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WHO Ten steps to successful breastfeeding

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WHO Ten steps to successful breastfeeding

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Ashford and St Peter's Hospital Trust are proud to be a Baby Friendly accredited hospital. Staff who work at Ashford and St Peter's must adhere to the WHO ten steps to successful breastfeeding. Click on the link to read the 10 steps.

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When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select.

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Bottle or mix feeding families: you need to know...

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Bottle or mix feeding families: you need to know...

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1. Hold your baby close with plenty of eye contact during feeds. Closeness and comfort is important for you and your baby. You cannot 'spoil' a baby

2. Hold your baby upright and their bottle horizontal to prevent them from choking or over feeding. Watch this video to see paced bottle feeding.

3. Feed your baby responsively according to their cues and appetite including hunger cues and cues to have break/ finish feeding.

4. Clean and sterilise bottles before EVERY feed. Watch this video to learn how to clean and sterilise bottles.

5. Make up fresh formula feeds for every feed as per instructions below and discard if not drunk within 2 hours. Watch this video to see how to make up feeds safely.

6. Only to use first infant milks until your baby turns 1 year old and then to switch to cow's milk. Click here for more information on formula milks.

7. Limit the number of people who feed your baby to you and one significant other. Make every feed a special time to bond with your baby.

8. Make unbiased, fact-based decisions about which milk to use for your baby. All formula milk is regulated and is therefore fundamentally the same regardless of branding.

9. Access help with feeding once you are home (community support group column)

Scroll down the column to find out everything you need to know.

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Easily create surveys and polls to collect customer feedback, measure employee satisfaction, and organize team events.

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Easily create surveys and polls to collect customer feedback, measure employee satisfaction, and organize team events.

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Easily create surveys and polls to collect customer feedback, measure employee satisfaction, and organize team events.

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Modified responsive breastfeeding: A GRADUAL progression

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Modified responsive breastfeeding: A GRADUAL progression

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It can take some vulnerable and preterm babies weeks to build strength and stamina to fully feed responsively. Follow this guide to help them move forwards safely from birth:

Ensure baby feeds at least every 2-3 hours. Wake baby for feeds if sleepy. They may temporarily need a nasogastric tube if they do not wake for feeds.

Until your milk 'comes in' give additional colostrum 'desserts' even if you baby appears to have breastfed well.

Stimulate and maximise lactation by using a breast pump as soon as possible after birth, ideally within 2 hours of birth. Watch THIS VIDEO to learn how to use the breast pump.

Offer your breast at every feed for up to 10 minutes if your baby is sleepy or up to 30 minutes if your baby attaches to the breast

Until your baby starts gaining weight express and offer a top up after every feed:

!!!!UNTIL YOU ARE SURE PLEASE GIVE MORE!!!

Once your milk is plentiful and your baby is gaining weight start following the advice in the table above to guide whether or not a top up is required or your baby has breastfed well for that feed.

Offer any supplementation by cup feed as demonstrated in this video Make sure a member of staff has supported you with this and you feel confident before cup feeding independently.

Respond to your baby's cues and appetite.  You may have been recommended a target volume per feed but some babies feed little and often while others want more than the recommended volume.

Looking for signs of effective feeding with wet and dirty nappies etc (see how to know if baby is feeding well)

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How to breastfeed a vulnerable and preterm baby

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How to breastfeed a vulnerable and preterm baby

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Click on the picture to watch a short video on promoting the progression to fully responsive breastfeeding in vulnerable and preterm babies.

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Most small babies take many weeks to develop the skills and strength to effectively breastfeed. This video shows ways you can meet the special challenges of breastfeeding your small baby.

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Breastfeeding Your Small Baby - Video - Global Health Media Project

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Most small babies take many weeks to develop the skills and strength to effectively breastfeed. This video shows ways you can meet the special challenges of breastfeeding your small baby.

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Buccal colostrum  for sick and preterm babies 

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Buccal colostrum  for sick and preterm babies 

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click here to find out more expressing tips

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Supporting lactation when babies are admitted to NICU

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Supporting lactation when babies are admitted to NICU

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How to hand express video

Pump instructions

Pump fitting

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Supporting lactation when babies are admitted to NICU

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Supporting lactation when babies are admitted to NICU

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How to hand express video

Pump instructions

Pump fitting

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Buccal colostrum  for sick and preterm babies 

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Buccal colostrum  for sick and preterm babies 

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Parent Experience Questionnaire- baby on NICU

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Parent Experience Questionnaire- baby on NICU

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Online course to help you understand pregnancy, labour, birth and your baby

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Online course to help you understand pregnancy, labour, birth and your baby

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Click on the picture to access an online course which follows 9 Modules, each taking around 20 minutes and broken up into manageable units.

The course includes a range of practical tools as well as emotional support and guidance, including information on pain relief, birth positions, meditative breathing, preparing to take your baby home, approaches to feeding, soothing and connecting with your baby, and specialist material for fathers (we have a separate course for women couples).

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No matter your family set-up, the important relationships in your child’s life help shape their emotional health and wellbeing, and this starts as your baby develops in the womb. Your baby’s senses develop in pregnancy, and their brain is already building millions of connections to prepare them for their new world after birth.

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Baby feeding cues - Breastfeeding in Sheffield

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Recognise and respond to your baby's early feeding cues

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Recognise and respond to your baby's early feeding cues

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Click on the picture to discover more about recognising and responding to your baby's feeding cues.

Feeding babies when they show early cues enables feeds to remain calm and effective.

Top tip:

Change your baby's nappy after they have fed if they are showing feeding cues.

Changing a baby's nappy is a good way to wake a sleepy baby up if they are not showing feeding cues.

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Feed babies responsively to ensure they eat at least 8 -10 times in 24 hours

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Feed babies responsively to ensure they eat at least 8 -10 times in 24 hours

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Babies will give cues when they are hungry and they will stop feeding when they are full. Responsive feeding is when you respond to yours and your baby's cues.

NEWBORN BABIES ARE TYPICALLY SLEEPY IN THE FIRST 24 HOURS AND THEN CLUSTER FEED FROM AROUND 24-72 HOURS. THIS IS NORMAL.

Responsive breast feeding is a reciprocal relationship that provides everything a baby needs for nutrition and protection but also supports the emotional needs of both mother and baby.

Respond to your baby's cues of hunger but also your body - wake baby and offer a feed if your breasts feel full.

Breastfeeding stimulates yours and your baby's happy hormone, Oxytocin. This is great for tiredness, pain, reassurance and bonding. YOU CANNOT OVERFEED A BREASTFED BABY!

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How to know if your baby is getting enough milk

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How to know if your baby is getting enough milk

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Contact your Midwife or health care provider if have any concerns your baby is not feeding effectively.

Try smaller feeds more often or try a different shaped teat if your baby is not taking volumes that satisfy their appetite within 20-30 minutes.

Respond to your baby's cues of hunger and your baby's cues of wanting a break. It is important to hold the bottle correctly to enable your baby to pace themselves throughout the feed.

Remember every feed is a precious opportunity to cuddle and build a relationship with your baby to optimise their brain development. Hold them close with lots of eye contact during feeds.

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Baby feeding cues - Breastfeeding in Sheffield

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Recognise and respond to your baby's early feeding cues

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Recognise and respond to your baby's early feeding cues

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Click on the picture to discover more about recognising and responding to your baby's feeding cues.

Feeding babies when they show early cues enables feeds to remain calm and effective.

Top tip:

Change your baby's nappy after they have fed if they are showing feeding cues.

Changing a baby's nappy is a good way to wake a sleepy baby up if they are not showing feeding cues.

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Baby feeding cues - Breastfeeding in Sheffield

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Recognise and respond to your baby's early feeding cues

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Recognise and respond to your baby's early feeding cues

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Click on the picture to discover more about recognising and responding to your baby's feeding cues.

Feeding babies when they show early cues enables feeds to remain calm and effective.

Top tip:

Change your baby's nappy after they have fed if they are showing feeding cues.

Changing a baby's nappy is a good way to wake a sleepy baby up if they are not showing feeding cues.

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Feed babies responsively to ensure they eat at least 8 -10 times in 24 hours

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Feed babies responsively to ensure they eat at least 8 -10 times in 24 hours

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Babies will give cues when they are hungry and they will stop feeding when they are full. Responsive feeding is when you respond to yours and your baby's cues.

NEWBORN BABIES ARE TYPICALLY SLEEPY IN THE FIRST 24 HOURS AND THEN CLUSTER FEED FROM AROUND 24-72 HOURS. THIS IS NORMAL.

Responsive bottle feeding

Respond to your baby's cues of hunger and your baby's cues of wanting a break. It is important to hold the bottle correctly to enable your baby to pace themselves throughout the feed.

Remember every feed is a precious opportunity to cuddle and build a relationship with your baby to optimise their brain development.

Scroll across to the bottle feeding column to learn more about safe bottle feeding and paced, responsive bottle feeding.

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Feed babies responsively to ensure they eat at least 8 -10 times in 24 hours

# data[].attributes.subject
Feed babies responsively to ensure they eat at least 8 -10 times in 24 hours

# data[].attributes.body
Babies will give cues when they are hungry and they will stop feeding when they are full. Responsive feeding is when you respond to yours and your baby's cues.

NEWBORN BABIES ARE TYPICALLY SLEEPY IN THE FIRST 24 HOURS AND THEN CLUSTER FEED FROM AROUND 24-72 HOURS. THIS IS NORMAL.

Responsive bottle feeding

Respond to your baby's cues of hunger and your baby's cues of wanting a break. It is important to hold the bottle correctly to enable your baby to pace themselves throughout the feed.

