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A major cause is habitat destruction — for example, when forests are cut down for farming, cities, or roads. Animals and plants lose their homes and cannot survive.

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One important effect is that ecosystems become weaker. When certain species disappear, the natural balance is broken. This can cause problems like more disease, fewer crops, or the collapse of food chains.

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Loss of biodiversity means the number of different species—animals, plants, insects, and microorganisms—is decreasing.

Many of them are becoming endangered or disappearing completely.

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Protect natural areas by creating wildlife reserves and national parks. This gives species a safe place to live and recover.