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blood-curdling-causing terror or horror

agony-어려운 고달픈 상황, 사투, 몸부림
escapade 탈선 행위, 일탈

scarlet 주홍
beholden 은혜를 입은, 신세를 진

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One day she tells the children that Atticus is not any better than the people he advocates for, and Jem loses his temper. Jem takes a baton from Scout and destroys all of Mrs. Dubose’s camellia bushes. As punishment, Jem must go to her house every day for a month and read to her. Scout accompanies him and they endure Mrs. Dubose’s abuse and peculiar fits, which occur at the end of every reading session. Each session is longer than the one before.

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Oppressive 답답한, 숨이 막힐 듯한

Unbleached 표백하지 않은

Syringe 주사기

Absorbent 흡수력 있는

Glisten 반짝이다

Knobby 우툴두툴한, 혹이 많은

Protrude 튀어나오다, 돌출되다

Mantelpiece 벽난로 위 선반

Undulate 넘실대다

Saliva 침, 타액

Viscous 끈적거리는

Hound 따라다니며 괴롭히다

Infuriate 극도로 화나게 하다

Plough 쟁기로 갈다

Antagonize 기분 나쁘게 하다

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a. Wrathful
: extreme anger

n. Dog trot
:  a gentle easy trot (to move at a speed faster than walking by stepping with each front leg at the same time as the opposite back leg.)

v. Contradict
: to say the opposite of (something that someone else has said); to deny the truth of (something)
: to deny or disagree with what is being said by (someone)

v. Bedeck
: to decorate (someone or something) with things; to add decorative things to (something or someone)

a. Apoplectic
: very angry and excited

a. Melancholy
: a sad mood or feeling

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Mrs. Dubose's shot had gone home:
a shot going home is and idiom meaning it hits its mark.

we would be raked by her wrathful gaze: metaphor

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Atticus said Dubose died a little more than a month after Jem was punished for going to her house every day for a month and reading to her ends. Atticus reveals to Jem that Dubose was addicted to morphine as she took it as a painkiller. Atticus told the children that Duose was sick for a  long time but wasn’t suffering anymore when she died. Atticus gives Jem a box with a white camellia on it that Dubose had given her maid for Jem. Atticus said Dubose was a great lady. Jem picked up the box and threw it in the fire but he fingered the camellia's petals.

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1. Jem & Mrs.Dubose
-Mrs.Dubose wanted Jem to read for her for 1 month.
-Dubose asks Jem if he regrets tearing up her camellia.
-Dubose left a candy box (inside, there was a camellia) for Jem.

2. Jem & Atticus
-Atticus tells Jem that Mrs.Dubose had passed away.
-Atticus hands the box to Jem.
-Atticus tells Jem that Mrs.Dubose was morphine addict.

3. Scout & Jem & Mrs.Dubose
-Scout went to Mrs.Dubose’s house with Jem
-After 1month (when the reading days were over) they cheered with freedom.

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1. Scout and Jem Finch: They accompany Calpurnia, to her church, experiencing a different cultural setting. This outing helps deepen their understanding of racial issues and broadens their perspectives.

2. Atticus Finch and Calpurnia: He allows his children to visit her church, highlighting his open-mindedness and commitment to exposing them to different experiences. Atticus and Calpurnia's relationship also reflects the progressive attitude Atticus holds regarding racial equality.

3. Scout and Lula: Lula is a member of Calpurnia's church who confronts Scout and Jem when they attend a service. Lula's disapproval signifies the racial tensions present in the community. Scout's encounter with Lula exposes her to the hostility and prejudice that some individuals hold, deepening her understanding of racial inequality and the importance of empathy.

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148p
As the mountain air, she was conscious to the last, almost.
->simile

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-Mrs. Dubose made insults about the Finches, saying that half of them are in the asylum. Because of her comment about his family and especially Atticus, Jem lost his mind, and cuts off the tops of every camellia bush she had, using Scout's baton.
-After Atticus's return, he makes Jem to apologize her. Scout tries to follow him but Atticus stops her from going out.
-Atticus tells Scout they should keep their head even if worser things happen.
-Jem returns. He says he should go to her house every saturday to grow her flowers back and to read her books.