Remember every feed is a precious opportunity to cuddle and build a relationship with your baby to optimise their brain development.

Scroll across to the bottle feeding column to learn more about safe bottle feeding and paced, responsive bottle feeding.

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Baby feeding cues - Breastfeeding in Sheffield

# data[].attributes.headline
Recognise and respond to your baby's early feeding cues

# data[].attributes.subject
Recognise and respond to your baby's early feeding cues

# data[].attributes.body
Click on the picture to discover more about recognising and responding to your baby's feeding cues.

Feeding babies when they show early cues enables feeds to remain calm and effective.

Top tip:

Change your baby's nappy after they have fed if they are showing feeding cues.

Changing a baby's nappy is a good way to wake a sleepy baby up if they are not showing feeding cues.

# data[].attributes.headline
Feed babies responsively to ensure they eat at least 8 -10 times in 24 hours

# data[].attributes.subject
Feed babies responsively to ensure they eat at least 8 -10 times in 24 hours

# data[].attributes.body
Babies will give cues when they are hungry and they will stop feeding when they are full. Responsive feeding is when you respond to yours and your baby's cues.

NEWBORN BABIES ARE TYPICALLY SLEEPY IN THE FIRST 24 HOURS AND THEN CLUSTER FEED FROM AROUND 24-72 HOURS. THIS IS NORMAL.

Responsive breast feeding is a reciprocal relationship that provides everything a baby needs for nutrition and protection but also supports the emotional needs of both mother and baby.

Respond to your baby's cues of hunger but also your body - wake baby and offer a feed if your breasts feel full.

Breastfeeding stimulates yours and your baby's happy hormone, Oxytocin. This is great for tiredness, pain, reassurance and bonding. YOU CANNOT OVERFEED A BREASTFED BABY!

Responsive bottle feeding

Respond to your baby's cues of hunger and your baby's cues of wanting a break. It is important to hold the bottle correctly to enable your baby to pace themselves throughout the feed.

Remember every feed is a precious opportunity to cuddle and build a relationship with your baby to optimise their brain development.

Scroll across to the bottle feeding column to learn more about safe bottle feeding and paced, responsive bottle feeding.

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How to know if your baby is getting enough milk

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How to know if your baby is getting enough milk

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Watch this short video on signs your baby is getting enough milk when breastfeeding.

Contact your Midwife or health care provider if have any concerns your baby is not feeding effectively.

Express and give additional breastmilk ensuring your baby feeds at least 8 times in 24 hours until you have sought some help and your baby is breastfeeding effectively.

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Please click on the picture to complete a short questionnaire about the antenatal WARMS session. We would like to ensure our service is meeting your needs and expectations.

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Give your breastfed baby a daily vitamin D supplement

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Give your breastfed baby a daily vitamin D supplement

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Click on the picture to find out more about vitamin D and how to buy it.

The government recommends all children aged 6 months to 5 years are given vitamin supplements containing vitamins A, C and D every day.

Babies who are having more than 500ml (about a pint) of infant formula a day should not be given vitamin supplements.

Babies who are being breastfed should be given a daily vitamin D supplement from birth, whether or not you're taking a supplement containing vitamin D yourself.

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Vitamin D

Breastfed babies

From birth to 1 year, if you are breastfeeding your baby they should have a daily supplement containing 8.5 to 10 micrograms of vitamin D.

This applies whether you are partially or exclusively breastfeeding, and whether you are taking a supplement containing vitamin D yourself.

Formula-fed babies

If your baby is having 500ml (about a pint) of formula milk a day, they do not need a vitamin D supplement as formula is already fortified with vitamin D and other nutrients.

Where can I buy vitamin D?

You can buy drops containing vitamin D for babies at pharmacies and supermarkets.

Read more about vitamins for babies and children.

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Read about how much vitamin D your baby should have and how to apply for free vitamins via Healthy Start.

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Give your breastfed baby a daily vitamin D supplement

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Give your breastfed baby a daily vitamin D supplement

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Click on the picture to find out more about vitamin D and how to buy it.

The government recommends all children aged 6 months to 5 years are given vitamin supplements containing vitamins A, C and D every day.

Babies who are having more than 500ml (about a pint) of infant formula a day should not be given vitamin supplements.

Babies who are being breastfed should be given a daily vitamin D supplement from birth, whether or not you're taking a supplement containing vitamin D yourself.

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Vitamin D

Breastfed babies

From birth to 1 year, if you are breastfeeding your baby they should have a daily supplement containing 8.5 to 10 micrograms of vitamin D.

This applies whether you are partially or exclusively breastfeeding, and whether you are taking a supplement containing vitamin D yourself.

Formula-fed babies

If your baby is having 500ml (about a pint) of formula milk a day, they do not need a vitamin D supplement as formula is already fortified with vitamin D and other nutrients.

Where can I buy vitamin D?

You can buy drops containing vitamin D for babies at pharmacies and supermarkets.

Read more about vitamins for babies and children.

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Read about how much vitamin D your baby should have and how to apply for free vitamins via Healthy Start.

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‘Great staff overall and service very kind and supportive’

'We have been very happy with the service we have been provided. All staff have been very kind and supportive.'

You said

‘More support should be given around feeding your baby. I was referred to a lactation specialist during pregnancy but this should be done routinely in my opinion. Also, make new Mums more aware of the need to feed regularly to avoid jaundice.’

We did

Parents are welcome to self refer to the feeding team via email but antenatal conversations and help with hand expressing are part of routine midwifery care.

You said

‘Despite doing the infant feeding class, I was unprepared and uninformed on how to manage a low milk supply or how a c section, stress, and PCOS can impact milk coming in.’

We did

Managing delayed milk onset, sleepy babies and preventing babies getting cold are discussed in the weekly antenatal WARMS session.

You said

‘I was completely forgotten about in the hospital- I would have to ask them for checks it was such a poor experience.'

We did

We have introduced routine well being rounds on the postnatal ward. This gives every new parent a friendly check in to discuss any questions or queries as well as a cup of tea and a biscuit.

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Supporting LGBT+ families

Whether you are thinking of starting a family or have children already by home insemination, fertility treatment, surrogacy, adoption, fostering. If you’re a single parent, couple, co-parent, poly family or a stepparent, all families are welcome.

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We are the LGBT Mummies organisation.

Our sole purpose is to support LGBT+ women & people globally on the path to motherhood or parenthood.
We provide guidance on the different family creation pathways through our website, social channels & support groups, whilst providing access to our global community to meet other like-minded families.

From providing guidance on fertility clinics & sperm banks, resources, connecting you to supporting organisations, brands, sharing studies, our private support groups, to celebrating & sharing your lived experiences & our annual events where families come together.

Whether you are thinking of starting a family or have children already
by home insemination, fertility treatment, surrogacy, adoption, fostering. Whether you're a single parent, couple,
co-parent, poly family or a stepparent, all families are welcome.

Our mission is to acquire true equity & equality for LGBT+ families to that of our heterosexual counterparts.

We passionately campaign for LGBT+ family equality & positive policy change. We do this through our ongoing recommendations, training & conversations with the Government, NHS, corporate & charitable organisations, to improve support for LGBT+ families across healthcare, law & society.

Through our educational arm, PROUD FOUNDATIONS, we provide education & training, consultancy services, speakers & project work to educate & enable organisations to better support our community by improving policies, guidelines & resources.

We work tirelessly to inspire people worldwide on their journey, whilst working to 'usualize' & celebrate our families in society, in turn creating a more inclusive future for our children.

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Support same sex families & LGBT women & people looking to start a family & providing a community space for lesbians, bisexuals, trans & non binary women & people

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Modified responsive feeding for vulnerable babies

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Modified responsive feeding for vulnerable babies

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Many vulnerable babies (small, preterm, unwell) take longer to establish effective breastfeeding.

They take the first part of the feed and fall asleep before they have completed the fatty, concentrated milk at the end of the feed. This can lead to:

Engorged breasts

Weight loss

Jaundice

Breast compressions help increase milk transfer.

Until you are sure your baby is feeding effectively, express after breastfeeds to collect the fatty milk and offer this to your baby by cup (your midwife will show you how).

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Modified responsive feeding for vulnerable babies

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Modified responsive feeding for vulnerable babies

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Many vulnerable babies (small, preterm, unwell) take longer to establish effective breastfeeding.

They take the first part of the feed and fall asleep before they have completed the fatty, concentrated milk at the end of the feed. This can lead to:

Engorged breasts

Weight loss

Jaundice

Breast compressions help increase milk transfer.

Until you are sure your baby is feeding effectively, express after breastfeeds to collect the fatty milk and offer this to your baby by cup (your midwife will show you how).

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Feed babies responsively to ensure they eat at least 8 -10 times in 24 hours

# data[].attributes.subject
Feed babies responsively to ensure they eat at least 8 -10 times in 24 hours

# data[].attributes.body
Babies will give cues when they are hungry and they will stop feeding when they are full. Responsive feeding is when you respond to yours and your baby's cues.

NEWBORN BABIES ARE TYPICALLY SLEEPY IN THE FIRST 24 HOURS AND THEN CLUSTER FEED FROM AROUND 24-72 HOURS. THIS IS NORMAL.

Responsive breast feeding is a reciprocal relationship that provides everything a baby needs for nutrition and protection but also supports the emotional needs of both mother and baby.

Respond to your baby's cues of hunger but also your body - wake baby and offer a feed if your breasts feel full.

Breastfeeding stimulates yours and your baby's happy hormone, Oxytocin. This is great for tiredness, pain, reassurance and bonding. YOU CANNOT OVERFEED A BREASTFED BABY!

