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E. histolytica, a pathogen with a worldwide distribution, is the second most common reason for parasitic mortality. It infects an estimated 500 million people annually, infects 50 million with colitis and liver abscesses, and kills an estimated 40,000–100,000 people per year.

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Higher classification: Entamoeba

Rank: Species

Scientific name: Entamoeba histolytica

Phylum: Amoebozoa

Genome size: ~24 Mb

Family: Entamoebidae

Domain: Eukaryota

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After being consumed, the cyst form travels from the mouth to the small intestine, where exocytosis takes place. The cyst divides into eight trophozoites during endocytosis by going through nuclear, followed by cytoplasmic, division. These trophozoites subsequently go to the large intestine.

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For intestinal amebiasis, metronidazole is the first line of treatment, followed by a luminal drug. Tinidazole, ornidazole, and nitazoaxanide are alternatives to metronidazole.

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Although everyone can get this illness, it affects individuals who live in tropical regions with inadequate sanitation conditions the most frequently. It  is most prevalent in the following areas in the US:

-People who have visited tropical locations with low sanitation
-Immigrants coming from tropical nations with inadequate sanitation
-Occupants of institutions with low sanitary conditions
-Men who have sex with men

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Transmission may take place via the fecal-oral route (ingestion of food and water, contaminated with feces containing E. histolytica cysts). Sexual transmission is another possibility.

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By eliminating fecal contamination of food and water through improved sanitation, hygiene, and water treatment, amebiasis can be avoided.

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Although there are frequently no symptoms, it can occasionally result in diarrhea, nausea, and weight loss.

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Entamoeba histolytica, a microscopic parasite that is transmitted by human feces, is the cause of the intestinal (bowel) disease known as amebiasis.

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Entamoeba histolytica is well recognized as a pathogenic ameba, associated with intestinal and extraintestinal infections.