthentic. 

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#9 Putting a grade on student talk makes the talk inauthentic. 

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Say: Don't grade conversations.
Means: Focus on the learning-make discussion part of the process.
Matter: Keep conversations authentic.

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2. Structured student conversation should occur multiple times in every instructional period.

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2. Structured student conversation should occur multiple times in every instructional period.

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Says: Smaller groups work better than larger ones; structured questions/prompts reduce chatter. Brain breaks are important. Frequency matters.
Means: Reduce discussion group sizes and provide guidance.
Matters: Provides space for reserved kids to participate; creates environment for [conversation/discussion] risk-taking.

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Says: Students need to know "Academic Language" skiils and when it is appropriate to use them.
Means: We must model and provide prompts for students to learn appropriate language skills
Matters: Provides scaffolding for student's language and writing mastery.

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Says: Give students opportunities to speak out in small groups.

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Says: Give students opportunities to speak out in small groups.

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Means: To include, support and encourage students to complete the task at hand.

Matters: To allow students the chance for their voices to be heard.