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Coping when babies cry. Never shake a baby. 

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Coping when babies cry. Never shake a baby. 

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All babies cry. This is normal and peaks around 6 weeks.

Always meet your baby's needs:

feed

clean nappy

comfort

If all your baby's needs have been met and your baby's crying is overwhelming, it is ok to place your baby in a safe place and take a break. Click on the picture to find out more.

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Babies cry, you can cope When babies cry it can be stressful and overwhelming. Help is out there and all you need to do is ask. Latest news Testimonials

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Coping when babies cry. Never shake a baby. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Coping when babies cry. Never shake a baby. 

# data[].attributes.body
All babies cry. This is normal and peaks around 6 weeks.

Always meet your baby's needs:

feed

clean nappy

comfort

If all your baby's needs have been met and your baby's crying is overwhelming, it is ok to place your baby in a safe place and take a break. Click on the picture to find out more.

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Babies cry, you can cope When babies cry it can be stressful and overwhelming. Help is out there and all you need to do is ask. Latest news Testimonials

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Coping when babies cry. Never shake a baby. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Coping when babies cry. Never shake a baby. 

# data[].attributes.body
All babies cry. This is normal and peaks around 6 weeks.

Always meet your baby's needs:

feed

clean nappy

comfort

If all your baby's needs have been met and your baby's crying is overwhelming, it is ok to place your baby in a safe place and take a break. Click on the picture to find out more.

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Babies cry, you can cope When babies cry it can be stressful and overwhelming. Help is out there and all you need to do is ask. Latest news Testimonials

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Staff BFI feedback and suggestions for improvement

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Staff BFI feedback and suggestions for improvement

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We would love to hear your suggestions for how we can keep improving feeding and nurturing outcomes for parents and their babies. Would you mind taking 2 minutes to complete this form? Thank you!

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Easily create surveys and polls to collect customer feedback, measure employee satisfaction, and organize team events.

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Connecting with your unborn baby helps boost their brain development

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Connecting with your unborn baby helps boost their brain development

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Scroll across to the nurturing your baby column to discover more information about how to help your baby develop into a happy, confident and secure child who meets their full potential.

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It is easy to fall asleep when cuddling or feeding babies. Minimise risks:

Bed on lowest setting

Ask for help if you feel sleepy

Cuddle/ feed your baby lying down

Keep your curtains open

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Face to face feeding support is vital for optimising positioning and attachment - breastfeeding observation checklist

Switch feeding with breast compressions to resolve insufficient supply.

Protect baby well being. Protect breastmilk volumes.

ADVISE EXPRESSING AND OFFERING EBM AFTER BREASTFEEDS UNTIL FEEDING ISSUES EXPLORED AND RESOLVED.

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Complete a feeding update every time you support a new parent on the maternity ward, as part of a postnatal visit or support call.

The feeding update includes important tools to help you know if baby is feeding effectively or needs more help:

Feeding assessment

Breastfeeding observation checklist

Postnatal conversation

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Complete a feeding update whenever you support new parents in hospital, a postnatal appointment or as part of a support call.

The feeding update includes:

A feeding assessment

A breastfeeding observation checklist

Postnatal conversation (parent education)

These are useful tools to know if baby is feeding effectively if if more help is needed.

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Recognising if your baby becomes unwell after birth

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Recognising if your baby becomes unwell after birth

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Some babies can become unwell after birth. Click on the picture to help you identify what is normal and when you need to seek help.

If you have concerns about your baby's breathing, feeding, skin colour or temperature ask for help straight away.

At ASPH, babies are categorised according to pregnancy and birth risk factors that could cause an infection and make your baby unwell. We have a traffic light system:

Green - no risk factors

Amber - moderate risk factors (12 hours of observations)

Red - higher risk factors (24 hours of observations)

Staff will check your baby every 4 hours for 12-24 hours if they are at any risk so we ensure your baby is fit and well before you go home.

Staff will check your baby's:

Breathing

Pulse

Temperature

We have lots of specialised staff to help your baby get better if they do become unwell. They may require a course of antibiotics but we will do our best to keep you and your baby together throughout your hospital stay.

Babies who become unwell or who are born small or preterm are categorised as vulnerable babies as they typically take longer to establish feeding. Scroll across to the feeding and nurturing vulnerable babies column for more information.

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Recognising if your baby becomes unwell after birth

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Recognising if your baby becomes unwell after birth

# data[].attributes.body
Some babies can become unwell after birth. Click on the picture to help you identify what is normal and when you need to seek help.

If you have concerns about your baby's breathing, feeding, skin colour or temperature ask for help straight away.

At ASPH, babies are categorised according to pregnancy and birth risk factors that could cause an infection and make your baby unwell. We have a traffic light system:

Green - no risk factors

Amber - moderate risk factors (12 hours of observations)

Red - higher risk factors (24 hours of observations)

Staff will check your baby every 4 hours for 12-24 hours if they are at any risk so we ensure your baby is fit and well before you go home.

Staff will check your baby's:

Breathing

Pulse

Temperature

We have lots of specialised staff to help your baby get better if they do become unwell. They may require a course of antibiotics but we will do our best to keep you and your baby together throughout your hospital stay.

Babies who become unwell or who are born small or preterm are categorised as vulnerable babies as they typically take longer to establish feeding. Scroll across to the feeding and nurturing vulnerable babies column for more information.

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Take a look at our Multiples maternity webpage to meet the team and see what antenatal, birth and postnatal support we can offer you at Ashford and St Peter's Hospital.

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Ashford and St. Peter's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust serves a population of more than 410,000 people living in north Surrey.

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Click the tab to open our infant feeding guideline. This document underpins the practice to ensue we deliver high quality care for you and your baby

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How to know if your baby is getting enough milk

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How to know if your baby is getting enough milk

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Watch this short video on signs your baby is getting enough milk when breastfeeding.

Contact your Midwife or health care provider if have any concerns your baby is not feeding effectively.

Express and give additional breastmilk ensuring your baby feeds at least 8 times in 24 hours until you have sought some help and your baby is breastfeeding effectively.

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Weekly drop in WARMS sessions: learn how to keep babies well after birth

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Weekly drop in WARMS sessions: learn how to keep babies well after birth

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An antenatal class followed by 1:1 colostrum harvesting support.

Come along from 36 weeks to explore how to keep your baby warm and well after birth

Learn how to hand express

Learn how to store and transport your colostrum

Learn how to give your colostrum to your baby when they are born

Learn how to keep your baby warm in skin to skin

Have an opportunity to ask questions about feeding and nurturing your baby

Have an opportunity to get 1:1 practical support with collecting your colostrum

Pick up an expressing pack with syringes and labels

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WARMS project to keep babies well and warm after birth

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WARMS project to keep babies well and warm after birth

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When babies get cold and their blood sugars drop they are at increased risk of breathing difficulties. Skin to skin and early feeds plus colostrum 'desserts' and 'snacks' help keep babies well.

Immediate and continuous skin to skin for at least 1 hour is the warmest place for babies to be and gives babies time to adapt to their new environment.

If you feel unable to have skin to skin, your birth partner should have skin to skin.

Bring a hat and some blankets to cover your baby while in skin to skin.

Prolonged periods of skin to skin throughout the newborn period helps optimise responsive feeding, growth, bonding and brain development.

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Modified responsive feeding for vulnerable babies 

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Modified responsive feeding for vulnerable babies 

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Remember:

1. Vulnerable babies are not reliable feeders.

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Infant feeding training and education feedback form

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Infant feeding training and education feedback form

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Microsoft Forms is a web-based application that allows you to:

Create and share online surveys, quizzes, polls, and forms.

Collect feedback, measure satisfaction, test knowledge, and more.

Easily design your forms with various question types, themes, and branching logic.

Analyze your results with built-in charts and reports, or export them to Excel for further analysis.

Integrate Microsoft Forms with other Microsoft 365 apps, such as Teams, SharePoint, and OneDrive, so you can collaborate with others and access your forms from anywhere.

Explore templates

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Microsoft Forms - Free tool to create online surveys, forms, polls, and quizzes

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Use Microsoft Forms to easily create online surveys, forms, quizzes and questionnaires. AI powered, free survey tool from Microsoft.

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!!!!ALERT!!!! Recent research found that only 14.9% (11 out of 74) formula preparation machines produced a water temperature of ≥70°C compared with 78.3% (54 out of 69) kettle users

Click here to read this research and make informed choices

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Exclusively pumping or mix feeding families: you need to know...

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Exclusively pumping or mix feeding families: you need to know...

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1. Hold your baby close with plenty of eye contact during feeds. Closeness and comfort is important for you and your baby. You cannot 'spoil' a baby

2. Hold your baby upright and their bottle horizontal to prevent them from choking or over feeding. Watch this video to see paced bottle feeding.

3. Feed your baby responsively according to their cues and appetite including hunger cues and cues to have break/ finish feeding.

4. Clean and sterilise bottles before EVERY feed. Watch this video to learn how to clean and sterilise bottles.

5. Store expressed breastmilk for up to 8 days in the fridge and 6 hours at room temperature click here fore more information on breastmilk storage

7. Limit the number of people who feed your baby to you and one significant other. Make every feed a special time to bond with your baby.

9. Access help with feeding once you are home (community support group column)

Scroll down the column to find out everything you need to know.

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Everything you need to know about expressing and storing your breast milk, including tips on hand expressing and electric breast pumps, and how to freeze, defrost and warm breast milk.

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Breastfeeding families: you need to know...

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Breastfeeding families: you need to know...

