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Phytoplankton and algae are formed from the bases of the aquatic food webs. They are eaten by primary consumers like zooplankton, small fish and crustaceans.

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Secondary consumers, examples of this long list include: coral, shrimp, krill, sardines, herring and clown fish.

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The tertiary consumers in marine ecosystems include tuna, barracuda, jellyfish, dolphins, seals, sea lions, turtles, sharks and whales.

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The main decomposers in the marine ecosystem are mostly bacteria. In the colder ocean waters, only bacteria and fungi do the decomposing because the other creatures cannot survive in the extreme conditions.

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Marine scavengers are defined by Britton & Morton (1994) as organisms which are 'able to detect carrion, usually by either distance or touch chemoreception, or both, deliberating to move toward it, and eventually consume either part or all of it'.