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While talking to Atticus about Mrs. Dubose about her current status, Jem discovers that she was a previous morphine addict. Atticus hands Jem a box containing a Snow-on-the-mountain. Even though Jem is frightened and horrified by her actions, Atticus appreciates this act by understanding it as an action of compassion. Atticus later describes 'real courage' as one of Mrs. Dubose's characteristics.

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-we would be raked by her wrathful gaze: personification, idealization
-His money was burning up in his pocket: idiom
-I had long eye on that baton: idiom
-grow up waiting on tables: idiom, synonymy
-His voice was like a winter wind:similie

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Shawl:숄, 어깨걸이
Interrogation: 질문, 심문
Decree: 법령, 율령(律令), 포고
Holler: 외침, 큰 소리, 고함, 불평
Gallantly: 용감하게, 씩씩하게

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Voo-doo: a religion practiced in parts of the Caribbean (especially Haiti) and the southern US, combining elements of Roman Catholic ritual with traditional African magical and religious rites, and characterized by sorceryand spirit possession.

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Jem and Scout visites Mrs.Dubose.
He reads very fast while Mrs.Dubose listens and corrects him.

When Mrs.Dubose seems not to be all right, the children are sent home early by Jessie, who takes care of Mrs.Dubose.

Atticus gives presents to his children as a reward for their first day' session with Mrs.Dubose.

Mrs.Dubose did not frighten Jem, but he thinks she is nasty.
She scared Scout.

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1. Ivanhoe
A Romance by Walter Scott is a historical novel published in three volumes, in 1819, as one of the Waverley novels. Set in England in the Middle Ages, it marked a shift away from Scott’s prior practice of setting stories in Scotland and in the more recent past. It became one of Scott’s best-known and most influential novels.

2. Snot-nose
A derogatory expression used to describe someone, usually a child, who is considered impudent, bratty, or rude. It is a colloquialism used to convey contempt or disdain towards a person, implying that they are snotty or arrogant.

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Chapter 11 is focuses on the character of Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose, an elderly and cantankerous woman who lives near the Finch family. Scout and Jem often pass by her house, and Mrs. Dubose never misses an opportunity to make derogatory remarks about their father, Atticus, who is defending a black man in a controversial trial.

One day, as Scout and Jem walk by Mrs. Dubose's house, she insults Atticus once again. Jem's temper flares, and he destroys her camellia bushes in anger. As punishment, Atticus orders Jem to read aloud to Mrs. Dubose for a month, in an attempt to teach him a lesson about the importance of empathy and tolerance.

Reluctantly, Jem complies, and Scout joins him during their reading sessions. Mrs. Dubose is very sick and hooked up to a morphine addiction. At first, she appears cold and uninterested, but as time goes on, Jem notices a change in her demeanor. They learn that Mrs. Dubose has been battling her addiction, and the reading sessions serve as a distraction from her pain.

After a month of reading, Mrs. Dubose passes away. Atticus explains to Jem and Scout that she was trying to overcome her morphine addiction before her death. Atticus believes that her struggle and determination to die free of addiction make her a courageous woman, despite her harsh exterior.

Through this experience, Jem learns about the complexities of human nature and the importance of looking beyond surface appearances.

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1. Metaphor: Atticus's metaphorical explanation to Scout about the true meaning of courage, contrasting it with the idea of a man with a gun in his hand, challenges conventional notions of bravery.

2. Simile: Scout's description of Mrs. Dubose's mouth as "a fist-sized terror" uses a simile to emphasize the intensity of her scolding and the fear it instills in the children.

3. Irony: The irony of Jem's punishment, being instructed to read to Mrs. Dubose as a way to understand her perspective, challenges the initial expectation of a typical punishment and offers a valuable life lesson.