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1. Closeness and comfort is important for you and your baby. You cannot 'spoil' a baby

2. Take time to position your baby using the CHINS acronym below to enable your baby to attach deeply for comfortable and effective breastfeeding

3. Understand responsive breastfeeding is about meeting yours and your baby's cues for feeding. You cannot overfeed a breastfed baby

4. Know how to hand express and give your expressed milk

5. Exclusive breastfeeding until you introduce solids around

6 months of age leads to the best health outcomes for you

and your baby

6. Know the signs your baby is getting enough milk. The number of wet and dirty nappies each day is important

7. Access help with feeding once you are home (community support group column)

Scroll down the column to find out everything you need to know.

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The practical skills review (PSR) ensures each staff member has the correct skills and knowledge to support families with infant feeding and relationship building,

PSR's are a mandatory part of maintaining BFI standards and results are collected, submitted and audited by BFI and are used to update and target staff education and training.

If a staff member requires additional support and training (<80% pass mark), they will be rebooked into the next available BFI training day.

Designated assessors can access this form to complete a 1:1 interview with each staff member.

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Benefits of collecting colostrum antenatally if you are considering formula feeding your baby

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Benefits of collecting colostrum antenatally if you are considering formula feeding your baby

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Collecting colostrum antenatally will not affect your long term feeding choices.

Newborn babies' stomachs are very small and are better suited to concentrated, small volumes of colostrum than large volumes of formula which can make them vomit.

Giving colostrum after birth lines your baby's gut with good bacteria with long term health benefits and instant protection from infections.

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Learn how to prevent term admissions to NICU (ATAIN) through listening to this short podcast on our award winning WARMS project.

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Preparing to feed and nurture your baby podcast

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Preparing to feed and nurture your baby podcast

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Nurturing and Feeding Recording Parent Version 03Aug2023.mp3

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Nurturing and Feeding Recording Parent Version 03Aug2023.mp3

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Preventing term admissions to NICU (ATAIN)

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Preventing term admissions to NICU (ATAIN)

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1. Keep babies warm in skin to skin. Cover with warm towels and put on a hat in theatre.

2. Feed babies within 1 hour of birth. Encourage feeds every 2-3 hours (colostrum snacks for sleepy babies).

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Click on the picture if your baby is admitted to NICU.

Discover more about how we can work together to care and nurture your baby until they are well enough to go home.

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Click on the picture to listen to the podcast and find out more about our WARMS project. Learn how parents and staff can work together to keep babies well after birth and prevent admissions to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

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Giving bottle feeding parents prescribed volumes in a feeding plan can lead to overfeeding.

We also have jaundice readmissions linked to underfeeding where parents have stuck to their prescribed volumes instead of increasing with baby's appetite.

Teach parents to respond to their baby's cues and appetite.

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How to know if your baby is getting enough milk

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How to know if your baby is getting enough milk

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Contact your Midwife or health care provider if have any concerns your baby is not feeding effectively.

Try smaller feeds more often or try a different shaped teat if your baby is not taking volumes that satisfy their appetite within 20-30 minutes.

Respond to your baby's cues of hunger and your baby's cues of wanting a break. It is important to hold the bottle correctly to enable your baby to pace themselves throughout the feed.

Remember every feed is a precious opportunity to cuddle and build a relationship with your baby to optimise their brain development. Hold them close with lots of eye contact during feeds.

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Is formula supplementation avoidable if your baby is reluctant to feed?

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Is formula supplementation avoidable if your baby is reluctant to feed?

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It is normal for babies to be sleepy in the first 24 hours and then to feed frequently from 24-72 hours.  Giving colostrum 'snacks' and 'desserts' until your milk comes in day 2-4 can help you feel more confident.

If your baby is not breastfeeding at all and you cannot collect any colostrum do not panic.
1. Keeping your baby in skin to skin helps your milk to flow
2. Self care: nutrition, hydration, rest, pain relief
3. Using a breast pump on the initiate (gentle) setting can help stimulate lactation
4. Ask a midwife to check your baby's observations and blood glucose until your baby is latching and/or you start collecting colostrum. We will help you make informed choices about your baby's well being and feeding options.

See the guide above to know whether or not formula is clinically indicated or avoidable.

Remember formula interferes with the gut microbiome with potential long term health consequences and can trigger an allergic response to cow's milk.

Follow your baby's cues and appetite if you are giving supplements of breastmilk or formula by cup or bottle.

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Cluster feeding is when babies space some feeds closer together at certain times of the day and go longer between feeds at other times.

This behaviour is NORMAL! It has nothing to do with your breastmilk or your parenting.

It is very common for babies to be fussy and nurse very often in the evenings, particularly in the early months but cluster feeding typically settles around 3-4 months.

Click on the graphics to learn more about cluster feeding and some tips and tricks to help settle your baby.

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By Kelly Bonyata, BS, IBCLC
It is very common for babies to be fussy and nurse very often in the evenings, particularly in the early months.
My daughter had a fussy time every evening for a couple of months (yes, it does go away!). I spent weeks camped out on the end of the sofa with a constantly nursing and/or fussy baby every evening from about 6 to 10 PM. With my son, we didn't have the luxury of being able to sit down. Alex was unhappy and crying unless he was upright and being walked around at this time of day (and sometimes this only helped him to be less unhappy). He would occasionally have a very fussy time during the day, too. Nursing rarely helped to calm his fussiness (unlike with my daughter), so I usually didn't have that tool to work with (though I always tried). His fussiness was such that I looked into other causes (such as food sensitivity), but we never determined any reason for it and he was all smiles the rest of the time. The fussiness gradually went away between 3 and 4 months, as is the norm, but the first few months were hard. Nowadays, the typical comment that I hear about him is "Is he always this happy?" So remember: this, too, will pass...

Cluster feeding, also called bunch feeding, is when babies space feeding closer together at certain times of the day and go longer between feedings at other times. This is very common, and often occurs in the evenings. It's often -but not always- followed by a longer sleep period than usual: baby may be "tanking up" before a long sleep. For example, your baby may nurse every hour (or even constantly) between 6 and 10 PM, then have a longish stretch of sleep at night - baby may even sleep all night.

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Cluster feeding often coincides with your baby's . Baby will nurse a few minutes, pull off, fuss/cry, nurse a few minutes, pull off, fuss/cry... on and on... for hours. This can be VERY frustrating, and mom starts wondering if baby is getting enough milk, if something she is eating is bothering baby, if EVERYTHING she is doing is bothering baby... It can really ruin your confidence, particularly if there is someone else around asking the same questions (your mother, your husband, your mother-in-law).

This behavior is NORMAL! It has nothing to do with your breastmilk or your mothering. If baby is happy the rest of the day, and baby doesn't seem to be in pain (as with colic) during the fussy time - just keep trying to soothe your baby and don't beat yourself up about the cause. Let baby nurse as long and as often as he will. Recruit dad (or another helper) to bring you food/drink and fetch things (book/remote/phone/etc.) while you are nursing and holding baby.

Does this mean that baby needs more milk than I can provide?

No. Don't give baby a bottle - supplementation will only tell your body that you need LESS milk at this time, and that will not help matters. Also, keep in mind that formula fed babies experience fussy periods in the evening, too - fussy evenings are common for all young babies, no matter how they are fed. The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine spells this out in their supplementary feeding guidelines:

There are common clinical situations where evaluation and breastfeeding management may be necessary, but supplementation is NOT INDICATED including... The infant who is fussy at night or constantly feeding for several hours.

Why do babies fuss in the evening?

One frequently-heard explanation for baby's fussiness in the evenings is that milk volume tends to be lower in the evening due to the natural cycling of hormones throughout the day. However, Dr. Peter Hartmann, a breastfeeding researcher, has said that in the women he has studied, milk volume is not low at this time of day. Even if milk volume is lower in the evening, fat content is typically higher in the evening (particularly if baby is allowed to control this via cue feeding), so the amount of calories that baby is getting should not be significantly different. Milk flow can be slower in the evening, which may be frustrating for some babies.

Doctors often attribute evening fussiness to baby's immature nervous system (and the fussiness does end as baby gets older, usually by 3-4 months). However, Dr. Katherine Dettwyler (who does research on breastfeeding in traditional societies) states that babies in Mali, West Africa and other traditional societies don't have colic or late afternoon/evening fussiness. These babies are carried all day and usually nurse several times each hour.

So perhaps none of these explanations is a complete answer to baby's evening fussiness. For many babies, the fussy time seems to be characterized by a need to have small quantities of milk at frequent intervals, combined with lots of holding, cuddling and movement. Babies who are offered as much expressed milk or formula as they will take by bottle [note: this practice will decrease your milk supply!] often behave in exactly the same way in the evenings. Baby takes a small amount and dozes (and fusses), then a little more, and so on. Perhaps babies "remember" mom being very active during her pregnancy at these times, and want to be held, rocked, and nurtured constantly again.
Perhaps babies simply need to nurse more often at this time - rather than consume more milk.
Soothing techniques for the fussy times

Wear baby in a sling or baby carrier. This will free one or both hands for other tasks (fixing dinner, caring for other children) while you hold, soothe and nurse your baby.

Change of pace. Let dad have some "baby time" while mom takes a shower or simply gets some time to herself to relax and regroup after a long day.

Go outside. Relax baby (and mom too) with a walk, or just sit and enjoy the outdoors. Try this a little before baby's regular fussy time.

Soothe with sound. Sing, hum, talk, murmur shhhh, listen to music, or use 'white noise.' Try different types of sound, different styles of music and singers with different types of voices.

Soothe with rhythmic motion. Walk, sway, bounce, dance, swing, or even try a car ride.

Soothe with touch. Hold or bathe baby, try baby massage.

