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1. Athens was formed 700 to 800 years before B.C. It reached its peak in 4th century B.C. and was overthrown in 6th century B.C.
2. Pericles, Aristotle, and Plato were some distinct figures within this era. Athens was broken up into city-states.
3. This government mimicked that of a democracy. It was the first government system to give democratic ideals. It was a direct democracy.

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1. Rome was founded in 753 B.C. It was originally a city-state ruled by monarchs, but was overthrown in 509 B.C. The Roman Republic was subject to change into the Roman Empire 400 years later.
2. Rome was split into classes, but two classes tended to clash with one another: the patricians (rich upper class) and the plebeians (common folk).
3. Rome was a republic. The government was centered around the senate. These senators were elected, thus creating the first main understanding of representation in government.

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1. Feudalism was founded in 5th century A.D. It was in place until the 16th century. It took over from the collapse of the Roman Empire.
2. The rulers (lords of land) were all powerful and they divided their land to lesser lords. Those lords gave the common folk a place to live in exchange for loyalty and service. Economic units consisted of manors (the lord's land holdings)
3. This form of government really wasn't much government. It was more so organized chaos. It didn't really work because there was not really a political system. The people were not governed, they were told how to survive based on the needs of one ruler. It was like a chain. The top tier was the ruler. The second chain was those who served the ruler. The third were laborers (the majority of the population)

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1. Roman Catholicism developed in 33 A.D
2. This type of economy is made up of Roman Catholics. The understanding of Jesus originated in B.C. times, but the Roman Catholic take over happened within Rome. Hostile emperors prosecuted people who went against their teachings which helped them last throughout the years. Popes and Bishops ruled lots of lands.
3. This was an economy that worked because it was religiously based and they persecuted those who thought differently. They put political and religious influence over all the people they had control of in their land. It wasn't morally right, they were all power-tripping but and so it goes.

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1. This form of government was created in the late 1400's.
2. In this government, rule came from a king or a queen. The lords of the previous era were beginning to fade away because local leaders of towns began to like the benefits bestowed upon them through a monarchist government. The classes consisted of a monarch, then nobles, then knights/vassals, then farmers/craftsmen, then peasants.
3. This government created some order when compared to the previous eras. Rulers centralized power and established national governments. They created national legal systems, as well as national taxes. War was now between national armies, not groups formed from nobles. Monarchs had sovereignty over all their people and were allowed to make all laws.

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Monarchy Comparison (The United Kingdom and France 1700's)

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Monarchy Comparison (The United Kingdom and France 1700's)

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Both France and The United Kingdom have had monarchies. The UK still has one, but France lost the idea of having a monarchy in 1792. The rulers of France in the late 1700's were making the living conditions of all those in France unbearable. There were food shortages and the common folk were neglected. The Kings and his right hand men mooched off of the common workers and only cared about themselves, so the common people revolted and eventually kicked King Louis and his wife, Marie-Antoinette, out of power. A lot of other things happened within the chaos but that is the ultimate premise of the revolt. If the Kings took more consideration into the people's needs instead of their own, the monarchy may have continued.

On the other side of the monarchy spectrum, there's the UK. British monarchies developed in the early 5th century AD. However, mid evil Scotland was the main place and time where the UK version of a monarchy was established. The UK was born in 1707. Before Scotland, the British monarchies originally resembled that of France, however the people of British rule were not treated as bad. That's kind of what kept the monarchy going until the end of the 17th century. At the end of the 17th century, the absolute monarchy soon began to turn into a constitutional monarchy. The power of the king began to turn into parliament power, which is what the UK consists of today.

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1.  Colonialism began to develop in the late 1400's and early 1500's.
2. The vast majority of European monarchies started this trend of colonialism. As time went on, more places wanted to colonize all around the world, but that came about 100 years later
3. This type of idea is related to the control of territory. Colonialism looks at taking control of lands located abroad. A good example is Columbus when he was sent on his expedition to colonize what is now known as America. (Yes, I know it was an accident that he found America because he was just trading but it's just an example don't come for me)

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1. Mercantilism developed around the same time as colonialism because mercantilism stemmed directly from colonialism (late 1400's and early 1500's)
2. Mercantilism involves the use of money to be the chief source of wealth within a nation. Merchants and monarchs were the people who adopted this economic theory
3. Mercantilism stuck once it was brought into existence because it was a better way to trade. If everyone was based on the same economic system, obtaining goods would become much easier. It also helped develop more industries and mining, as well as create more colonies.

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1. The period from 1300-1600 was known as the enlightenment period
2. There were plenty of figures that influenced the Renaissance era. Those figures include Niccolo Machiavelli (Italian philosopher and statesman), John Locke (set the foundation for the creation of the Declaration of Independence), Thomas Hobbs (developed the idea of a social contract), Francois-Marie Arouet (advocated for religious freedom and scientific observation), and William Blackstone (helped develop the idea of "common law").
3. In this era, the people began to realize their worth. The idea of sovereignty came about once more and the people began to question the authority of those in power. From a non-political standpoint, the arts, sciences, and economics were also beginning to develop within this era.