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1931-March-Japan withdraws from LoN, no consequences

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1931-March-Japan withdraws from LoN, no consequences

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The Japanese delegation, defying world opinion, withdrew from the League of Nations Assembly today after the assembly had adopted a report blaming Japan for events in Manchuria.

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1933-September-Japan invades Manchuria for its’ resources—LoN protests

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1933-September-Japan invades Manchuria for its’ resources—LoN protests

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Throughout the early 20th century the Japanese had maintained special rights in Manchuria, and they had felt that the neutrality of the area was necessary for the defense of their colony in Korea.

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1935-March-Germany begins to rearm under Hitler’s leadership violating ToV

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1935-March-Germany begins to rearm under Hitler’s leadership violating ToV

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Adolf Hitler announced that he would rearm Germany in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. Hitler revealed that Germany had begun to construct an air force, and unveiled plans to reinstitute conscription and create a German army of more than half a million men

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1935-August-U.S. gov’t passes the Neutrality Acts—banned loans and sale of arms to nations at war

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1935-August-U.S. gov’t passes the Neutrality Acts—banned loans and sale of arms to nations at war

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Congress passed the first Neutrality Act prohibiting the export of “arms, ammunition, and implements of war” from the United States to foreign nations at war and requiring arms manufacturers in the United States to apply for an export license.

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Italy invaded Ethiopia in October 1935, launching a war that would drive Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie into exile, pave the way for Italian occupation, and test the capacity and will of the League of Nations to check the aggression of expansionist states.

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1936-March-Hitler remilitarizes the Rhineland—buffer zone on German-French border

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1936-March-Hitler remilitarizes the Rhineland—buffer zone on German-French border

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Adolf Hitler sent over 20,000 troops back into the Rhineland, an area that was supposed to remain a demilitarized zone according to the Treaty of Versailles. The area known as the Rhineland was a strip of German land that borders France, Belgium, and the Netherlands.

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1936-July-Spanish Civil War begins—Hitler and Mussolini send troops to help Francisco Franco and the Nationalists

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1936-July-Spanish Civil War begins—Hitler and Mussolini send troops to help Francisco Franco and the Nationalists

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German involvement in the Spanish Civil War commenced with the outbreak of war in July 1936, with Adolf Hitler immediately sending in powerful air and armored units to assist General Francisco Franco and his Nationalist forces.

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1936-October-Germany, Italy, and Japan begin to create the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis become known as the Axis Powers

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1936-October-Germany, Italy, and Japan begin to create the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis become known as the Axis Powers

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s he began to set his sights on the Soviet Union, German dictator Adolf Hitler boasted of the blind obedience that he would be able to command from the German people in a struggle against bolshevism. Hitler’s tirades against bolshevism were delivered not only in order to justify German intervention on the side of the fascist-oriented Falange in the Spanish Civil War

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1937-March—Hitler takes the rest of Czechoslovakia—West does nothing

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1937-March—Hitler takes the rest of Czechoslovakia—West does nothing

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Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, French Premier Edouard Daladier, and British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain signed the Munich Pact, which sealed the fate of Czechoslovakia, virtually handing it over to Germany in the name of peace.

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1939-September-Munich Conference, Hitler demands the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia—France and Britain give into Germany to preserve peace—they give him the Sudetenland (Stalin upset)

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1939-September-Munich Conference, Hitler demands the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia—France and Britain give into Germany to preserve peace—they give him the Sudetenland (Stalin upset)

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. An agreement was quickly reached on Hitler's terms, and signed by the leaders of Germany, France, Britain, and Italy. The Czechoslovak mountainous borderland that the powers offered to appease Germany had not only marked the natural border between the Czech state and the Germanic states since the early Middle Ages, but it also presented a major natural obstacle to any possible German attack.

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1938-March-Hitler again violates the ToV by creating Anschluss—union between Germany and Austria, he annexes Austria

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1938-March-Hitler again violates the ToV by creating Anschluss—union between Germany and Austria, he annexes Austria

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The other European powers did not punish the Nazis for violating international treaties. Their acceptance of the Anschluss was a significant act of appeasement. It allowed Adolf Hitler to continue his expansionary policies unchecked.

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1939July-Japan invades China—Rape of Nanking takes place—Japanese treat Chinese brutally—rape over 20,000 women

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1939July-Japan invades China—Rape of Nanking takes place—Japanese treat Chinese brutally—rape over 20,000 women

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To break the spirit of Chinese resistance, Japanese General Matsui Iwane ordered that the city of Nanking be destroyed. Much of the city was burned, and Japanese troops launched a campaign of atrocities against civilians. In what became known as the “Rape of Nanking,”

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1938-August, Hitler and Stalin sign a Nonaggression Pact—publicly pledge to never attack each other

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1938-August, Hitler and Stalin sign a Nonaggression Pact—publicly pledge to never attack each other

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Joseph Stalin held similar views of Germany and the Nazi Party. To the surprise of almost everyone, the two dictators announced a nonaggression pact on August 23, 1939. The two men agreed that their countries would not to attack each other, either independently or along with other nations