Reduce stimulation. Dim lights, reduce noise, swaddle baby.

Vary nursing positions. Try side lying, lying on your back to nurse with baby tummy to tummy, etc.

Nurse in motion (while rocking, swaying, walking, etc.).

Combine rhythmic motion with soothing sounds.

Avoid scheduling, even more so in the fussy evening hours.

More soothing techniques.

More resources for fussy babies

@ KellyMom

@ other websites

Helpful books

The Happiest Baby on the Block: The New Way to Calm Crying and Help Your Baby Sleep Longer
by Harvey Karp, MD

The Fussy Baby Book: Parenting Your High-Need Child From Birth to Age Five
by William Sears, MD and Martha Sears, RN, IBCLC

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Cluster Feeding and Fussy Evenings * KellyMom.com

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It is very common for babies to be fussy and nurse very often in the evenings, particularly in the early months. My daughter had a fussy time every evening for a couple of months (yes, it does go away!).

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If you know what your breasts are usually like, you are more likely to notice any changes to them. This is called ‘breast awareness’. Breast awareness is important because some breast changes might be a sign of breast cancer.

Your breasts can change a lot during and after pregnancy and it can feel confusing to get to know them. Click on the picture to find out more about understanding your breasts, and feel more confident about checking them.

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Cup feeding encourages your baby to use their tongue and lower jaw in a similar way as they would when they are breastfeeding. Your baby will lap the milk from the cup and this helps to avoid nipple confusion.

Click on the picture to watch this video on how to cup feed safely.

We ask that a member of staff has helped you cup feed your baby the first time and that you have signed a parent guide and competency to cup feeding document which can be downloaded from the Badgernet app.

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If a small baby is able to swallow but not yet able to feed well enough from the breast, the mother can feed her baby by cup. This video shows how to feed a baby safely using a small cup, as well as a spoon, a paladai, and a Nifty cup.

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Cup Feeding - Video - Global Health Media Project

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If a small baby is able to swallow but not yet able to feed well enough from the breast, the mother can feed her baby by cup. This video shows how to feed a baby safely using a small cup, as well as a spoon, a paladai, and a Nifty cup.

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Modified responsive bottle feeding: A GRADUAL progression

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Modified responsive bottle feeding: A GRADUAL progression

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It can take some vulnerable and preterm babies weeks to build strength and stamina to fully feed responsively. Follow this guide to help them move forwards safely from birth:

Learn how to safely clean and sterilise bottles

Make fully informed, unbiased choices on formula milks at First Steps Nutrition Trust. It is important your choices are not influenced by marketing and advertising.

Ensure baby feeds at least every 2-3 hours. Wake baby for feeds if sleepy. They may temporarily need a nasogastric tube if they do not wake for feeds.

Watch THIS VIDEO to learn how to pace bottles feeds responsively holding baby upright and bottle horizontally.

Sometimes side lying bottle feeding is temporarily indicated to help baby pace feeds safely. Click on the bold and underlined links to learn how.

Watch for stress signs during feeds . Pause or stop the feed and put baby back in kangaroo care. Complete the feed by nasogastric tube (“Top Up”). It’s important to respond to these signs to make sure feeding is safe and a positive experience for your baby.

Grimacing

Arching

Finger splaying

Crying

Dribbling

Colour changes around the face

Drop in Oxygen levels (“sats”)

Loss of alertness, falls asleep

Hiccup or sneezing

Follow the advice in the table above to guide whether or not a top up is required or your baby has bottle fed well for that feed.

Respond to your baby's cues and appetite.  You may have been recommended a target volume per feed but some babies feed little and often while others want more than the recommended volume.

Looking for signs of effective feeding with wet and dirty nappies etc (see how to know if baby is feeding well)

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Modified responsive breastfeeding: A GRADUAL progression

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Modified responsive breastfeeding: A GRADUAL progression

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It can take some vulnerable and preterm babies weeks to build strength and stamina to fully feed responsively. Follow this guide to help them move forwards safely from birth:

Ensure baby feeds at least every 2-3 hours. Wake baby for feeds if sleepy. They may temporarily need a nasogastric tube if they do not wake for feeds.

Until your milk 'comes in' give additional colostrum 'desserts' even if you baby appears to have breastfed well.

Stimulate and maximise lactation by using a breast pump as soon as possible after birth, ideally within 2 hours of birth. Watch THIS VIDEO to learn how to use the breast pump.

Offer your breast at every feed for up to 10 minutes if your baby is sleepy or up to 30 minutes if your baby attaches to the breast

Until your baby starts gaining weight express and offer a top up after every feed:

!!!!UNTIL YOU ARE SURE PLEASE GIVE MORE!!!

Once your milk is plentiful and your baby is gaining weight start following the advice in the table above to guide whether or not a top up is required or your baby has breastfed well for that feed.

Offer any supplementation by cup feed as demonstrated in this video Make sure a member of staff has supported you with this and you feel confident before cup feeding independently.

Respond to your baby's cues and appetite.  You may have been recommended a target volume per feed but some babies feed little and often while others want more than the recommended volume.

Looking for signs of effective feeding with wet and dirty nappies etc (see how to know if baby is feeding well)

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Combine hand expressing to collect your colostrum and using a breastpump to stimulate lactation

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Combine hand expressing to collect your colostrum and using a breastpump to stimulate lactation

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NHSGGC - Supporting early expressing when your baby is on the neonatal unit

Click on the picture above to watch a video on why and how to start expressing for your vulnerable baby.

Aim to combine hand expressing and using a breast pump within 2 hours of birth and then at least 8 times in 24 hours including once overnight.

Sometimes breastmilk production can be delayed following a preterm birth or if you become unwell. Keep stimulating your breasts with a breast pump even if you don't collect anything at all for a few days.

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NHSGGC - Supporting early expressing when your baby is on the neonatal unit

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nhsggc using the breastpump - Google Search

Cleaning and storing:

Watch this video to learn how to clean and store your Medela breastpump kit

Assembling:

Watch this video to learn how to assemble your Medela breastpump kit

Colostrum phase:

Watch this video to learn how to use the Initiate setting while you are stimulating lactation or you are expressing colostrum in the early days

Once your milk 'comes in'

Watch this video to learn how to use the Maintain setting once your colostrum transitions to breastmilk and starts to flow when you express.

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Collect your colostrum from 36 weeks gestation. 

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Collect your colostrum from 36 weeks gestation. 

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Ask your midwife or drop into our community feeding support groups to get syringes and labels.

Express 2-3 times a day for 10-15 mins at a time. If hand expressing is painful or you have any concerns, stop and come to a community support group for advice.

Braxton Hicks (a tightening and relaxing of your womb) is normal when collecting colostrum antenatally. Rarely these turn into period type cramps or mild labour contractions. If this happens, you should stop expressing and rest. If you think you might be in labour, you should telephone the Call a Midwife line on 0300 123 5473

Colostrum typically comes in tiny quantities. Some people cannot collect anything antenatally and this is normal.

You can add to the same syringe throughout the day and then label and freeze it at bedtime. Keep the syringe in the fridge between expressions during the day.

If your colostrum comes in larger quantities try expressing into a cup and storing your milk in sterile expressing bags. milk.

Once colostrum has thawed it must be used within 24 hours. Transport your colostrum to hospital using icepacks and ask for your colostrum to be stored in the hospital freezer until your baby is born.

See the video below to learn how to hand express

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How to give your expressed colostrum to your baby

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How to give your expressed colostrum to your baby

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Learning how to position your baby to enable them to latch deeply is the best way to get breastfeeding off to the best start. Breastfeeding is a learnt skill for you and your baby and can take time to get the hang of.

While you and your baby are learning, giving colostrum 'desserts' after breastfeeds or 'snacks' every 2-3 hours if your baby is sleepy can help prevent jaundice, weight loss and readmission to hospital even if your baby appears to be breastfeeding well.

Click on the picture to watch a video on how to give your colostrum to your baby.

Follow the simple plans below to use your colostrum in the early days.

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Collect your colostrum from 36 weeks gestation. 

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Collect your colostrum from 36 weeks gestation. 

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Ask your midwife or drop into our community feeding support groups to get syringes and labels.

Express 2-3 times a day for 10-15 mins at a time. If hand expressing is painful or you have any concerns, stop and come to a community support group for advice.

Braxton Hicks (a tightening and relaxing of your womb) is normal when collecting colostrum antenatally. Rarely these turn into period type cramps or mild labour contractions. If this happens, you should stop expressing and rest. If you think you might be in labour, you should telephone the Call a Midwife line on 0300 123 5473

Colostrum typically comes in tiny quantities. Some people cannot collect anything antenatally and this is normal.

You can add to the same syringe throughout the day and then label and freeze it at bedtime. Keep the syringe in the fridge between expressions during the day.

If your colostrum comes in larger quantities try expressing into a cup and storing your milk in sterile expressing bags. milk.

Once colostrum has thawed it must be used within 24 hours. Transport your colostrum to hospital using icepacks and ask for your colostrum to be stored in the hospital freezer until your baby is born.

See the videos below to learn how to hand express and how to give your expressed colostrum to your baby safely.

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Switch feeding to help increase your milk supply and milk transfer during feeds

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Switch feeding to help increase your milk supply and milk transfer during feeds

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Watch this video to learn how to increase your milk supply and increase milk transfer during feeds.

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Get more information about dummy use here.

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Can dummies affect breastfeeding?

Sucking is a powerful reflex that babies have in the weeks after they're born. Babies don't just get nutrition from their mother's milk when they breastfeed - breastfeeding also satisfies their sucking instinct.

