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Megafauna extinctions are known as the disappearance of large-bodied animals, during various periods in Earth's history. These extinctions often occurred due to factors such as climate change, human hunting, or a combination of both. Examples include mammoths, mastodons, saber-toothed cats, and giant ground sloths.

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Prehistoric reptile extinctions consist of the disappearance of various ancient reptile species, such as dinosaurs, marine reptiles, and flying reptiles like pterosaurs. These extinctions were mostly caused by the Cretaceous-Paleogene event, which led to the death of non-avian dinosaurs, as well as other factors such as volcanic eruptions and climate change.

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Quaternary ice age extinctions are known as the loss of a ton of animal species during the Pleistocene epoch, which was known by alternating periods of glaciation and interglacial periods. These extinctions affected large mammals, including mammoths, mastodons, woolly rhinoceroses, and cave bears, and were influenced by things such as climate change and human hunting.

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Holocene island extinctions consist of the disappearance of animal species on tons of islands around the world during the Holocene epoch. These extinctions were often caused by human activities such as habitat destruction, introduction of invasive species, and overhunting. It also includes the dodo bird of Mauritius and the moa of New Zealand.

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Anthropogenic extinctions typically refers to animal extinctions caused mostly by human activities since the onset of the Industrial Revolution. These extinctions are consisted by factors such as habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, overhunting, and introduction of invasive species. Examples include the Tasmanian tiger and the passenger pigeon.

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The contemporary mass extinction, which was called the Anthropocene or Holocene extinction, is characterized by a fast decline in global biodiversity. Human activities, like habitat destruction, climate change, overexploitation, introduction of invasive species, and pollution, are the important drivers of this extinction event. Urgent conservation efforts and sustainable practices are necessary to mitigate further biodiversity loss and protect ecosystems and species from extinction.