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Attributive Language: Health and sciences professor,

Evidence: In one of the studies I researched, nostalgia as an intervention tool was found to be more harmful than beneficial in a patient.

In-text Citation: (Dodd et al., 2022)

Connection to Claim: Guides my claim to a more specific demographic. Listing implications.

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Attributive Language: Chinese Health Professors,

Evidence: It was found that those utilizing music therapy found benefits through positive emotions, lessening the burden of the condition, and higher quality sleep.

In-text Citation: (Zhang et al., 2025)

Connection to Claim: There are several different nostalgic-inducing activities. This can include music therapy. This method can help enable those with dementia to seek a more positive character.

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The evidence helps build on the statements I make within the claim. It is giving credential to everything I am saying because saying that nostalgia improves positive emotions requires backing at the least.

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The evidence here helps build the idea on how the benefits of nostalgic-care is not limited to the person with dementia, but also their caregivers and loved ones. Dementia may hinder language and social relationships, but nostalgic-activities can resolve this.

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Attributive Language: Persian researchers,

Evidence: As dementia progresses, patients may struggle to find the right words or follow the flow of a conversation, even failing basic grammar and standards of their own language.

In-text Citation: (Farivar et al., 2019)

Connection to Claim: Evidence is used in paring. Dementia affects language, grammar, etc. But nostalgia can help negate such effects.

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Attributive Language: Norwegian professors,

Evidence: “The use of life stories was generally found to have a positive influence on persons with dementia, their relatives and staff.”

In-text Citation: (Grøndahl et al., 2017)

Connection to Claim: Helps reinforce this claim and my main idea that nostalgia will help both their loved ones, caregivers, and themselves

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Attributive Language: Re

Evidence: A study found that a nostalgic intervention helped the relationship between the caregiver and the person with dementia, which was recorded from the view of the caregiver.

In-text Citation: (Dodd et al., 2022)

Connection to Claim: While in this study, little to no results were reported in social relationships by the person with dementia, the caregiver thought otherwise which remains essential to the point that these activities help social relationships.

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Attributive Language: English researchers,

Evidence: A study on participants with dementia experiencing ordinary vs nostalgic events found that they reported nostalgic events made them feel higher self-esteem, belonging, life meaning, and positivity.

In-text Citation: (Ismail et al., 2021)

Connection to Claim: Nostalgic events can help those with dementia experience more positive emotions.

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Attributive Language: Neuroscientists find,

Evidence: Nostalgia's influence on neural activity and brain structures provides a connection to increased autobiographical memory recall.

In-text Citation: (Yang et al., 2022)

Connection to Claim: Provides neuroscientific backing. It is here to reinforce my claim that nostalgic as a unique thing, has the capability to increase memory recall.

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1.  Reiterate the importance of your problem

2. Restate each of your claims, weaving them together to illustrate your line of reasoning

3.  Reiterate your main idea/thesis

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TRANSITION: CONNECTION FROM CLAIM TO CLAIM

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TRANSITION: CONNECTION FROM CLAIM TO CLAIM

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The relationships of someone with dementia is important, but the biggest importance is how nostalgia can affect the wellbeing of someone.

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TRANSITION: CONNECTION FROM CLAIM TO CLAIM

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TRANSITION: CONNECTION FROM CLAIM TO CLAIM

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Nostalgia helps connect with your loved ones, and facilitating the activities can depend on your loved ones. Social relationships both are necessary for nostalgic-inducing activities plus they boost social relationships.

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Memory loss is the most critical and damaging effect of dementia. My evidence here supports the claim that memory recall can be strengthened with dementia. Not only providing proof through neuroscience but also evidence provided that backs my statements made.

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How can we use nostalgia to diminish the effects of dementia?

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Attributive Language: Experienced therapist,

Evidence: When patients engage with items or experiences tied to their past, it often leads to clearer communication, improved mood, and a temporary restoration of personal identity.

In-text Citation: (Hollinda et al., 2022)

Connection to Claim: Helps build the idea on the importance of memory recall. How nostalgia helps memory call and what it brings.

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Attributive Language: Medical researcher,

Evidence: Emotional memories can even promote long-term memories and have positive effects on the brain.

In-text Citation: (Johnson, 2024)

Connection to Claim: Contributes to my points that nostalgia is more lasting than ordinary memories.

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Nostalgia reinforces identity and emotional wellbeing

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Nostalgia strengthens social relationships

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Context + Introduction + Focus (Problem/Issue Statement)

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Context + Introduction + Focus (Problem/Issue Statement)

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The World Health Organization states that the proportion of the global population over 60 is increasing rapidly. Those over the age of 60 are most prone to dementia and/or the most common form, Alzheimer’s. I can say confidently that the majority of the world's population has at least some knowledge on the issue of memory-loss conditions. However, as we cross this threshold where the elderly continue to grow as a larger portion of our society, we can expect a rapid increase in those with memory-loss conditions. (Alzheimer’s Association, 2024) Medical treatments are limited and dementia is a condition that many have to accept as a part of their lives. The revelations of the growing issue of dementia opens several questions such as how we can better support those affected by it and how we can better equip caregivers. Ironically, I believe that nostalgia, both an emotion and type of autobiographical memory, can hold an important part in both better equipping caregivers and helping those with dementia. Norberg, author of False Nostalgia, finds that “Anchoring our identity in something enduring helps us when all that is solid seems to be melting into air.” This idea is critical as those experiencing memory loss with dementia, can still find themselves with nostalgic-based intervention methods. Whether it be to get back in touch with themselves, their identity, or their emotions. This is not the call to action for a communal effort, but it is an available method for caregivers. Document G identifies that 66% of caregivers live with the person that has dementia. Nostalgia will provide an intervention and facilitation tool that can better the lives of people with dementia both emotionally and cognitively.

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Nostalgia strengthens memory recall