Babies who are not able to breastfeed for whatever reason, might satisfy their sucking instincts by using dummies (Cinar, 2003). Yet any substitute for sucking the breast can put the relationship between the breast and the baby at risk. That's especially true for a baby who has not yet mastered breastfeeding (La Leche League GB, 2019).

When can dummies be used for babies?

Research suggests that it's best to avoid dummies in the first weeks after birth. That's because they're associated with shorter duration of exclusive breastfeeding (Adair, 2003; Kronborg and Vaeth, 2009). Some studies say this is caused by sucking confusion but other studies disagree with this idea (Newman, 1990; Howard et al, 1999).

After breastfeeding is established, dummies can be used. Evidence shows dummies used for healthy babies who are breastfed don't significantly affect the proportion of babies who exclusively breastfeed at three months (Jaafar et al, 2011). So the use of dummies should be limited to soothing babies after breastfeeding is well established (Adair, 2003; Horne et al, 2014).

Does a dummy reduce the risk of SIDS?

Many studies have suggested dummy use and breastfeeding are important factors for preventing cot death (also known as SIDS [sudden infant death syndrome]) (Hauck et al, 2005; Alm et al, 2016).

It's unclear how dummies might protect against SIDS or even if they do actually reduce the risk of SIDS at all (Horne et al, 2014; Blair et al, 2019).

Experts do not specifically recommend using dummies to protect babies from SIDS (Fleming et al, 1999). That's because even studies that reported a remarkable reduction of SIDS with dummy use still say that actually recommending dummies is open to debate (Mitchell et al, 2006). Any association between using dummies and reduced risk of SIDS could be down to lots of other factors, for example:

Dummies might prevent babies from rolling onto their front.

Sucking on a dummy may keep babies' tongues forward.

A baby that sucks on a dummy might be more still at night, so less likely to become covered by blankets.

Parents may check on their baby more frequently if their baby has a dummy (Grocock, 2018; Ball, 2019).

What are the advantages of a dummy?

The main advantage of babies having dummies is that they can satisfy their sucking instincts if they're not breastfed. Using dummies can calm babies and help them to fall asleep (Cinar, 2004). Dummies can also be used to sooth babies at other times, for example to help reduce pain during hospital procedures (Adair, 2003; Horne et al, 2014).

As discussed above, another advantage could be that dummies might protect against SIDS although more evidence is needed (Horne et al, 2014).

What are the disadvantages of using a dummy?

Using dummies can be helpful and convenient but there are some disadvantages. The most important concern is that use of dummies can decrease how often as well as how long babies are breastfed for (Adair 2003; Kronborg and Vaeth 2009; Horne et al 2014).

Another disadvantage of using dummies is that they might also transport bacteria and fungus, which can increase the rate of infections, particularly otitis media - middle ear infection (Uhari et al, 1996; Adair, 2003; Rovers et al, 2008). Mums whose babies used dummies reported more episodes of coughs, wheezing, earache, diarrhoea and gastroenteritis among babies up to six months old (North et al, 1999).

Dummies might also affect how baby teeth grow (Larsson, 1994).

Are dummies bad for baby teeth?

Some studies have found harmful effects on the way teeth grow if dummies are used for a long time (Larsson, 1994). Effects of dummies on baby teeth include overbite, malocclusion, cross bite and open bite (Poyak, 2006).

Using an orthodontic or flat dummy is much better for your baby's teeth, so that can help. These dummies are much better designed than dummies were in the past (Levrini et al, 2007).

It's also suggested that parents wean their children off dummies by two years old and discontinue using them before they turn three (Poyak, 2006).

One mum, Helen, says: "My little boy had started sucking his thumb and I thought an orthodontic dummy has got to be better than that because at least one day I can take it away."

Tips on how and when to stop your baby from using a dummy

If you think using a dummy is affecting breastfeeding (fewer daily feeds, weight gain affected, or difficulties in attaching to the breast) or if you want to wean a younger baby from a dummy, you could try the following:

1. If the dummy is being used as a sleep cue, then introducing a different sleep cue can help.

2. Give extra attention to your baby by cuddling or nursing instead.

3. Try different ways to soothe your baby, such as carrying them in your arms or a sling, or increasing skin-to-skin contact with them. This helps them to feel better.

4. You could restrict your baby's dummy use to certain times only, such as in the car.

5. Rewards might work better for an older child - your local children's centre or health visitor can offer support with this. Some areas even have 'dummy fairies' at Christmas.

6. Try picking a good time to stop using a dummy - when your child is feeling well, things are stable and they're happy.

7. Have a go at hiding the dummy away so your child doesn't see it.

(Cinhar, 2004; Huffington Post, 2015)
This page was last reviewed in July 2018.
Further information

Our support line offers practical and emotional support with feeding your baby and general enquiries for parents, members and volunteers: 0300 330 0700.

You might find attending one of NCT's Early Days groups helpful as they give you the opportunity to explore different approaches to important parenting issues with a qualified group leader and other new parents in your area.

Make friends with other parents-to-be and new parents in your local area for support and friendship by seeing what NCT activities are happening nearby.

Adair SM. (2003) Pacifier use in children: a review of recent literature. Pediatric Dentistry. 25(5):449-458.

Alm B, Wennergren G, Molborg P, Lagercrantz H. (2016) Breastfeeding and dummy use have a protective effect on sudden infant death syndrome. Acta Pardiatrica. 105: 31-38. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5049485/ [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Ball, H. (2019) Dummies, baby sleep info source. University of Durham. Available at: https://www.basisonline.org.uk/hcp-dummies/[Accessed 19 September 2019]

Cinar ND. (2004) The advantages and disadvantages of pacifier use. Contemporary Nurse. 17:1-2, 109-112. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.5172/conu.17.1-2.109 [Accessed 19th September 2019]

La Leche League GB. (2019) Dummies and breastfeeding. Available at: https://www.laleche.org.uk/dummies-and-breastfeeding/ [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Fleming PJ, Blair PS, Pollard K, Platt W, Leach C, Smith I, et al. (1999) Pacifier use and sudden infant death syndrome: results from the CESDI/SUDI case control study. Arch Dis Child. 81(2):112-116. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1718026/ [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Grocock R, Robertson C, Brown N. (2018) Dummies: a review of the evidence; Journal of Health Visiting. 6(4). Available at: https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/full/10.12968/johv.2018.6.4.182 [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Hauck FR, Omojokun OO, Siadaty Ms. Do pacifiers reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome? A meta-analysis. Paediatrics. 116(5):e716-e723. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16216900 [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Howard CR, Howard FM, Lanphear B, deBlieck EA, Eberly S, Lawrence RA. (1999) The effects of early pacifier use on breastfeeding duration. Pediatrics. 103(3):e33. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10049989 [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Horne RSC, Hauck FR, Moon RY, L'Hoir MP, blair PS. (2014) Dummy (pacifier) use and sudden infant death syndrome: Potential advantages and disadvantages. J Paediatrics Child Health. 50:170-174.

Huffington Post. (2015) 9 Ways to wean your baby off the dummy. Available at: https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/08/14/9-ways-to-wean-your-baby-off-the-dummy_n_7336610.html [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Jaafar SH, Jahanfar S, Angolkar M, Ho JJ. (2011) Pacifier use versus no pacifier use in breastfeeding term infants for increasing duration of breastfeeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. (3):CD007202. https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD007202.pub2/full [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Kronborg H, Vaeth M. (2009) How are effective breastfeeding technique and pacifier use related to breastfeeding problems and breastfeeding duration. BIRTH. 36:1. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1523-536X.2008.00293.x [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Larsson E. (1994) Artificial sucking habits: etiology, prevalence and effect on occlusion. Int J Orofacial Myology. 20:10-21. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9055659 [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Levrini L, Merlo P, Paracchini L. (2007) Different geometric patterns of pacifiers compared on the basis of finite element analysis. European J Paediatric Dentistry. 8(4):173-178. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18163851 [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Mitchell EA, Blair PS, L'Hoir MP. (2006) Should pacifiers be recommended to prevent sudden infant death syndrome? Pediatrics. 117(5):1755-1758 Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16651334 [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Newman J. (1990) Breastfeeding problems associated with the early introduction of bottles and pacifiers. J Hum Lact. 6(2):59-63. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2346601 [Accessed 19th September 2019]

North K, Fleming P, Golding J. (1999) Pacifier use and morbidity in the first six months of life. Pediatrics. 103: E34. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10049990 [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Poyak J. (2006) Effects of pacifiers on early oral development. Int J Orthod Milwaukee. 17(4):13-6. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17256438 [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Rovers MM, Numans ME, Langenbach E, Grobbee DE, Verheij TJ, Schilder AG. (1999) Is pacifier use a risk factor for acute otitis media? A dynamic cohort study. Fam Pract. 2008 Aug;25(4):233-6. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18562333 [Accessed 19th September 2019]

Uhari M, Mantysaari K, Niemela. (1996) A meta-analytic review of the risk factors for acute otitis media. Clin Infect Dis. 22(6): 1079-83. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8783714 [Accessed 19th September 2019]

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Dummies, pros and cons: your dummy questions answered | Baby & toddler, Your baby's health articles & support | NCT

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Whether it's to do with breastfeeding, teeth or SIDS, here are some things to consider when deciding whether to give your child a dummy.

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Click on this article for advice on relactation if you decide to switch to breastfeeding.

Come along to our feeding support groups for face to face support and advice on achieving your feeding goals.

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RESUMING BREASTFEEDING AFTER AN INTERRUPTION

The good news is relactation is possible. It requires time, patience, determination and a cooperative baby! Whether you stopped breastfeeding due a medical procedure, separation from baby, or simply bad advice, many individuals find they can rebuild a milk supply successfully. Providing human milk for a newly adopted baby is also a relactation opportunity.

