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Supreme Court of PA Historical Commission

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Supreme Court of PA Historical Commission

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Founded by Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, iCivics offers interactive games and lesson plans that teach students about citizenship, the Constitution, and how government works. Perfect for engaging middle school learners through interactive digital resources.

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Learn about services designed to build educator capacity and cultivate dynamic educational experiences for students.

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The National Constitution Center's video library of interactive classes on the Constitution.

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This online resource offers clause-by-clause analysis of the entire Constitution with explanations from constitutional scholars across the political spectrum. Includes articles, videos, and interactive tools ideal for high school research.

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The U.S. Constitution | Constitution Center

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Learn about the text, history, and meaning of the U.S. Constitution from leading scholars of diverse legal and philosophical perspectives.

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The National Archives offers primary sources, lesson plans, and activities for teaching about the Constitution across all grade levels. Includes downloadable facsimiles of the Constitution and interactive teaching tools.

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On September 17, 1787, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention met for the last time to sign the document they had created. The National Archives and Records Administration celebrates this important day in our nation's history by presenting the following activities. We encourage educators and students at all levels to learn more about our Constitution and government.

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While designed for adult citizenship education, this resource contains excellent materials that can be adapted for K-12 students learning about citizenship rights and responsibilities in relation to the Constitution.

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U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

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Teaching Tolerance: The U.S. Constitution

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Teaching Tolerance: The U.S. Constitution

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Provides lesson plans and classroom activities about constitutional principles and citizenship that promote critical thinking and civic engagement across grade levels.

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Section 1.
All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
Section 2.

Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.

Section 3.

No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.

Section 4.

The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void.

Section 5.

The Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.

1. Reread the first part of Section 1.
Who is considered a citizen of the United States?

Anyone born or naturalized in the United States.

2. What are those citizens promised?

They are promised equal protection of the law, all privileges that come with being a citizen o the U.S. and due process of the law, meaning states cannot pass unfair laws.

3. Reread Section 2.
Section 2 describes how congressional representation is determined. Restate in your own words who is considered a "whole person" in these calculations.

Any male over the age of 21, who has not participated in rebellion or another crime, is eligible to vote, excluding Indians who are not taxed.

4. Reread Section 3 and 4
What stipulations did Congress create for 1) making it more difficult for former Confederate leaders to hold political office and 2) ensuring that the Confederate states were not repaid for debts incurred during the Civil War?

1-- Any former Confederate leader would need two-thirds of Congress to vote in his favor in order to run for office.
2-- Any debt owed to the Confederate states did not need to be repaid.

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The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution states that all people born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the state where they reside.

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Founded by Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, iCivics offers interactive games and lesson plans that teach students about citizenship, the Constitution, and how government works. Perfect for engaging middle school learners through interactive digital resources.

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Learn about services designed to build educator capacity and cultivate dynamic educational experiences for students.

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We the People: 8 Constitution Day Activities for Students

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Here are Constitution Day activities to engage your students in learning about the historic document that defines how our government works.

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National Archives - Observing Constitution Day

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National Archives - Observing Constitution Day

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On September 17, 1787, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention met for the last time to sign the document they had created. The National Archives and Records Administration celebrates this important day in our nation's history by presenting the following activities. We encourage educators and students at all levels to learn more about our Constitution and government.

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National Archives - Observing Constitution Day

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National Archives - Observing Constitution Day

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
On September 17, 1787, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention met for the last time to sign the document they had created. The National Archives and Records Administration celebrates this important day in our nation's history by presenting the following activities. We encourage educators and students at all levels to learn more about our Constitution and government.

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National Archives - Observing Constitution Day

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National Archives - Observing Constitution Day

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
On September 17, 1787, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention met for the last time to sign the document they had created. The National Archives and Records Administration celebrates this important day in our nation's history by presenting the following activities. We encourage educators and students at all levels to learn more about our Constitution and government.

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FDLP Resource Guides: Constitution Day: Home

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FDLP Resource Guides: Constitution Day: Home

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Library of Congress - Primary Source Analysis Tool

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Library of Congress - Primary Source Analysis Tool

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Teacher’s Guides and Analysis Tool | Getting Started with Primary Sources | Teachers | Programs | Library of Congress

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jQuery(function($){ var $container = $(‘.search-results’); $container.isotope({ layoutMode: ‘fitRows’, itemSelector: ‘.item’ }); imagesLoaded( $(‘#results’), function( instance ) { var $container = $(‘.search-results’); $container.isotope({ layoutMode: ‘fitRows’, itemSelector: ‘.item’ }); }); }); Primary Source Analysis Tool for Students Students can use this simple tool to examine and analyze any kind of primary source and record their responses.

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PBS LearningMedia - Teaching the Constitution

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PBS LearningMedia - Teaching the Constitution

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Teaching the Constitution | PBS LearningMedia

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This collection includes resources that support teaching the fundamentals of the U.S. Constitution.
Students will understand the issues involved in the creation and ratification of the United States Constitution, the new government it established, and its continuing significance.

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PBS LearningMedia - Teaching the Constitution

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PBS LearningMedia - Teaching the Constitution

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Teaching the Constitution | PBS LearningMedia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This collection includes resources that support teaching the fundamentals of the U.S. Constitution.
Students will understand the issues involved in the creation and ratification of the United States Constitution, the new government it established, and its continuing significance.

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Library of Congress - The Federalist Papers

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Library of Congress - The Federalist Papers

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The Federalist, commonly referred to as the Federalist Papers, is a series of 85 essays written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison between October 1787 and May 1788. The essays were published anonymously, under the pen name "Publius," in various New York state newspapers of the time.

The Federalist Papers were written and published to urge New Yorkers to ratify the proposed United States Constitution, which was drafted in Philadelphia in the summer of 1787. In lobbying for adoption of the Constitution over the existing Articles of Confederation, the essays explain particular provisions of the Constitution in detail. For this reason, and because Hamilton and Madison were each members of the Constitutional Convention, the Federalist Papers are often used today to help interpret the intentions of those drafting the Constitution.

The Federalist Papers were published primarily in two New York state newspapers: The New York Packet and The Independent Journal. They were reprinted in other newspapers in New York state and in several cities in other states. A bound edition, with revisions and corrections by Hamilton, was published in 1788 by printers J. and A. McLean. An edition published by printer Jacob Gideon in 1818, with revisions and corrections by Madison, was the first to identify each essay by its author's name. Because of its publishing history, the assignment of authorship, numbering, and exact wording may vary with different editions of The Federalist.

The electronic text of The Federalist used here was compiled for Project Gutenberg by scholars who drew on many available versions of the papers.

One printed edition of the text is The Federalist, edited by Jacob E. Cooke (Middletown, Conn., Wesleyan University Press, 1961). Cooke's introduction provides background information on the printing history of The Federalist; the information provided above comes in part from his work.

This web-friendly presentation of the original text of the Federalist Papers (also known as The Federalist) was obtained from the e-text archives of Project Gutenberg. Any irregularities with regard to grammar, syntax, spelling, or punctuation are as they exist in the original e-text archives.

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Research Guides: Federalist Papers: Primary Documents in American History: Full Text of The Federalist Papers

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The Federalist Papers were a series of essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay under the pen name "Publius." This guide compiles Library of Congress digital materials, external websites, and a print bibliography.

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Power Library - Introduction to U.S. History

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Power Library - Introduction to U.S. History

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Free resources and instructional materials - library card required for access.

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E-Resources | POWER Library | Get E-Books & Online Database Access

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Access top-notch e-resources not available on search engines with POWER Library. Gale, ProQuest and more! Available now.