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Image retrieved from: Nov. 7, 1841: The Creole Mutiny. (2021, 7 noviembre). Zinn Education Project. https://www.zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/the-creole-case/

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The creoles of New Spain noticed this disaster as an possibility to advantage the electricity and status that they were missing for years. They justified their war of words with the argument of the  "break-up of the connection of serfdom". New Spain represented the king, therefore, it should not make choices over the human beings. Under this, a few creoles supported through the viceroy Francisco de Iturrigaray attempted to take over the electricity of New Spain in 1808 however have been captured and killed.

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Image retrieved from: Puebla, S. E. C. M. |. de. (2020, 21 septiembre). Hidalgo, Padre de la Patria y de seis hijos también | Los obscuros secretos de la Indepe

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Ignacio Allende and Juan Aldama, Miguel Dominguez and his wife Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez, where the founders of the decisive movement. They decided to invite Miguel Hidalgo and Costilla, they will appear as their charismatic leader. Together they plan to pass one Armed riots, they will gather in the basement meanwhile, a tertulia (social gathering) is taking place upstairs. Another way to hide their conspiracy meeting is creating a fake liberal arts academy. The campaign was planned in October 1810.

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Image retrieved from: Puebla, S. E. C. M. |. de. (2020, 21 septiembre). Hidalgo, Padre de la Patria y de seis hijos también | Los obscuros secretos de la Indepen

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The plot was revealed on the first day of September. Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez in 1810 was the one who warned Ignacio Allende understands the situation. Ignacio Allende was the original leader of the movement. On the morning of September 16, Father Miguel Hidalgo and Costilla ring bells in Dolores Parish, People knew exactly what Hidalgo shouted that night.

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The population of the insurgents army grew. After a few defeats towards Viceroy Venegas, they had  huge possibilities of taking Mexico City and defeating the Spanish Army. On October 30th 1810 they defeated Torcuato Trujillo, that is referred to as the Battle of Monte de las cruces. Calleja and his army intercepted Hidalgo and Allende’s army. Calleja won the war on November 7th 1810. Hidalgo fled to Guadalajara and Allende to Guanajuato.

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Image retrieved from: El portal único del gobierno. | gob.mx. (s. f.). https://failover.www.gob.mx/mantenimiento.html

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Insurgent movement leaders fled to to buy weapons to the north, heading Coahuila, but on March 21, 1811 they were ambushed. On the 26 of June 1811, Ignacio Allende, Juan Aldama, Mariano Jiménez, and Manuel Santamaría were executed in Chihuahua.

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Image retrieved from: José María Morelos on horseback at Siege of Cuautla during the Mexican War of Independence, 1812. Morelos was a revolutionary priest who as

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Morelos and his people took hold of Taxco, Chilapa, Chilpancingo, and Cuernavaca, between 1810 and 1812.
Felix Maria Calleja was designated to follow and persecute the
insurgents. On the 19th of February of 1812, Royalists couldn’t win against insurgents, so took Cuautla. Siege lasted 72 days. Morelos broke the siege and got positioned as a great militar strategist.

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Morelos created the document “Sentimientos de la Nación” in which the main ideas were full independence from
Spain, the division of powers, equality for all, abolition of the caste system and slavery, the Catholic Church as the only religion, and more. He read it on September 14, 1813.

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Image retrieved from: Nacional, S. D. L. D. (s. f.-b). 28 de octubre 1812, el General JosÃ© MarÃ­a Morelos y PavÃ3n toma Orizaba. gob.mx. https://www.gob.mx/sede

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Led by Morelos, the Insurgents took Oaxaca on the 25th of November, 1812. They took four months to take Acapulco.
From April 6 to August 20, 1813 they
fought against the Royalists.
Morelos created the Congress of Anáhuac to represent Mexican people.

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Image retrieved from: Nacional, S. D. L. D. (s. f.). 24 de febrero de 1821, proclamaciÃ3n del Plan de Iguala. gob.mx. https://www.gob.mx/sedena/documentos/24-de-

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Morelos against Ciriacode Llano and Agustin de Iturbide

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Morelos against Ciriacode Llano and Agustin de Iturbide

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Morelos fought against Ciriaco de Llano and Agustin de Iturbide, on the 23rd of December of 1813. The Royalists won by creating confusion and making the insurgents kill each other, their army was more prepared

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Image retrieved from: Spanish Constitution of 1812. (s. f.). Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1421412

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Morelos loosed people from his army, like Mariano
Matamoros, that was captured and executed and  Hermenegildo Galeana, he died against the Royalists as well.

Morelos was captured on November 5th, 1815. They took away his title as a priest, when through many trials, and then on December 22nd, 1815 was executed.

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Image retrieved from: Spanish Constitution of 1812. (s. f.). Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1421412

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The constitution was also called “La Pepa”. On the 19th of March, 1812 it had been signed and promulgated.
The document changed Spain’s political system from an
absolute monarchy into a constitutional monarchy and declared equality between the Spaniards and the people from the colonie.

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Image retrieved from: Never interrupt your enemy when he is making a mistake. . . Napoleon Bonaparte. (2013, 16 abril). Old Salt Books Blog. https://oldsaltbook

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Fernando VII was reinstalled as the King of Spain in 1814. Joseph escaped to the United States in 1815 And Rafael Riego, along with the Asturias Army, fought and won against Fernando VII in 1820.

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Image retrieved from: Never interrupt your enemy when he is making a mistake. . . Napoleon Bonaparte. (2013, 16 abril). Old Salt Books Blog. https://oldsaltbook

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Peninsulares living in New Spain would lose power and money, so they conspired a plan to turn New Spain into an “independent ” absolute monarchy and select a Peninsular monarch to serve the interests of Peninsulares and the high class

of New Spain. They had to defeat Guerrero, because if not the insurgent movement would be still active with him being the most relevant leader. Guerrero was so strong Iturbide couldn’t defeat them, so he offered to make forces to defeat the Peninsulares.

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Image retrieved from: Nacional, S. D. L. D. (s. f.). 24 de febrero de 1821, proclamaciÃ3n del Plan de Iguala. gob.mx. https://www.gob.mx/sedena/documentos/24-de

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Plan de Iguala was promulgated on the 24th of February of 1821. It was used to declare New Spain’s independence from Spain. Some statements of the document are New Spain would be a Moderate Constitutional Monarchy, The Trigarante (three guarantees) were represented in white, green and red.

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Image retrieved from: Anniversary of Death of JosÃ© MarÃ­a Morelos, Servant of the Nation. (s. f.). http://banderasnews.com/1012/nr-morelos.htm

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Until august Francisco Xavier Mina and Pedro Moreno resisted to on of the most important fort “el sombrero”. Many guerrillas built forts to continue battles against Royalists.