Sometimes, relactation produces enough breastmilk to supply all of baby's needs. Other times, supplementation may still be needed. We recommend the following strategies for relactation and induced lactation to stimulate milk production:

Hand express or pump at least eight to twelve times per day for 20-30 minutes, including at night

Give expressed/pumped milk and supplements in a cup, or use an at-breast supplementer

If baby will latch on - put them to your breast before and after each feeding

Put baby to your breast for comfort between feedings as often as possible instead of using a dummy/pacifier - it will help build your milk supply

Get support from your local LLL group/Leader - find local support here

Accept any offers of support with shopping, housework etc

It's important to empty your breasts completely and frequently. Not only will it increase supply, it will also help avoid breast infections or plugged ducts.

If you do use herbs or medications to increase your supply, be sure to consult a lactation-focused health care professional about your specific medical history as well as your breastfeeding goals.

Remember - breastfeeding is not just about the milk. Baby will get immune benefits from skin-to-skin contact. Every drop of human milk is important.

lll sUPPORT

This Find local LLL support La Leche League Facebook group offers support to those inducing lactation and wanting to relactate (use this group for all other questions about breastfeeding).
here.

RESOURCES

LLLGB Relactation and Induced Lactation Article
LLL Greece Relactation Guide
Borstvoedingorganisatie La Leche League Relacteren Artikel
La Leche League Italia È Possibile Rilattare? Articolo
My Relacation Story - from South Africa
LLL USA Induced Lactation and Relactation Article
Drip-Drop Feeding Technique
Feed The Baby: Building A Milk Supply
Volver al pecho
The Baby Who Doesn't Nurse
Suplementación al pecho
At-Breast Supplementer Nursing
Breastfeeding An Adopted Baby
Breastfeeding Without Giving Birth

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Relactation - La Leche League International

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RESUMING BREASTFEEDING AFTER AN INTERRUPTION The good news is relactation is possible. It requires time, patience, determination and a cooperative baby! Whether you stopped breastfeeding due a medical procedure, separation from baby, or simply bad advice, many individuals find they can rebuild a milk supply successfully.

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Click here to watch THIS VIDEO

Learn how to put together and clean your kits for the Medela breast pump

Learn how to use the INITIATE SETTING (while you have colostrum) and the MAINTAIN SETTING (when your milk volumes increase around day 2-4

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Click on the picture above to find out more about BFI and what it means for you and your baby.

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LATEST NEWS AND RESOURCES

Unaffordable infant formula price rises

Recommendations for the UK Government

LEARN MORE ABOUT THE CODE

UNICEF UK's Baby Friendly Initiative has made a real difference in giving our staff the skills and confidence to change the conversation about breastfeeding and early relationship building with parents... Together we can ensure that every single mother and baby receives the very best possible care, at a point in their lives where the information and support we provide will have a profound effect on their future health and development.

Ellie Elkins, Infant Feeding Lead for West Sussex, Sussex Community NHS Foundation Trust

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The Unicef UK Baby Friendly Initiative supports breastfeeding and parent infant relationships by working with public services to improve standards of care.

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Cleaning and storing:
Watch this video to learn how to clean and store your Ardo breastpump kit

Assembling:
Watch this video to learn how to assemble your Ardo breastpump kit

Colostrum phase:
Watch this video to learn how to use the Ardo breastpump. While you are stimulating lactation or you are expressing colostrum in the early days keep the vacuum LOW and the frequency HIGH.

Once your milk 'comes in'
Watch this video to learn how to use the Ardo breastpump. Once your colostrum transitions to breastmilk and starts to flow when you express adjust the vacuum and frequency for  comfort to enable your breasts to drain and soften within 20-30 minutes.

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How to give, minimise and wean off any supplementation 

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How to give, minimise and wean off any supplementation 

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Formula supplementation can be required if:

Your baby is sleepy, unwell or small

Your milk is delayed or slow to increase  (blood loss, unwell, separation, stress)

Avoid and minimise and wean off formula supplementation by:

Waking baby for feeds at least every 2-3 hours

Giving additional colostrum 'desserts' and 'snacks' every 2-3 hours

Stimulating lactation by using a breast pump as soon as possible after birth if your baby is sleepy, unwell or small. Watch a video to learn how to use the ardo breastpump and the medela breastpump

Following the advice in this video which shows you how to compress your breast and switch between breasts to maximise milk transfer during breast feeds.

If your baby is not satisfied within 30-40 minutes of breastfeeding and we are concerned about weightloss or insufficient wet or dirty nappies a top up may be clinically indicated.

Offering any expressed breastmilk first and gradually replacing any formula with breastmilk.

Offering any supplementation by cup feed as demonstrated in this video Make sure a member of staff has supported you with this and you feel confident before cup feeding independently.

Responding to your baby's cues and appetite.  You may have been recommended a target volume per feed but some babies feed little and often while others want more than the recommended volume.

Following the table above to know whether a top up is required or your baby has breastfed well for that feed.

Looking for signs of effective feeding with wet and dirty nappies etc (above).

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How to know if your baby is getting enough milk

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How to know if your baby is getting enough milk

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Watch this short video on signs your baby is getting enough milk when breastfeeding.

Contact your Midwife or health care provider if have any concerns your baby is not feeding effectively.

Express and give additional breastmilk ensuring your baby feeds at least 8 times in 24 hours until you have sought some help and your baby is breastfeeding effectively.

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How to attach your baby for breastfeeding

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How to attach your baby for breastfeeding

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A deep latch is important for your baby to drink milk effectively and avoid pain or discomfort for you.

Attend feeding support groups until you and your baby are latching confidently.

Watch this video to see how to attach your baby deeply. Also available in multiple languages.

Download this leaflet for breastfeeding advice in multiple languages

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Self referral for antenatal conversation about feeding and nurturing

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Self referral for antenatal conversation about feeding and nurturing

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Have you had a previous tricky feeding journey or  had a baby who required phototherapy?

Are you anticipating a feeding journey where you could benefit from additional help? - maternal diabetes, multiple birth, caesarean section, small for gestational age, breast surgery?

email the feeding team on asp-tr.infant-feeding@nhs.net
to arrange a one to one conversation to discuss your feeding choices and make a proactive plan to help achieve your feeding goals.

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Baby feeding cues - Breastfeeding in Sheffield

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Recognise and respond to your baby's early feeding cues

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Recognise and respond to your baby's early feeding cues

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Click on the picture to discover more about recognising and responding to your baby's feeding cues.

Feeding babies when they show early cues enables feeds to remain calm and effective.

Top tip:

Change your baby's nappy after they have fed if they are showing feeding cues.

Changing a baby's nappy is a good way to wake a sleepy baby up if they are not showing feeding cues.

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Uninterrupted skin to skin after birth enables best feeding and nurturing outcomes

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Uninterrupted skin to skin after birth enables best feeding and nurturing outcomes

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Whenever possible we recommend you have at least 1 hour uninterrupted skin to skin with your baby after birth.

This is to protect time for bonding, gets feeding off to the best start and gives best outcomes for mother and baby well being.

Watch THIS VIDEO to see the benefits of uninterrupted skin to skin after birth

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Connecting with your unborn baby helps boost their brain development

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Connecting with your unborn baby helps boost their brain development

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Scroll across to the nurturing your baby column to discover more information about how to help your baby develop into a happy, confident and secure child who meets their full potential.

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Breastfeeding has health benefits for you and your baby 

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Breastfeeding has health benefits for you and your baby 

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Click on the picture above to explore the reasons why breastfeeding is recommended.

Exclusive breastfeeding is advised for the fist 6 months of your baby's life and then to continue alongside solids for as long as you and your baby so wish.

Every drop of breastmilk is packed with immune boosting protection and collecting your colostrum antenatally is therefore advised for all babies however you choose to feed them once they are born.

Scroll across to the breastfeeding research and benefits column to find out more.

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A mothers story:

I knew I wanted to breastfeed my baby. I knew it was natural. So I was surprised when baby James and I could not seem to get the hang of it. I phoned a Breastfeeding Supporter. She gave us some good ideas about how I was sitting and holding James. But most of all it was good to have someone to talk to."

There are many reasons to breastfeed, but the simplest and most obvious one is "because you want to!" Your breasts have evolved to produce food for your baby, and if you want to use them for that purpose, you don't need any other explanation. However, breastmilk is amazing, and some of the other great reasons for breastfeeding are described below.

Breastfeeding supports bonding, parenting and your baby's development

Breastfeeding releases lots of a hormone called oxytocin (sometimes nicknamed "the love hormone") in your baby and you. This helps you to form a loving bond, feel calm, relaxed and happy. It also helps your baby's brain to grow and develop, which happens at an incredible pace in the first months of life. It is impossible to overfeed a breastfed baby, so breastfeeding can be used to sooth your baby, help them sleep, spend time together or rest whenever you want. Breastfeeding is a two-way relationship that supports both you and your baby emotionally.

You can learn more about this on these pages:

UNICEF leaflet: Building a happy baby, a guide for parents

UNICEF video: Breastfeeding and relationships in the early days

Parent-Infant Foundation: The first 1001 days

Health

Department of Health guidance states breastfeeding is the healthiest way to feed your baby. Exclusive breastfeeding (giving your baby breast milk only) is recommended for around the first six months (26 weeks) of your baby's life. After that, giving your baby breast milk alongside other food will help them continue to grow and develop. The World Health Organisation (WHO) and UNICEF recommend breastfeeding alongside other foods to age two and beyond.

Breastmilk contains all the nutrients your baby needs for the first six months. It is much more than just food: it is also a living fluid, full of antibodies and other bioactive factors that strengthen your baby's developing immune system, providing protection against infection, and other factors which help them digest nutrients. These living components are not found in infant formula.

You can read more about the many different components of breastmilk on this NHS page and also visit www.human-milk.com for lots more information.
Not breastfeeding increases various health risks for both mother and baby.
Babies who are not breastfed have an increased risk of:

infections, with more visits to hospital as a result

diarrhoea and vomiting, with more visits to hospital as a result

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

obesity

cardiovascular disease in adulthood

Mothers who do not breastfeed have an increased risk of:

breast cancer

ovarian cancer

osteoporosis (weak bones)

cardiovascular disease

obesity

You can read more about how breastfeeding is linked to health on the NHS website.

Cost

You don't have to pay for breastmilk and breastfeeding does not usually need any special equipment. The cost of exclusively feeding infant formula for six months and continuing to provide it alongside other food until 12 months ranges from approximately £33 a month for the cheapest available powdered infant formula to around £80 a month for one of the most widely available brands ( First Steps Nutrition, data from November 2022. Note; all first infant formula sold in the UK is nutritionally equivalent. There is no need to purchase a more expensive brand). In addition, formula feeding requires bottles and teats which must be sterilised in between each use, and powdered infant formula must be mixed with boiled water that is at least 70 degrees C. Infant formula can also be purchased in pre-mixed cartons, which are more convenient, but these are much more expensive than powdered infant formula.

Breastfeeding mothers may choose to use a breast pump and bottles to feed expressed milk, to wear special breastfeeding clothes or to buy breastfeeding pillows or other accessories. These things can be helpful, but it is usually possible to breastfeed without them.

Convenience

Breastmilk is always available immediately, at the correct temperature, with no preparation required, at any time of day or night. It doesn't need to be mixed, heated or cooled, it doesn't go off in the breast and it won't be wasted if your baby decides they only want a small feed.  At night-time, you can breastfeed without getting out of bed!

Breastfeeding may feel challenging at first, and to begin with you may feel like you can only do it in a particular place, but once they get the hang of it, many mums find they can breastfeed almost anywhere, and whilst doing other activities.

Of course, breastfeeding means that you will be the only one who is able to breastfeed your baby, and this can sometimes feel overwhelming. However, even if you bottle-feed, UNICEF says that babies feel more secure if feeds are only given by the main caregivers, which helps them to bond. Once breastfeeding is established, some parents decide to introduce an occasional bottle, which can be expressed breastmilk, to give the mother more flexibility to be away from her baby for short periods of time. See our page on introducing a bottle for more information.

Environment

Breastmilk is the ultimate sustainable food. Breastfeeding has a very small carbon footprint compared to formula feeding. Infant formula is made from cows milk which must be processed, packaged, transported, stored and fed using bottles. Breastfeeding doesn't generate any waste. You can read more about this here.

Culture

Breastfeeding is more common in some cultures and communities than others. You may want to breastfeed because it is the norm in your community or cultural setting. By contrast, some mums may choose not to breastfeed, or may find breastfeeding challenging, because it is not so common within their community. However, there are breastfeeding support groups in most places in the UK which let you socialise in a place where breastfeeding is normal. These groups can give you practical and emotional support to help you continue breastfeeding. Check out our local groups here or contact the National Breastfeeding Helpline to find a group local to you.

Speak to a registered Breastfeeding Supporter

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Why breastfeed? - The Breastfeeding Network

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A mothers story: I knew I wanted to breastfeed my baby. I knew it was natural. So I was surprised when baby James and I could not seem to get the hang of it. I phoned a Breastfeeding Supporter. She gave us some good ideas about how I was sitting and holding James.

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Recognising if your baby becomes unwell after birth

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Recognising if your baby becomes unwell after birth

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Some babies can become unwell after birth. Click on the picture to help you identify what is normal and when you need to seek help.

If you have concerns about your baby's breathing, feeding, skin colour or temperature ask for help straight away.

At ASPH, babies are categorised according to pregnancy and birth risk factors that could cause an infection and make your baby unwell. We have a traffic light system:

Green - no risk factors

Amber - moderate risk factors (12 hours of observations)

Red - higher risk factors (24 hours of observations)

Staff will check your baby every 4 hours for 12-24 hours if they are at any risk so we ensure your baby is fit and well before you go home.

Staff will check your baby's:

Breathing

Pulse

Temperature

We have lots of specialised staff to help your baby get better if they do become unwell. They may require a course of antibiotics but we will do our best to keep you and your baby together throughout your hospital stay.

Babies who become unwell or who are born small or preterm are categorised as vulnerable babies as they typically take longer to establish feeding. Scroll across to the feeding and nurturing vulnerable babies column for more information.

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Whatever your feeding choice, feeding is a learned skill for you and your baby. Positioning your baby correctly enables them to feed more effectively avoiding pain for you and maximising milk transfer for them.

Click on the picture to watch a series of videos to help you learn how to get feeding off to the best start.

Some babies take longer to learn how to feed effectively. Scroll across to the how to collect and give colostrum to your baby column to learn how to collect and safely give your colostrum to your baby until your milk comes in around day 2-4 and you and your baby feel confident.

We recommend your baby has colostrum 'snacks' every 2-3 hours from birth if they are sleepy or taking longer to learn how to latch effectively.

Scroll across the Padlet to ensure you know how to get feeding off to the best start however you choose to feed your baby.

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Wondering what breastfeeding is really like? How do people breastfeed when they're out and about? What should you do if breastfeeding hurts? Can you still breastfeed if you're going back to work?

We developed From Bump to Breastfeeding to highlight the  benefits of breastfeeding  , while being honest about the challenges. Research shows that 90% of women who stop before six months regret doing so, and many stop only through lack of information and support, so we're here to provide help on how to breastfeed and breastfeeding tips for anyone who's finding it difficult.

Watch our breastfeeding videos following the journey of 4 mums who decided to breastfeed their babies. The videos tell you everything you ever wanted to know about having a happy breastfeeding experience, and our honest, straight-talking mums bust myths and tell it like it is.
Where can I watch the videos? Why breastfeeding is great for you and your baby:

Makes you feel close to your baby as you both produce the love hormone oxytocin

Boosts your baby's immunity

Helps to prevent sickness and diarrhoea

Helps prevent diabetes

Reduces obesity

Breast milk supports your baby's brain development

Reduces risk of sudden infant death syndrome

Always available - especially in the middle of the night!

Helps you lose weight

Helps to prevent breast and ovarian cancers

Gives you the freedom to go out and about

Mums who choose not to breastfeed, or stop after a few weeks can bottle-feed safely and successfully.
Tips for happy bottle-feeding:

Keeping your baby close and looking into your baby's eyes while feeding can be an enjoyable experience

Let baby take the teat into his/her mouth

Pace the feeds so baby stops when he/she has finished

Reduce the number of people bottle feeding baby

Make feeds up safely with water that has boiled and cooled for no longer than 30 minutes

Make each feed fresh

More information about feeding

Download our free parenting app, , for more breastfeeding help, plus information on wellbeing and , and daily information up until your baby is a year old.

Watch Bump to Breastfeeding videos here

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Wondering what breastfeeding is really like? How do people breastfeed when they're out and about? What should you do if breastfeeding hurts? Can you still breastfeed if you're going back to work? We developed From Bump to Breastfeeding to highlight the  benefits of breastfeeding  , while being honest about the challenges.

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Keeping babies well and warm following a caesarean section

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Keeping babies well and warm following a caesarean section

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When babies get cold and their blood sugars drop they are at increased risk of breathing difficulties. Skin to skin and early feeds plus colostrum 'desserts' and 'snacks' help keep babies well.

Immediate and continuous skin to skin is the warmest place for babies to be. If you feel unable to have skin to skin, your birth partner should have skin to skin.

Bring a hat and some blankets to cover your baby while in skin to skin in theatre.

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Preparing to breastfeed a premature or vulnerable baby.

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Preparing to breastfeed a premature or vulnerable baby.

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If you have a high risk pregnancy and are anticipating your baby coming early or in need of nursing care, this video will help you prepare to initiate and maximise your breastmilk and gradually progress to breastfeeding as your baby shows signs of readiness.

Ask your obstetric team to support you collect your colostrum just before you give birth. We will help you rub your colostrum into your baby's gums to boost their immunity before they are transferred to the neonatal unit.

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Expecting to Breastfeed Your Premature Baby

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Switch feeding to help increase breastmilk volumes and milk transfer during feeds

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Switch feeding to help increase breastmilk volumes and milk transfer during feeds

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Sign post parents to the next feeding support group and make a referral to the complex feeding clinic.

Watch this video to learn how to advise switch feeding with breast compressions.

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Breast compressions to increase milk transfer during breastfeeds

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Breast compressions to increase milk transfer during breastfeeds

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Breast compressions can enable a sleepy or vulnerable baby to take more milk during a breastfeed.

It is important the breast feels soft and comfortable at the end of a breastfeed to know the baby is getting enough milk.

If the breast still feels full, advise expressing and offering additional breastmilk to the baby by cup. Signpost parents to the next feeding support group and make a referral to the complex feeding clinic.

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Dr Jack Newman Breastfeeding Video - Compression technique.

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Feeding plans to get feeding off to the best start

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Feeding plans to get feeding off to the best start

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Find laminated copies of plans A,B and C in all clinical areas to help achieve your feeding goals.

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Feeding plans to get feeding off to the best start

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Feeding plans to get feeding off to the best start

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Find laminated copies of plans A,B and C in all clinical areas to help achieve your feeding goals.